Plantes Médicinales Antipaludiques de l'île de la Réunion

Conference (2012, November 06)

L'accompagnement des séniors

Speech (2012)

La Palme d’or de Michael Haneke s’est imposée avec une flamboyante évidence à Cannes cette année. Beaucoup plus qu’une oeuvre cinématographique : un art, une invitation vibrante à se sublimer… La ... [more ▼]

La Palme d’or de Michael Haneke s’est imposée avec une flamboyante évidence à Cannes cette année. Beaucoup plus qu’une oeuvre cinématographique : un art, une invitation vibrante à se sublimer… La projection sera suivie d'une rencontre : « L'accompagnement des seniors » Avec le Professeur Jean Petermans, chef de service en gériatrie au CHU et Dorothée Feyers et Pierre Missotten, psychologues. "Amour" - un film de M. Haneke Musiciens à la retraite, Anne (Emmanuelle Riva) et Georges (Jean-Louis Trintignant) coulent des jours paisibles dans leur appartement parisien. On se fond avec plaisir dans leur intimité. À plus de 80 ans, ils ont du tact, une élégance naturelle, de la vivacité d’esprit et de la complicité chaleureuse. Le flux heureux de leur quotidien est brutalement interrompu par un accident vasculaire qui laisse Anne paralysée du côté droit. Georges va affronter la lente mais inéluctable dégradation de sa femme En sortant de la projection, au festival de Cannes, on avait la certitude que le film allait remporter la Palme. Mais cela nous semblait anodin à côté de la puissance dévastatrice de l’œuvre. On trouvait difficilement nos mots car le film nous avait transportés dans un territoire où il n’était plus question de goûts et couleurs ou de partis pris artistiques. Amour nous installe face à notre destinée, aborde notre décrépitude, notre cheminement vers l’agonie, la douleur, la déchéance. Mais en même temps, il évoque en permanence notre capacité à transcender les affres de l’existence grâce à l’amour et au don de soi. Ce film n’est évidemment pas une partie de franche rigolade. Mais il vous fera chavirer par sa force d’émotion, inscrite dans la chair des acteurs, par sa manière d’aller au cœur de ses personnages, attentif au moindre geste. Le film ne cache jamais les affres de la maladie sans pour autant être voyeur. Ce qui intéresse Haneke, c’est l’interaction entre ses deux protagonistes principaux, c’est leur parole, les détails de cette relation amoureuse qui s’est construite pendant 60 ans. Quand Georges décide de soigner sa femme et de l’accompagner dans son agonie, loin des yeux indiscrets et de l’acharnement des hôpitaux, il est habité par une certaine forme de sainteté ; une sainteté résolument terrestre, habitée par l’amour, le doute, la rage d’être impuissant. À la sempiternelle question de savoir si une œuvre d’art peut changer le monde, on répondra que des films de ce calibre nous invite à mieux vivre, tout simplement. (source : Les Grignoux) Réalisateur : Michael Haneke Acteurs : Emmanuelle Riva, Jean-Louis Trintignant, Isabelle Huppert Origine : France/Allemagne/Autriche Année : 2012 Durée : 2 h 06 Distributeur : Cinéart Version : Film parlant français Palme d’or - Festival de Cannes 2012 Infos pratiques : - 05.11 - 19h45 - Cinéma Sauvenière - Place en prévente au tarif habituel aux Cinémas Les Grignoux (Sauvenière / Parc / Churchill) [less ▲]

Quand la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme préserve le Conseil de sécurité au détriment de la Suisse

in Journal des Tribunaux (2012), 131(6495), 729-731

Observations sous CEDH (Grande Ch.), Nada c. Suisse, requête No. 10593/08, arrêt du 12 septembre 2012.

L’accompagnement professionnel à la lumière des enjeux de diversité

Conference given outside the academic context (2012)

Ordinal Rating of Network Performance and Inference by Matrix Completion

Report (2012)

This paper addresses the large-scale acquisition of end-to-end network performance. We made two distinct contributions: ordinal rating of network performance and inference by matrix completion. The former ... [more ▼]

This paper addresses the large-scale acquisition of end-to-end network performance. We made two distinct contributions: ordinal rating of network performance and inference by matrix completion. The former reduces measurement costs and unifies various metrics which eases their processing in applications. The latter enables scalable and accurate inference with no requirement of structural information of the network nor geometric constraints. By combining both, the acquisition problem bears strong similarities to recommender systems. This paper investigates the applicability of various matrix factorization models used in recommender systems. We found that the simple regularized matrix factorization is not only practical but also produces accurate results that are beneficial for peer selection. [less ▲]

Multisite spectroscopic seismic study of the β Cep star V2052 Ophiuchi: inhibition of mixing by its magnetic field

in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society (2012), 427

We used extensive ground-based multisite and archival spectroscopy to derive observational constraints for a seismic modelling of the magnetic β Cep star V2052 Ophiuchi. The line-profile variability is ... [more ▼]

