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Scientific conference (2013)

(111)Indium-oxine labelling for evaluating the homing process of autologous osteoblasts implanted percutaneously in atrophic nonunion fractures.

in International Orthopaedics (2013), 37(1), 131-6

PURPOSE: The aim of the study was to control the in vivo localisation of implanted cells in cell-based therapies. Labelling cells with (111)indium-oxine is one of the most interesting methods proposed. We ... [more ▼]

PURPOSE: The aim of the study was to control the in vivo localisation of implanted cells in cell-based therapies. Labelling cells with (111)indium-oxine is one of the most interesting methods proposed. We evaluated this method in the setting of autologous osteoblast implantation in nonunion fractures. METHODS: An in vitro study of osteoblasts was conducted after (111)indium-oxine labelling. Radioactivity retention and viability, proliferation and the ability to produce alkaline phosphatase were evaluated in a seven-day culture. In vivo labelling of implanted osteoblastic cells was conducted during a therapeutic trial of atrophic nonunion fractures, with the leakage outside the nonunion site and local uptake evolution at four, 24 and 48 hour being studied. RESULTS: The mean labelling efficiency for osteoprogenitors was 78.8 +/- 4.6 %. The intracellular retention was 89.4 +/- 2.1 % at three hours and 67.3 +/- 4.7 % at 18 hours. The viability assessed at three hours was 93.7 +/- 0.6 %. After seven days of culture, morphology and alkaline phosphatase staining were similar for both labelled and unlabelled control cells, although the proliferation rate was decreased in the labelled cells. Some local intraosseous leakage was observed in four of 17 cases. All patients showed uptake at the injection site, with four having no other uptake. Four patients showed additional uptake in the bladder, liver and spleen, while 11 patients had additional uptake in the lungs in addition to the bladder, liver and spleen. The activity ratios (injection site/body) were 48 +/- 28 % at four hours, 40 +/- 25 % at 24 hours and 35 +/- 25 % at 48 hours. After correcting for decay, the activity within the injection site was 82 +/- 15 % at 24 hours and 69 +/- 11 % at 48 hours compared with the activity measured at four hours. No relationship was found between uptake and radiological bone repair. CONCLUSIONS: The (111)indium-oxine labelling appears to be a good method for monitoring the behaviour of the osteoblastic cells after their implantation in atrophic nonunion fractures. [less ▲]

Cues from introduced fish alter shelter use and feeding behaviour in adult alpine newts

in Ethology (2013), 119(2), 121-129

Amphibians are particularly affected by alien fish introductions and are declining worldwide. However, the behavioural mechanisms behind the observed cases of coexistence and exclusion patterns between ... [more ▼]

Amphibians are particularly affected by alien fish introductions and are declining worldwide. However, the behavioural mechanisms behind the observed cases of coexistence and exclusion patterns between adult amphibians and fish are poorly understood. In the present study, we aimed at testing the hypothesis that adult newts display different feeding and space use behaviour in the presence of fish cues (i.e. access less food resources and use more shelters than when fish cues are absent). To achieve this we measured behavioural patterns in 100 adult Alpine newts (Mesotriton alpestris) in a replicated laboratory design (20 tanks × 7 replicates across time). Half of trials involved individuals in indirect (visual and olfactory) contact with goldfish (Carassius auratus), a non-predatory species for adult newts. In the presence of fish, significantly more newts hid under shelters than in their absence, but this difference decreased over time. A lower number of newts fed in comparison with controls. These results show that newts responded to fish presence even in the absence of direct contact, but the differences were small. Newts decreased vital activities such as exploration of open areas and feeding. They also adjusted shelter use over time, suggesting a process of habituation or a risk assessment in the absence of direct risk. These results reveal that exploring behavioural patterns can aid in understanding the causes of exclusion and coexistence patterns between fish and amphibians. [less ▲]

The susceptibility of the knee extensors to eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage is not affected by leg dominance but by exercise order .

in Clinical Physiology & Functional Imaging (2013)

The aims of this study were first to compare the response of dominant and non-dominant legs to eccentric exercise and second, to examine whether there is an effect of exercise order on the magnitude of ... [more ▼]

The aims of this study were first to compare the response of dominant and non-dominant legs to eccentric exercise and second, to examine whether there is an effect of exercise order on the magnitude of symptoms associated with intense eccentric protocols. Eighteen young men performed 3 sets of 30 maximal eccentric isokinetic (60°.sec-1) contractions of the knee extensors (range of motion, ROM: 0°-100°, 0=full extension) using either dominant or nondominant leg. They repeated a similar eccentric bout using the contralateral leg six weeks later. The sequence of leg’s use was allocated to create equally balanced groups. Four indirect markers of muscle damage including subjective pain intensity, maximal isometric strength, muscle stiffness and plasma CK activity were measured before and 24 hours after exercise. All markers changed significantly following the eccentric bout performed either by dominant or non-dominant legs but no significant difference was observed between legs. Interestingly, the comparison between the first and second eccentric bouts revealed that muscle soreness (-42%, p<0.001), CK activity (-62%, p<0.05) and strength loss (-54%, p<0.01) were significantly lower after the second bout. This study suggests that leg dominance does not influence the magnitude of exercise-induced muscle damage and supports for the first time the existence of a contralateral protection against exercise-induced muscle damage in the lower limbs. [less ▲]

