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See detailUn témoignage sur les éclegmes: PSI 6.718
Marganne, Marie-Hélène ULg

in Boehm, Isabelle; Rousseau, Nathalie (Eds.) L'expressivité du lexique médical en Grèce et à Rome. Hommages à Françoise Skoda (in press)

Édité à deux reprises, le PSI 6.718 (Hermopolis, première moitié du IVe siècle de notre ère, parchemin, 5,6 x 7,7 cm) conserve les restes d'un recueil de nature géoponique, dont la troisième recette ... [more ▼]

Édité à deux reprises, le PSI 6.718 (Hermopolis, première moitié du IVe siècle de notre ère, parchemin, 5,6 x 7,7 cm) conserve les restes d'un recueil de nature géoponique, dont la troisième recette, jamais vraiment élucidée jusqu'ici, est en réalité relative à un éclegme. Après avoir réédité la recette, on s'interroge sur ce type de médicament, sur les mots grecs qui le désignent, sur son utilisation dans le monde gréco-romain, ainsi que sur son histoire. [less ▲]

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See detailChapter 17: Thiamin
Bettendorff, Lucien ULg

in Erdman, Jr, John W.; MacDonald, Ian A.; Zeisel, Steven H. (Eds.) Present Knowledge in Nutrition (2012)

Thiamin (vitamin B1) was the first vitamin characterized and its discovery was at the origin of the concept of vitamin. Thiamin deficiency mainly affects the nervous system and causes two classical ... [more ▼]

Thiamin (vitamin B1) was the first vitamin characterized and its discovery was at the origin of the concept of vitamin. Thiamin deficiency mainly affects the nervous system and causes two classical diseases, beriberi (a polyneuritic syndrome) and Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome (anterograde amnesia resulting from brain lesions in alcoholics). Thiamin transport through the membranes of intestinal and other cells requires specific carriers. As the process is rather slow, various lipid-soluble thiamin precursors with better bioavailability have been developed. In the cytosol, thiamin is pyrophosphorylated to thiamin diphosphate (ThDP), an indispenable cofactor in cell energy metabolism. Therefore, thiamin deficiency causes decreased cofactor function, leading to neuronal death. In addition, non-cofactor roles of the triphosphorylated derivatives thiamin triphosphate (ThTP) and adenosine thiamin triphosphate (AThTP) may play a role in metabolic regulation and may contribute to the pathology of thiamin deficiency-induced brain lesions. Current research interests are focused on the metabolism and role of thiamin derivatives (especially in catalysis by ThDP-dependent enzymes) and the biochemical and pathophysiological mechanisms by which thiamin deficiency induces specific brain lesions and may be implicated in other disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease and diabetes. [less ▲]

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See detailGaio, l'insegnamento e il Belgio
Gerkens, Jean-François ULg

Conference (2012, June 11)

What was the impact of the discovery of the Veronese Palimpsest on the teaching methods in Belgium?

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See detailCongolais de Belgique-Vous avez dit postcolonial?
Demart, Sarah ULg

Article for general public (2012)

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See detailRapport d'analyses dendrochornologiques: Floreffe, clocher de l'abbatiale
Hoffsummer, Patrick ULg; Maggi, Christophe ULg

Report (2012)

Two main phases of this interesting church spire were dendrodated. The first one is coming from a gothic structure of 16th century and the second is a transformation in Baroque style at the beginning of ... [more ▼]

Two main phases of this interesting church spire were dendrodated. The first one is coming from a gothic structure of 16th century and the second is a transformation in Baroque style at the beginning of the 18th century [less ▲]

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See detailPOROSIMETRY BY DOUBLE-RANDOM MULTIPLE TREE STRUCTURING IN VIRTUAL CONCRETE
Stroeven, Piet; L.B.Le, Nghi; Sluys, L.J. et al

in Image Analysis and Stereology (2012), 31(1), 55-63

Two different porosimetry methods are presented in two successive papers. Inspiration for the development came from the rapidly-exploring random tree (RRT) approach used in robotics. The novel methods are ... [more ▼]

Two different porosimetry methods are presented in two successive papers. Inspiration for the development came from the rapidly-exploring random tree (RRT) approach used in robotics. The novel methods are applied to virtual cementitious materials produced by a modern concurrent algorithm-based discrete element modeling system, HADES. This would render possible realistically simulating all aspects of particulate matter that influence structure-sensitive features of the pore network structure in maturing concrete, namely size, shape and dispersion of aggregate and cement particles. Pore space is a complex tortuous entity. Practical methods conventionally applied for assessment of pore size distribution may fail or present biased information. Among them, mercury intrusion porosimetry and 2D quantitative image analysis are popular. The mathematical morphology operator “opening” can be applied to sections and even provide 3D information on pore size distribution, provided isotropy is guaranteed. Unfortunately, aggregate grain surfaces lead to pore anisotropy. The presented methods allow exploration of pore space in the virtual material, after which pore size distribution is derived from star volume measurements. In addition to size of pores their continuity is of crucial importance for durability estimation. Double-random multiple tree structuring (DRaMuTS), presented herein, and random node structuring (RaNoS) provide such information. The latter method will be introduced in a next issue of Image Anal Stereol. [less ▲]

