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See detailGestion des déchets B&C: L’assise sociétale de la solution de gestion des déchets radioactifs B et C et du combustible usé en droit
Paile, Sylvain ULg; Fallon, Catherine ULg; Parotte, Céline ULg

Report (2013)

Alors que la recherche d’une solution de gestion à long terme des déchets B&C, au moment où débute cette étude, est dans sa phase stratégique, le Plan Déchet ayant été adopté, l’ONDRAF cherche à ... [more ▼]

Alors que la recherche d’une solution de gestion à long terme des déchets B&C, au moment où débute cette étude, est dans sa phase stratégique, le Plan Déchet ayant été adopté, l’ONDRAF cherche à construire et planifier le dialogue sociétal que l’organisme tient à maintenir et entretenir dans le processus qui devra aboutir à une décision quant à une solution de gestion, finalement concrétisée par une installation de stockage définitif sur le territoire belge. Afin de l’« ancrer » dans le temps, le temps étant une composante fondamentale de la recherche de solution(s) de gestion à long terme de déchets car cette entreprise peut s’étendre sur des décennies, et d’anticiper les changements d’interlocuteurs qui surviendront de manière certaine dans le cours du processus de décision, il est apparu nécessaire d’inscrire ce dialogue participatif entre la société et l’autorité dans le cadre stable du droit. L’axe 5 de cette recherche vise à étudier les relations entre le droit et la participation sociétale dans la décision. La démarche consiste à effectuer, dans un premier temps, un état de l’art du droit applicable à l’enjeu de création et de maintien d’une assise sociétale pour une solution définitive de gestion des déchets radioactifs et du combustible usé, qui puisse permettre, dans un second temps, de formuler des recommandations éventuelles ou des changements désirables afin d’optimiser l’« efficacité sociale » du processus décisionnel de la solution de gestion des déchets radioactifs B&C et du combustible usé. [less ▲]

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See detailGestion des déchets B&C: le processus décisionnel; du Plan Déchets au projet
Zwetkoff, Catherine ULg; Fallon, Catherine ULg; Parotte, Céline ULg

Report (2013)

Ce rapport de recherche porte sur le scénario du processus décisionnel en matière de gestion des déchets B&C en rapport avec la traduction du Plan Déchets en projet d’implantation. Cette traduction ... [more ▼]

Ce rapport de recherche porte sur le scénario du processus décisionnel en matière de gestion des déchets B&C en rapport avec la traduction du Plan Déchets en projet d’implantation. Cette traduction implique une contextualisation du plan « théorique » sous forme de projet - sélection du site d’implantation, mise en œuvre (chantier matériel et immatériel) et fonctionnement en routine. Elle pose la question de la construction sociale de la légitimité du plan existant et celle du projet à venir. [less ▲]

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See detailGestion des déchets B&C: Processus socio-politiques et Gestion de Plan en univers controversé. Application au Plan de gestion à long terme des déchets B&C. Rapport de Synthèse
Fallon, Catherine ULg; Zwetkoff, Catherine ULg; Van Berendoncks, Kris et al

Report (2013)

Ce document est le rapport de synthèse qui clôture le projet ONDRAF (2012). Le présent rapport propose un double regard : prospectif et rétrospectif. La première partie, prospective, se compose de deux ... [more ▼]

Ce document est le rapport de synthèse qui clôture le projet ONDRAF (2012). Le présent rapport propose un double regard : prospectif et rétrospectif. La première partie, prospective, se compose de deux chapitres. Le premier chapitre - rédigé sur base du rapport de S. Paile - analyse les degrés de liberté que laisse le cadre du droit pour la définition des étapes du processus décisionnel que les autorités doivent définir pour organiser la gestion à très long terme des déchets radioactifs B&C. Le chapitre 2 - rédigé sur base du rapport de C.Zwetkoff - sort du cadre du droit pour analyser les déterminants de la légitimité des décisions publiques en espace d'incertitude avant de proposer une première série de critères à respecter pour mettre en place un processus décisionnel à la fois efficace et légitime. La deuxième partie du rapport présente un regard rétrospectif sur les expériences des deux dernières années. D’abord, le chapitre 3 - rédigé sur base du rapport de K. Van Berendoncks - présente une analyse critique des étapes participatives déjà mises en œuvre par l'ONDRAF lors de la préparation du Plan Déchets 2011 : dans quelle mesure ces expériences ont-elles contribué à renforcer l'assise sociétale du processus décisionnel ? Ensuite, le chapitre 4 - rédigé sur base du rapport de C.Parotte - met en perspective la teneur des débats présents dans les médias écrits des deux grandes communautés du pays. Cette partie se termine sur une analyse comparative internationale des processus décisionnels, qui mobilise le cadre de référence mis au point pour l'étude des processus participatifs de l'ONDRAF en Belgique pour tirer parti des expériences étrangères, en analysant les processus décisionnels participatifs en France, en Suisse et en Grande Bretagne. [less ▲]