We used extensive ground-based multisite and archival spectroscopy to derive observational constraints for a seismic modelling of the magnetic β Cep star V2052 Ophiuchi. The line-profile variability is dominated by a radial mode (f1 = 7.148 46 d-1) and by rotational modulation (P_rot = 3.638 833 d). Two non-radial low-amplitude modes (f2 = 7.756 03 d-1 and f3 = 6.823 08 d-1) are also detected. The four periodicities that we found are the same as the ones discovered from a companion multisite photometric campaign and known in the literature. Using the photometric constraints on the degrees ℓ of the pulsation modes, we show that both f_2 and f_3 are prograde modes with (ℓ, m) = (4, 2) or (4, 3). These results allowed us to deduce ranges for the mass (M ∈ [8.2, 9.6] M_sun) and central hydrogen abundance (X_c ∈ [0.25, 0.32]) of V2052 Oph, to identify the radial orders n1 = 1, n2 = -3 and n3 = -2, and to derive an equatorial rotation velocity v_eq ∈ [71, 75] km s-1. The model parameters are in full agreement with the effective temperature and surface gravity deduced from spectroscopy. Only models with no or mild core overshooting (α_ov ∈ [0, 0.15] local pressure scale heights) can account for the observed properties. Such a low overshooting is opposite to our previous modelling results for the non-magnetic β Cep star θ Oph having very similar parameters, except for a slower surface rotation rate. We discuss whether this result can be explained by the presence of a magnetic field in V2052 Oph that inhibits mixing in its interior. [less ▲]

Magnetic fields of HgMn stars

in Astronomy and Astrophysics (2012), 547

Context. The frequent presence of weak magnetic fields on the surface of spotted late-B stars with HgMn peculiarity in binary systems has been controversial during the two last decades. Recent studies of ... [more ▼]

Context. The frequent presence of weak magnetic fields on the surface of spotted late-B stars with HgMn peculiarity in binary systems has been controversial during the two last decades. Recent studies of magnetic fields in these stars using the least-squares deconvolution (LSD) technique have failed to detect magnetic fields, indicating an upper limit on the longitudinal field between 8 and 15 G. In these LSD studies, assumptions were made that all spectral lines are identical in shape and can be described by a scaled mean profile. <BR /> Aims: We re-analyse the available spectropolarimetric material by applying the moment technique on spectral lines of inhomogeneously distributed elements separately. Furthermore, we present new determinations of the mean longitudinal magnetic field for the HgMn star HD 65949 and the hotter analog of HgMn stars, the PGa star HD 19400, using FORS 2 installed at the VLT. We also give new measurements of the eclipsing system AR Aur with a primary star of HgMn peculiarity, which were obtained with the SOFIN spectropolarimeter installed at the Nordic Optical Telescope. <BR /> Methods: We downloaded from the European Southern Observatory (ESO) archive the publically available HARPS spectra for eight HgMn stars and one normal and one superficially normal B-type star obtained in 2010. Out of this sample, three HgMn stars belong to spectroscopic double-lined systems. The application of the moment technique to the HARPS and SOFIN spectra allowed us to study the presence of the longitudinal magnetic field, the crossover effect, and quadratic magnetic fields. Results for the HgMn star HD 65949 and the PGa star HD 19400 are based on a linear regression analysis of low-resolution spectra obtained with FORS 2 in spectropolarimetric mode. <BR /> Results: Our measurements of the magnetic field with the moment technique using spectral lines of several elements separately reveal the presence of a weak longitudinal magnetic field, a quadratic magnetic field, and the crossover effect on the surface of several HgMn stars as well as normal and superficially normal B-type stars. Furthermore, our analysis suggests the existence of intriguing correlations between the strength of the magnetic field, abundance anomalies, and binary properties. The results are discussed in the context of possible mechanisms responsible for the development of the element patches and complex magnetic fields on the surface of late B-type stars. Based on observations obtained at the European Southern Observatory (ESO programmes 076.D-0169(A), 076.D-0172(A), 084.D-0338(A), 085.D-0296(A), 085.D-0296(B), 087.D-0049(A), 088.D-0284(A)), SOFIN observations at the 2.56 m Nordic Optical Telescope on La Palma, and observations obtained with the CORALIE Echelle Spectrograph on the 1.2 m Euler Swiss telescope on La Silla, Chile.Tables 2-7, 9, 10 are only available in electronic form at <A href="http://www.aanda.org">http://www.aanda.org</A> [less ▲]

The XMM-LSS catalogue: X-ray sources and associated multiwavelength data. Version II

in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society (2012)

We present the final release of the multi-wavelength XMM-LSS data set,covering the full survey area of 11.1 square degrees, with X-ray data processed with the latest XMM-LSS pipeline version. The present ... [more ▼]