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See detailBackyard poultry in Kabylie (Algeria): from an indigenous chicken to a local poultry breed?
Moula, Nassim ULg; Farnir, Frédéric ULg; Salhi, Abdellah et al

in Animal Genetic Resources (2012), 50

Backyard poultry is considered as a powerful tool for poverty alleviation. It is further promoted as a way of empowering women in communities where there is gender bias in poultry raising. The low-input ... [more ▼]

Backyard poultry is considered as a powerful tool for poverty alleviation. It is further promoted as a way of empowering women in communities where there is gender bias in poultry raising. The low-input systems involved are based on local breeds that are perfectly suited to their environment. However, socio-economic processes put local genetic resources under pressure, leading to the erosion of biodiversity. The present survey addresses this issue in the case of Kabylie, a mountainous coastal region of Algeria, through a survey conducted in 90 households raising poultry, a morpho-biometric description of 315 local chickens, and a performance evaluation of both growth and egg production in experimental semi-intensive conditions. The socio-economic profile of poultry smallholders in Kabylie reveals poor education and high diversification of agricultural assets and confirms gender bias in poultry keeping. The erosion of local genetic resources in chicken is found to be severe despite their cultural importance in Kabylie. From complementary surveys among experienced poultry keepers, the major original local type is postulated to consist of three varieties with black plumage (pure black, mottled and barred). The performance evaluation raised promising results, suggesting that some degree of improvement of low-input backyard systems could be pursued by exploiting the local breed. Finally, a strategy for a revival of the local breed through the support of the most involved smallholders is outlined in accordance with the information collected in the survey. [less ▲]

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See detailWhen policy makers consult professional groups in public policy formation: transversal consultation in the Belgian Mental Health Sector
Thunus, Sophie ULg; Schoenaers, Frédéric ULg

in Policy and Society (2012), 31(3), 145-158

This contribution focuses on a policy consultation process: the ‘‘transversal consultation’’. Launched in 2007 in the Belgian Mental Health Sector, this consultation had to capture the experience-based ... [more ▼]

This contribution focuses on a policy consultation process: the ‘‘transversal consultation’’. Launched in 2007 in the Belgian Mental Health Sector, this consultation had to capture the experience-based knowledge of service users and professionals involved in local projects aimed at experimenting working conditions in mental health care networks. This policy challenges the existing hospital-centred model of care, characterized by a medical approach and professional specialization, by promoting instead a pluridisciplinary approach in mental health care networks. In this contribution, a case of this transversal consultation process is analysed by relying on a theoretical framework drawn from the Sociology of Organizations and the Sociology of Public Action. The analysis emphasizes the strategic use that ismade of the consultation process, and stresses the gap observed between its formal objective and its perceived outcome: more than producing experience-based knowledge about mental health care networks, the transversal consultation challenged power relations sustaining the current organization of the mental health system. It shortly discusses, as a conclusion, the outcome of the initiative. [less ▲]

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See detailDevelopment Factors and Local Impacts of Agritourism: Comparison Between Slovenia and Walloon Region
Schmitz, Serge ULg; PotočnikSlavič, Irma

in Dubois, Charline (Ed.) Agritourism between embeddedness and internationalization (2012, June)

The bilateral research project between the Republic of Slovenia and Wallonie Bruxelles Internationale“Development Factors of Agritourism: Comparison Between Slovenia and Walloon Region” (L´agrotourisme ... [more ▼]

The bilateral research project between the Republic of Slovenia and Wallonie Bruxelles Internationale“Development Factors of Agritourism: Comparison Between Slovenia and Walloon Region” (L´agrotourisme, son fonctionnement et son rôle dans le développement local en Wallonie et Slovénie aujourd´hui et demain; Dejavnikirazvojaturizmanakmetiji: primerjava med Slovenijo in Valonijo; 2010-2012) was focused on agritourism in order to illustrate how sustainable development thinking can be applied when addressing the problems of the rural areas. It aimed as well to rethink agritourism development according to its embeddeness in order to enlighten the question which form of agritourism is suitable to which rural area and vice-versa. At the same time, agritourism is shaping and is being re-shaped by the internationalization of tourism market. [less ▲]