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See detailA Verification-Based Approach to Memory Fence Insertion in PSO Memory Systems
Linden, Alexander ULg; Wolper, Pierre ULg

in Proceedings of the 19th international conference on Tools and algorithms for the construction and analysis of systems (2013, March)

This paper addresses the problem of verifying and correcting programs when they are moved from a sequential consistency execution environment to a relaxed memory context. Specifically, it considers the ... [more ▼]

This paper addresses the problem of verifying and correcting programs when they are moved from a sequential consistency execution environment to a relaxed memory context. Specifically, it considers the PSO (Partial Store Order) memory model, which corresponds to the use of a store buffer for each shared variable and each process. We also will consider, as an intermediate step, the TSO (Total Store Order) memory model, which corresponds to the use of one store buffer per process. The proposed approach extends a previously developed verification tool that uses finite automata to symbolically represent the possible contents of the store buffers. Its starting point is a program that is correct for the usual Sequential Consistency (SC) memory model, but that might be incorrect under PSO with respect to safety properties. This program is then first analyzed and corrected for the TSO memory model, and then this TSO-safe program is analyzed and corrected under PSO, producing a PSO-safe program. To obtain a TSO-safe program, only store-load fences (TSO only allows store-load relaxations) are introduced into the program. Finaly, to produce a PSO-safe program, only store-store fences (PSO additionally allows store-store relaxations) are introduced. An advantage of our technique is that the underlying symbolic verification tool makes a full exploration of program behaviors possible even for cyclic programs, which makes our approach broadly applicable. The method has been tested with an experimental implementation and can effectively handle a series of classical examples. [less ▲]

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See detailAn overview of white dwarf stars
Fontaine, Gilles; Brassard, Pierre; Charpinet, Stéphane et al

in EPJ Web of Conferences (2013, March), 43

We present a brief summary of what is currently known about white dwarf stars, with an emphasis on their evolutionary and internal properties. As is well known, white dwarfs represent the end products of ... [more ▼]

We present a brief summary of what is currently known about white dwarf stars, with an emphasis on their evolutionary and internal properties. As is well known, white dwarfs represent the end products of stellar evolution for the vast majority of stars and, as such, bear the signatures of past events (such as mass loss, mixing phases, loss and redistribution of angular momentum, and thermonuclear burning) that are of essential importance in the evolution of stars in general. In addition, white dwarf stars represent ideal testbeds for our understanding of matter under extreme conditions, and work on their constitutive physics (neutrino production rates, conductive and radiative opacities, interior liquid/solid equations of state, partially ionized and partially degenerate envelope equations of state, diffusion coefficients, line broadening mechanisms) is still being actively pursued. Given a set of constitutive physics, cooling white dwarfs can be used advantageously as cosmochronometers. Moreover, the field has been blessed by the existence of four distinct families of pulsating white dwarfs, each mapping a different evolutionary phase, and this allows the application of the asteroseismological method to probe and test their internal structure and evolutionary state. We set the stage for the reviews that follow on cooling white dwarfs as cosmochronometers and physics laboratories, as well as on the properties of pulsating white dwarfs and the asteroseismological results that can be inferred. [less ▲]

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See detail(Bio)-amphiphilic compounds as biohybrid materials: the case of peptidolipids and glycolipids
Razafindralambo, Hary ULg

Conference (2013, March)

(Bio)-hybrid compounds are constituted by at least two distinct classes of component covalently linked within the same structure. Amphiphilic compounds of peptide- and oligosaccharide-lipid groups are ... [more ▼]

(Bio)-hybrid compounds are constituted by at least two distinct classes of component covalently linked within the same structure. Amphiphilic compounds of peptide- and oligosaccharide-lipid groups are among representatives bio-hybrid molecules with increasing interests since each of them contains two entities belonging to important categories of biological molecules like proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids. The strength of such compounds is by far their possibility to exhibit multifunctional properties and activities, specifically developed by each of these three biomolecule classes. In addition, their intermediate size with regard to small and large molecular structures may present certain undeniably advantages, for instance, a lower diffusivity and a greater solubility in aqueous solution compared to small and polymeric surfactants, respectively. In this paper, the case of peptide and carbohydrate-based surfactants containing a linear series of alkyl fats will be presented and discussed regarding to interfacial properties, colloidal stabilities, and biological activities with the perspective of getting more efficient hybrid compounds by rational design approaches. [less ▲]