La filiation issue d'une gestation pour autrui Quelles règles de droit international privé pour la Belgique?

in Sosson, Jehanne; Schamps, Geneviève (Eds.) La gestation pour autrui : vers un encadrement? (2013)

Les questions de droit international privé intéressant la gestation pour autrui suscitent un intérêt croissant ces dernières années. Le regain d'attention portée à la gestation pour autrui (GPA) s ... [more ▼]

Les questions de droit international privé intéressant la gestation pour autrui suscitent un intérêt croissant ces dernières années. Le regain d'attention portée à la gestation pour autrui (GPA) s'explique sans doute pour partie par la multiplication des espèces soumises aux cours et tribunaux. Comme dans d'autres pays, ces développements ont retenu l'attention du législateur belge. La gestation pour autrui fait en Belgique l'objet de différentes propositions de loi. L'examen des différentes propositions de loi révèle que les questions de droit international privé n'ont pas retenu, ou en tout cas pas de façon substantielle, l'attention de leurs auteurs. La présente contribution se propose d'examiner quelles pistes de solution le législateur belge pourrait emprunter s'il souhaite envisager les questions de droit international privé. Elle s'appuiera sur les différentes décisions prononcées récemment par les juridictions belges. Avant de s'interroger sur la forme que pourrait prendre une éventuelle règle de droit international privé en matière de gestation pour autrui, la contribution précisera l'influence que peut exercer le droit interne sur cette règle. [less ▲]

Neonates show transient and incomplete anti-inflammatory response to cardiac surgery

Conference (2013)

Equivalence of a single dose (1200 mg) compared to a three-time a day dose (400 mg) of chondroitin 4&6 sulfate in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Results of a randomized double blind placebo controlled study.

in Osteoarthritis and Cartilage (2013), 21(1), 22-27

OBJECTIVE: Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of a single oral dose of a 1200 mg sachet of chondroitin 4&6 sulfate (CS 1200) vs three daily capsules of chondroitin 4&6 sulfate 400 mg (CS 3*400 ... [more ▼]

OBJECTIVE: Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of a single oral dose of a 1200 mg sachet of chondroitin 4&6 sulfate (CS 1200) vs three daily capsules of chondroitin 4&6 sulfate 400 mg (CS 3*400) (equivalence study) and vs placebo (superiority study) during 3 months, in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA). DESIGN: Comparative, double-blind, randomized, multicenter study, including 353 patients of both genders over 45 years with knee OA. Minimum inclusion criteria were a Lequesne index (LI) >/= 7 and pain >/= 40 mm on a visual analogue scale (VAS). LI and VAS were assessed at baseline and after 1-3 months. Equivalence between CS was tested using the per-protocol procedure and superiority of CS vs placebo was tested using an intent-to-treat procedure. RESULTS: After 3 months of follow-up, no significant difference was demonstrated between the oral daily single dose of CS 1200 formulation and the three daily capsules of CS 400. Patients treated with CS 1200 or CS 3*400 were significantly improved compared to placebo after 3 months of follow-up in terms of LI (<0.001) and VAS (P < 0.01). No significant difference in terms of security and tolerability was observed between the three groups. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that a daily administration of an oral sachet of 1200 mg of chondroitin 4&6 sulfate allows a significant clinical improvement compared to a placebo, and a similar improvement when compared to a regimen of three daily capsules of 400 mg of the same active ingredient. [less ▲]

A Diffraction Model for Acoustical Ray-Tracing Based on the Energy Flow Lines Concept

in Acta Acustica United with Acustica (2013), 99

Geometrical acoustics models are currently the most popular prediction tools in room-acoustics due to their low computing load. However, they seldom take into account the diffraction occurring at free ... [more ▼]

Geometrical acoustics models are currently the most popular prediction tools in room-acoustics due to their low computing load. However, they seldom take into account the diffraction occurring at free edges. Moreover, the existing diffraction models implemented in geometrical acoustics algorithms are either limited to specularly reflected paths or either present excessive computation load. Recently, a diffraction model based on an approximation of the far-field direction of the Poynting’s vector around half-planes has been introduced for computing the scattering due to faceted dielectric objects. In this article, this model is developed to handle obliquely incident waves and is implemented within an acoustic ray-tracing software using the analogy between the Poynting’s and the acoustic intensity vectors. The proposed model can handle both diffuse and specular reflections and sets no limit in terms of reflection or diffraction order. The first results obtained by ray-tracing agree well with the uniform theory of diffraction and the boundary elements method for single and double diffraction problems even if the interference effects are neglected and as long as the number of emitted rays is sufficient. Moreover, the additional computation load to handle diffraction is shown to be low compared to the one from a classical ray-tracing algorithm. [less ▲]

Behaviours Associated with Acoustic Communication in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

in PLoS ONE (2013), 8(4), 61467

COMPARATIVE MORPHOLOGICAL STUDIES ON SOME SPECIES OF THE GENUS FUMARIA

in Farmacia (2013), (2),