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See detailEstimation of hydraulic conductivity and its uncertainty from grain-size data using GLUE and artificial neural networks
Rogiers, Bart; Mallants, Dirk; Batelaan, Okke et al

in Mathematical Geosciences (2012), 44(6), 739-763

Various approaches exist to relate saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks) to grain-size data. Most methods use a single grain-size parameter and hence omit the information encompassed by the entire grain ... [more ▼]

Various approaches exist to relate saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks) to grain-size data. Most methods use a single grain-size parameter and hence omit the information encompassed by the entire grain-size distribution. This study compares two data-driven modelling methods, i.e.multiple linear regression and artificial neural networks, that use the entire grain-size distribution data as input for Ks prediction. Besides the predictive capacity of the methods, the uncertainty associated with the model predictions is also evaluated, since such information is important for stochastic groundwater flow and contaminant transport modelling. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) are combined with a generalized likelihood uncertainty estimation (GLUE) approach to predict Ks from grain-size data. The resulting GLUE-ANN hydraulic conductivity predictions and associated uncertainty estimates are compared with those obtained from the multiple linear regression models by a leave-one-out cross-validation. The GLUE-ANN ensemble prediction proved to be slightly better than multiple linear regression. The prediction uncertainty, however, was reduced by half an order of magnitude on average, and decreased at most by an order of magnitude. This demonstrates that the proposed method outperforms classical data-driven modelling techniques. Moreover, a comparison with methods from literature demonstrates the importance of site specific calibration. The dataset used for this purpose originates mainly from unconsolidated sandy sediments of the Neogene aquifer, northern Belgium. The proposed predictive models are developed for 173 grain-size -Ks pairs. Finally, an application with the optimized models is presented for a borehole lacking Ks data. [less ▲]

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See detailComparaison de la qualité des œufs de la race de poule locale Kabyle et de son croisement avec la souche industrielle Isa-Brown
Moula, Nassim ULg; Antoine-Moussiaux, Nicolas ULg; Ait Kaki, Asma ULg et al

Poster (2012, May 27)

La qualité de l’œuf de poule et les performances de ponte peuvent varier en fonction de la race. Dans les systèmes d’élevage extensifs à semi-intensifs des pays en développement, le croisement entre une ... [more ▼]

La qualité de l’œuf de poule et les performances de ponte peuvent varier en fonction de la race. Dans les systèmes d’élevage extensifs à semi-intensifs des pays en développement, le croisement entre une race de poule locale et une souche industrielle pourrait constituer une opportunité, délivrant un produit commercial alliant rusticité et performances zootechniques. Dans un contexte mondial d’érosion de la biodiversité avicole, ce type de croisement apporte une motivation économique à la conservation de la lignée parentale locale. Le but de cette étude est de comparer le taux de ponte et la qualité des œufs, en termes de composition, de la race de poule locale Kabyle (KAB) et de son croisement (ISAKAB) avec la souche industrielle Isa-Brown (ISA). Les analyses sur la qualité des œufs ont été réalisées durant trois périodes (semaines 35 à 36, 50 à 51 et 65 à 66). L’âge d’entrée en ponte était significativement supérieur pour la poule Kabyle par rapport au croisement ISAKAB (165,96 jours vs. 140,76 ; p<0,0001). Le nombre d’œufs pondus annuellement par la poule ISAKAB est significativement supérieur (194,20 vs. 173,44 ; p<0,05) Le rapport jaune/blanc était identique pour les deux races comparées, avec une moyenne globale de 0,56. Le poids de l’œuf était supérieur chez la poule ISAKAB (53,55 vs. 48,86 ; p<0,0001). Dès lors, les performances de ponte et la qualité des œufs de la poule Kabyle ont été améliorées par le croisement avec la souche Isa-Brown. [less ▲]

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See detailPerformances de croissance et aptitudes bouchères du Poulet Kabyle
Moula, Nassim ULg; Antoine-Moussiaux, Nicolas ULg; Ait Kaki, Asma ULg et al

Poster (2012, May 27)

Face à la hausse rapide de la consommation mondiale de viande de volaille et afin de s’inscrire dans la perspective d’un développement durable, l’aviculture a connu et connaîtra encore de profondes ... [more ▼]