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See detailAsteroseismology of hot B subdwarf stars
Charpinet, Stéphane; Van Grootel, Valérie ULg; Brassard, Pierre et al

in EPJ Web of Conferences (2013, March), 43

Nonradial pulsations in Extreme Horizontal Branch stars (also known as hot B subdwarfs or sdB stars) offer strong opportunities to study through asteroseismology the structure and internal dynamics of ... [more ▼]

Nonradial pulsations in Extreme Horizontal Branch stars (also known as hot B subdwarfs or sdB stars) offer strong opportunities to study through asteroseismology the structure and internal dynamics of stars in this intermediate stage of stellar evolution. Most sdB stars directly descend from former red giants and are expected to evolve straight into white dwarfs after core helium exhaustion. They thus represent the most direct link between these two stages. Their properties should therefore reflect both the outcome of the core evolution of red giant stars and the initial state for a fraction of the white dwarfs. We review the status of this field after a decade of efforts to exploit both p-mode and g-mode pulsating sdB stars as asteroseismic laboratories. From the discoveries of these two classes of pulsators in 1997 and 2003, respectively, up to the current epoch of data gathering of unprecedented quality from space, a lot of progress has been made in this area and prospects for future achievements look very promising. [less ▲]

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See detailDevelopment of advanced models for transition to turbulence in hypersonic flows and prediction of transition under uncertainties
Serino, Gennaro ULg; Terrapon, Vincent ULg; Magin, Thierry et al

in Serino, Gennaro (Ed.) Review of the VKI Doctoral Research 2012-2013 (2013, March)

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See detailThe empirical mass distribution of hot B subdwarfs: implications for stellar evolution theory
Van Grootel, Valérie ULg; Fontaine, Gilles; Charpinet, Stéphane et al

in EPJ Web of Conferences (2013, March), 43

Subdwarf B (sdB) stars are hot, compact, and evolved objects that form the very hot end of the horizontal branch, the so-called Extreme Horizontal Branch (EHB). Understanding the formation of sdB stars is ... [more ▼]

Subdwarf B (sdB) stars are hot, compact, and evolved objects that form the very hot end of the horizontal branch, the so-called Extreme Horizontal Branch (EHB). Understanding the formation of sdB stars is one of the remaining challenges of stellar evo- lution theory. Several scenarios have been proposed to account for the existence of such objects, made of He-burning core surrounded by very thin H-rich envelope. They give quite different theoretical mass distributions for the resulting sdB stars. Detailed astero- seismic analyses, including mass estimates, of 15 pulsating hot B subdwarfs have been published since a decade. The masses have also been reliably determined by light curve modeling and spectroscopy for 7 sdB components of eclipsing and/or reflection effect binaries. These empirical mass distributions, although based on small-number statistics, can be compared with the expectations of stellar evolution theory. In particular, the two He white dwarfs merger scenario does not seem to be the dominant channel to form iso- lated sdB stars, while the post-red giant branch scenario is reinforced. This opens new questions on extreme mass loss of red giants to form EHB stars, possibly in connection with the recently discovered close substellar companions and planets orbiting sdB stars. [less ▲]

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See detailL'apport de l'analyse biomécanique 3-D dans les stratégies préventives à partir de 2 exemples
Schwartz, Cédric ULg; Croisier, Jean-Louis ULg; Tubez, François ULg et al

in Julia, M; Croisier, Jean-Louis; Perrey, S (Eds.) et al Prévention des troubles musculo-squelettiques chez le sportif (2013)

De nouveaux outils de mesure permettent de quantifier la cinématique et la dynamique articulaire fonctionnelle des athlètes (systèmes optoélectroniques 3D, plateforme de forces, électromyographie, …). Ces ... [more ▼]

De nouveaux outils de mesure permettent de quantifier la cinématique et la dynamique articulaire fonctionnelle des athlètes (systèmes optoélectroniques 3D, plateforme de forces, électromyographie, …). Ces données sont importantes dans le sens où elles donnent à l’équipe médicale et sportive des informations objectives sur le geste du sportif dans sa pratique réelle. Elles favorisent la compréhension et l’amélioration de la performance ainsi que la prévention lésionnelle et la détection de situations à risque. Dans le cadre d’un suivi longitudinal des sportifs, ces mesures sont intéressantes pour mettre en place des critères objectifs et spécifiques à l’athlète de retour sur le terrain après une blessure. Ce document a pour objectif de présenter les principaux outils disponibles dans les laboratoires de biomécanique et d’illustrer leurs utilisations à travers 2 exemples : l’influence de la raideur de l’épaule sur la mobilité de l’épaule et l’analyse cinématique du service au tennis. [less ▲]