We present the final release of the multi-wavelength XMM-LSS data set,covering the full survey area of 11.1 square degrees, with X-ray data processed with the latest XMM-LSS pipeline version. The present publication supersedes the Pierre et al.(2007) catalogue pertaining to the initial 5 square degrees. We provide X-ray source lists in the customary energy bands (0.5-2 and 2-10 keV) for a total of 6721 objects in the deep full-exposure catalogue and 5572 in the 10ks-limited one, above a detection likelihood of 15 in at least one band. We also provide a multiwavelength catalogue, cross-correlating our list with IR, NIR, optical and UV catalogues. Customary data products (X-ray FITS images, CFHTLS and SWIRE thumbnail images) are made available together with our interactively queriable database in Milan, while a static snapshot of the catalogues will be supplied to CDS, as soon as final acceptance is completed. [less ▲]

Developing national health sector monitoring and accountability platforms. The opportunity of IHP+ in Benin, Burkina Faso, Mali and Senegal

Conference (2012, November 01)

There is now growing consensus about the importance of building and strengthening national monitoring platforms in order to facilitate the evaluation of large-scale health programmes and initiatives in ... [more ▼]

There is now growing consensus about the importance of building and strengthening national monitoring platforms in order to facilitate the evaluation of large-scale health programmes and initiatives in low- and middle-income countries [see the paper published in 2010 in The Lancet by Victora et al.]. This is also crucial for improving accountability, which is defined by the United Nations' Commission on Information and Accountability for Women's and Children's Health as a cyclical process of monitoring, review, and (remedial) action. The International Health Partnership and related initiatives (IHP+), World Health Organization and other partners have recently developed guidelines to support country-led platforms for monitoring, evaluation and review of national health strategies. The national Compacts promoted in the framework of IHP+ offer an excellent opportunity to foster the development of such country-led platforms for information and accountability. Indeed, a Compact formalises the commitments of the recipient government and health sector partners to increase financing efforts in the health sector, to respect aid effectiveness principles and to support the national health policy and strategies in a common planning, coordination, and monitoring & evaluation framework. IHP+ is also closely connected to initiatives such as the Health Metrics Network that aims to improve the quality of health information in developing countries. We propose to analyse how the Ministries of Health in four Francophone Western African countries (Benin, Burkina Faso, Mali and Senegal) have seized the opportunity of IHP+ to strengthen their monitoring and accountability platforms, and assess what further actions could be taken in the future. We present a comparative analysis grid filled on the basis of the experience of the co-authors in supporting the process in the four countries. This composes the first step of an on-going research and experience sharing project supported by GRAP-PA Santé. [less ▲]

Contrasting Two Ways of Making Psychology: Brentano and Freud

Conference (2012, November 01)

Brentano’s views on psychology influenced the way philosophy was made at the beginning of the 20th century. But did this influence spread as far as to give place to Freud’s revolutionary discovery of the ... [more ▼]

Brentano’s views on psychology influenced the way philosophy was made at the beginning of the 20th century. But did this influence spread as far as to give place to Freud’s revolutionary discovery of the psychoanalytical unconscious? We know that Sigmund Freud attended enthusiastically Brentano’s lectures between 1874 and 1876. Yet, since Brentano’s name is never mentioned in Freud’s later, properly psychoanalytical writings, there is a very convincing argument for stating that Brentano had no lasting influence on Freud. Furthermore, Freud’s theory of the unconscious doesn’t seem to continue, but rather to oppose Brentano’s psychological views. Yet, as it was shown lately by a number of philosophers there are reasons to believe that Brentano had a profound influence on Freud. An attentive analysis of Freud’s vocabulary as well as his arguments against “philosophical” objections supports this point rather convincingly. However, Freud was not a philosopher and Brentano’s historical influence does not suffice to transform the Freudian unconscious in a philosophical concept. It is the purpose of this paper to sketch a way to make a philosophical use of Freud’s unconscious by reconstructing the dialogue between Brentano and Freud on a conceptual level. First, I will explain the differences between Brentano and Freud’s psychology. While Brentano and even the most original of his students thought the mind is entirely conscious, and they only called “unconscious” certain intermittences of this consciousness, Freud’s metapsychology rests on the supposition that the mind is primarily unconscious and it is consciousness that appears locally as a quality of certain mental events. In the second part of my paper I will show that this opposition is not as radical as it seems. Freud’s metapsychological supposition of an unconscious mind is not merely stated but proven by clinical facts. And these facts allow Freud to substitute a dynamic approach of the mental to a descriptive psychology of Brentanian inspiration: a mental state is only conscious because it becomes thus by passing from an unconscious to a conscious state. It is this change in the point of view that allows Freud to see mental events as processes rather than mere states. Thus, the results of Brentano’s descriptive psychology are not denied but rather completed by Freud’s dynamic theory of the unconscious. The purpose of this paper is thus to clarify not only Freud’s historical relation to Brentano, but also the relation of his metapsychology to Brentano’s descriptive psychology and to all psychology that takes Freud’s discovery of the unconscious seriously. Despite the explicit critique of the unconscious that we find in the Psychology from an Empirical Standpoint, I think that Freud never truly opposed Brentano. He rather took Brentano’s descriptive psychology a step further: he introduced a dynamic component to the analysis of the psyche that could throw light on the blind spots in Brentano’s psychology. [less ▲]