Face à la hausse rapide de la consommation mondiale de viande de volaille et afin de s’inscrire dans la perspective d’un développement durable, l’aviculture a connu et connaîtra encore de profondes mutations. L’expansion rapide de l’élevage intensif de souches hybrides, génétiquement uniformes, se réalise au détriment des races locales de poules. Ces dernières constituent pourtant un outil central du développement socio-économique rural dans diverses régions du monde. Le but de cette étude est d’étudier les performances de croissance du Poulet Kabyle en production intensive. L’expérimentation s’est déroulée dans la Région de Basse Kabylie et a consisté en deux essais consécutifs de mars à juin 2010 (n=150 poussins) et d’août à novembre 2010 (n=155 poussins). À l’éclosion, le poids moyen des poussins de la première répétition (mâles : 41,29 g, femelles : 36,26 g) n’était pas significativement différent (p>0,05) de celui de la deuxième répétition (mâles : 37,30 g, femelles : 31,94 g). A la fin de l’expérimentation, les poulets de la première répétition présentaient un poids significativement (p<0,05) supérieur à ceux de la deuxième répétition (mâles : 1978,93 g, femelles : 1448,57 g vs. mâles : 1803,30 g, femelles : 1234,48 g). L'étude des différents paramètres de la courbe de croissance (modèle de Gompertz) a révélé des valeurs différentes selon le sexe et la répétition. Aucune différence significative (p>0,05) n’a été observée entre les mortalités, les poids moyens à l’abattage, les rendements, les pH des muscles, des animaux des deux répétitions. Le poids moyen à l’abattage des mâles et leur rendement a été significativement (p<0,05) supérieur à celui des femelles. Les pH des muscles se stabilisent à une valeur appelée pH ultime variant de 5,68 à 5,81. [less ▲]

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See detailComparaison de la qualité des œufs de deux races de poules Vietnamiennes (Ri et Mia)
Moula, Nassim ULg; Antoine-Moussiaux, Nicolas ULg; Do Duc, Luc ULg et al

Poster (2012, May 27)

Dans le contexte de valorisation de la biodiversité avicole, ce travail se propose de poser les bases d’une réhabilitation des poules locales Vietnamiennes, particulièrement adaptées aux conditions ... [more ▼]

Dans le contexte de valorisation de la biodiversité avicole, ce travail se propose de poser les bases d’une réhabilitation des poules locales Vietnamiennes, particulièrement adaptées aux conditions d’élevage peu intensives de ce pays. La grande importance socioéconomique et culturelle de ces races pourrait être renforcée et exploitée à des fins de développement rural par la promotion de filières de qualités différenciées. De telles évolutions nécessitent de caractériser le potentiel de production de ces races sur le plan qualitatif. Cette étude a pour objectif l’étude de la qualité des œufs des races de poules vietnamiennes Ri et Mia. La première est la poule la plus répandue au Vietnam et la deuxième est une race menacée d’extinction. Dix neuf caractères de qualité externe et interne de 90 œufs de la poule Ri et 60 œufs de la poule Mia ont été mesurés à 40 et à 60 semaines. Le poids entier moyen des œufs de la Mia (44,70g) était significativement (p<0,001) supérieur à celui de la poule Ri (41,68g). Le rapport jaune/blanc n’était pas significativement (p>0,05) différent à l’âge de 40 semaines (Ri : 0,55 ; Mia : 0,58). À l’âge de 60 semaines, ce rapport devient significativement supérieur pour les œufs Mia alors que celui des œufs Ri (0,64 vs. 0,57 ; p<0,05). Aucune différence significative (p>0,05) n’a été enregistrée entre les deux races pour les paramètres de fraîcheur des œufs (unités d’Haugh et pH des blancs et des jaunes) et de résistance des coquilles (force maximale de rupture). Malgré le faible effectif de cette étude, des différences significatives entre les performances de production ont été observées entre ces deux races phénotypiquement et génotypiquement proches. [less ▲]

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See detailComparison of the effect of learning to read in English or in Dutch on the acquisition of the French orthographic code in French-speaking children attending immersion school programs.
Binamé, Florence ULg; Poncelet, Martine ULg; Guyon, Charline

Poster (2012, May 10)

Most of the children attending bilingual immersion school programs in the French Community of Belgium learn to read in the immersion language before learning to read in their native language. This study ... [more ▼]

Most of the children attending bilingual immersion school programs in the French Community of Belgium learn to read in the immersion language before learning to read in their native language. This study aimed to explore the effect of learning to read in a second language having a transparent (Dutch) versus an opaque (English) orthographic code, on the later acquisition of French spelling. Because literacy acquisition depends on the orthographic depth of the code, the hypothesis is that learning to spell in a transparent language such as Dutch would promote the acquisition of the more opaque French spelling, by transferring the phonological recoding process. Contrariwise, the acquisition of French spelling would be less easy if learners were first immersed in very opaque spelling such as English. Participants were 182 third and fourth-graders immersed in Dutch or English, and monolingual French speakers (control group). Their French spelling skills were tested by words and non-words dictation. Results showed that the performance of Dutch immersed children was not significantly inferior to controls, which is not the case for English immersed children. This corroborates the fact that learning to spell in a more transparent orthographic code than French has a subsequent benefit on its acquisition. [less ▲]

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