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See detailApplication pratique du concept de charge de travail au sein d'un club de football professionnel
Rodriguez de la Cruz, Carlos ULg; Croisier, Jean-Louis ULg; Vervier, J. et al

in Prévention des troubles musculo-squelettiques chez le sportif (2013)

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See detailRelationships between the P status of surface and deep horizons of agricultural soils under various cropping systems and for different soil types: a case study in Belgium
Renneson, Malorie ULg; Dufey, J.; Legrain, Xavier ULg et al

in Soil Use and Management (2013), 29(S1), 103--113

Application of phosphorus (P) fertilizers to agricultural soils should be based on sound knowledge about soil P reserves, availability and lability to optimize conditions for plant uptake while limiting P ... [more ▼]

Application of phosphorus (P) fertilizers to agricultural soils should be based on sound knowledge about soil P reserves, availability and lability to optimize conditions for plant uptake while limiting P transport to surface waters. This study investigated relationships between parent material (PM), land use and P fractions in agricultural soils at a regional scale. Surface and deep (100–120 cm) soil samples were collected from 120 agricultural sites (240 total samples) and analysed for three P forms (inorganic, organic and available) as well as for additional key properties. Land uses within the study area were continuous cropland, permanent pasture and temporary grassland. The area covered the 12 most common parent types in Wallonia. Mean total P contents were 904 and 401 mg/kg in surface and deep samples, respectively, with a 33% coefficient of variation for both horizons. The organic P fraction represented, on average, 30% of total P, while available P corresponded to 9% of total P. The influence of PM was apparent in both the surface and deep soil samples, while land use influenced only surface properties. The pattern in total P content relative to land use was pasture ≥ cropland ≥ temporary grassland. Correlation analyses highlighted significant relationships between edaphic parameters viz Alox, Feox, CEC, TOC, pH and P content, the main soil parameter being Alox which determines P sorption capacity. An enrichment factor was used to distinguish between geogenic sources and human activities in terms of topsoil P content. [less ▲]

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See detailLa lésion musculaire des ischio-jambiers
Delvaux, François ULg; Rochcongar, Pierre; Ferret, JM et al

in Prévention des troubles musculo-squelettiques chez le sportif (2013)

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See detailAspects spécifiques des démarches préventives chez le jeune sportif
Frisch, Anne; Theisen, Daniel; Krecké, Roland et al

in Prévention des troubles musculo-squelettiques chez le sportif (2013)

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See detailFacteurs de risque : composantes extrinsèques et intrinsèques
Theisen, Daniel; Frisch, Anne; Croisier, Jean-Louis ULg et al

in Prévention des troubles musculo-squelettiques chez le sportif (2013)

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See detailL'équilibre de force musculaire agonistes / antagonistes
Croisier, Jean-Louis ULg; Delvaux, François ULg; Kaux, Jean-François ULg et al

in Prévention des troubles musculo-squelettiques chez le sportif (2013)

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See detailApproche préventive de la lésion d'épaule chez le sportif
Forthomme, Bénédicte ULg; Gleizes-Cervera, S; Delvaux, François ULg et al

in Prévention des troubles musculo-squelettiques chez le sportif (2013)

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See detailMulti-method monitoring of odor emissions in agricultural biogas facilities.
Nicolas, Jacques ULg; Adam, Gilles ULg; Ubeda, Yolanda et al

in Proceedings of the 5th IWA conference on odours and air emissions, San Francisco, USA, March, 4-7, 2013 (2013, March)

The production of farm-based biogas and electricity is an area of alternative-energy interest to many livestock producers. However, it is still insignificant in comparison to the maximum potential of ... [more ▼]

The production of farm-based biogas and electricity is an area of alternative-energy interest to many livestock producers. However, it is still insignificant in comparison to the maximum potential of farms all over the world. Market penetration should involve better confidence in the technique and better understanding of its possible assets and limits. For instance, is the environmental impact of biomethanation positive or negative? What are the possible ways to avoid or to control process imbalances? In the context of a European project, the research group attempted to tackle those questions under the angle of gas emission and more particularly of odor annoyance. A multi-method approach was applied to monitor biogas and odor emissions, both at the laboratory level on pilot plants and at real scale in 4 agricultural biogas facilities, in Belgium, Luxembourg, France and Germany. Results show that digested material is generally less odorant than crude manure or slurry, while preserving all the amendment and fertilizing qualities of the original material. Possible annoyance of agricultural biogas facilities in the surroundings remains limited and can be solved through simple techniques. [less ▲]

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See detailLe travail excentrique : aspects musculaires et tendineux
Kaux, Jean-François ULg; Hody, Stéphanie ULg; Forthomme, Bénédicte ULg et al

in Prévention des troubles musculo-squelettiques chez le sportif (2013)

Detailed reference viewed: 55 (19 ULg)