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See detailLa charge vocale : De sa quantification à l’étude de son impact sur la fonction phonatoire et sur la qualité vocale
Remacle, Angélique ULg

Doctoral thesis (2013)

Ce travail étudie la charge vocale principalement chez les enseignants. La prévalence élevée des troubles de la voix chez ces professionnels serait en partie liée aux trois facteurs principaux de charge ... [more ▼]

Ce travail étudie la charge vocale principalement chez les enseignants. La prévalence élevée des troubles de la voix chez ces professionnels serait en partie liée aux trois facteurs principaux de charge vocale que sont la durée de phonation, le niveau de pression sonore, et la fréquence vocale. Ces facteurs sont associés à des contraintes mécaniques appliquées aux plis vocaux lors de la vibration, potentiellement responsables de microtraumatismes du tissu, et participant au développement de lésions bénignes. Notre contribution intervient à deux niveaux d’étude de la charge vocale. Dans un premier temps, nous l’avons quantifiée en situation écologique dans une population d’enseignantes, en comparant deux niveaux de l’enseignement ordinaire belge : le maternel et le primaire. A cette fin, le comportement vocal de 12 enseignantes du maternel et de 20 enseignantes du primaire a été enregistré durant une semaine de travail, à l’aide d’un système de dosimétrie. Les objectifs étaient, d’une part, de déterminer les différences d’utilisation vocale selon le niveau d’enseignement, et d’autre part, de comparer l’utilisation vocale professionnelle et extra-professionnelle des enseignantes. Globalement, nos résultats montrent une charge vocale plus élevée en situation professionnelle qu’en situation extra-professionnelle. Par ailleurs, les enseignantes du maternel présentent une charge vocale plus élevée que celles du primaire, en termes de nombre de cycles vibratoires et de distance parcourue par les plis vocaux. Dans un deuxième temps, nous avons étudié l’impact de la charge vocale sur la fonction phonatoire et sur la qualité vocale en condition de laboratoire. Une première condition expérimentale avait pour but d’améliorer la compréhension des facteurs de durée et d’intensité de la charge vocale, en soumettant 50 femmes normophoniques à 2 heures de charge, réalisées à deux reprises en variant le niveau d’intensité. Une seconde condition expérimentale avait pour but de comparer les effets de 2 heures de charge chez 16 enseignantes normophoniques et 16 enseignantes dysphoniques. Les effets de la charge vocale ont été évalués à l’aide de mesures objectives et subjectives. Les principaux résultats montrent plus d’impact de la durée que de l’intensité de la charge sur les paramètres observés. Par ailleurs, peu de différences sont observées entre les deux groupes d’enseignantes au cours de la tâche de charge, suggérant que les enseignantes dysphoniques présentent une bonne résistance durant la charge. [less ▲]

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See detailDigital Holographic Interferometry with CO2 Lasers Applied to Aspheric Space Reflectors Testing
Georges, Marc ULg; Vandenrijt, Jean-François ULg; Thizy, Cédric ULg et al

Conference (2013, May)

Digital holographic interferometry at long infrared wavelengths allows monitoring large deformations of space reflectors during vacuum-thermal testing. We present different optical schemes and an ... [more ▼]

Digital holographic interferometry at long infrared wavelengths allows monitoring large deformations of space reflectors during vacuum-thermal testing. We present different optical schemes and an application to the complex case of elliptic reflector. [less ▲]

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See detailAstrochemistry: The issue of molecular complexity in astrophysical environments
De Becker, Michaël ULg

in Bulletin de la Société Royale des Sciences de Liège (2013), 83

Astrochemistry aims at studying chemical processes in astronomical environments. This discipline -- located at the crossroad between astrophysics and chemistry -- is rapidly evolving and explores the ... [more ▼]

Astrochemistry aims at studying chemical processes in astronomical environments. This discipline -- located at the crossroad between astrophysics and chemistry -- is rapidly evolving and explores the issue of the formation of molecules of increasing complexity in particular physical conditions that deviate signi - cantly from those frequently encountered in chemistry laboratories. The main goal of this paper is to provide an overview of this discipline. So far, about 170 molecules have been identi ed in the interstellar medium (ISM). The presence of this molecular diversity constitutes a rm evidence that e cient formation processes are at work in the interstellar medium. This paper aims at summarizing most of present ideas that are explored by astrochemists to investigate the chemistry taking place in various astronomical environments, with emphasis on the particular conditions which are met in space (including radiation elds, cosmic-rays, low densities...). The more ambitious question of the molecular complexity is addressed following two approaches presented to be converging. The rst approach considers the growing complexity starting from the most simple chemical species in interstellar environments, and the second approach envisages successive precursors of the most complex species commonly found on Earth, and in particular in our biochemistry. The issue of molecular complexity constitutes one of the main modern scienti c questions addressed by astrochemistry, and it is used as a guideline across this paper. [less ▲]

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See detailIs ultra-short cold ischemia the key to ischemic cholangiopathy avoidance in DCD-LT?
DETRY, Olivier ULg; DE ROOVER, Arnaud ULg; Cheham, S et al

in Acta Chirurgica Belgica (2013, May), Supplement 113(3), 6729

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See detailContact center as new forms of work organization: the triangular relationship between worker, contact center and contractors and well-being at work
DE CIA, Julie ULg; Naedenoen, Frédéric ULg; Pichault, François ULg et al

Conference (2013, May)

Purpose The new forms of work organization are characterized by different evolutions: multiple workers status, fragmentation of collective work, etc. Among these evolutions, the triangular relationship ... [more ▼]

Purpose The new forms of work organization are characterized by different evolutions: multiple workers status, fragmentation of collective work, etc. Among these evolutions, the triangular relationship between worker, employer and contractors and the intervention of contractors in work organization (Marchington et al., 2004) may be particularly affecting the well-being of workers. This research focus on contact center as a new form of work organization to investigate the influence of the triangular employment relationship on well-being at work. Methodology A quantitative and qualitative approach was used. A survey based on Job Demand-Resources Model (Bakker, Demerouti & Schaufeli, 2003) was conducted among 400 operators from Belgian contact centers to compare internal, outsourced and external contact centers. Three case studies allowed exploring more deeply the influence of triangular employment relationship on well-being. Finally, focus-groups with unions and management representatives helped us to design some practical recommendations. Results Quantitative results indicate that operators from outsourced and external contact centers have a poorer perception of demands and resources at work. They are consequently more likely to report high levels of perceived stress and burnout and low satisfaction with their work. The case studies give us more information about the role of the strategy and the management style of contact centers in coping with triangular employment relationships. Limitations Beyond this explorative research, quantitative data can be further used in multi-sample modeling approach. Research/Practical Implications Recommendations for well-being at work regarding the triangular employment relationship, on which both employers and unions converge, will be highlighted at the conference. Originality This research combines organizational psychology and management theory. [less ▲]

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See detailQuality controls of no-carrier-added aromatic amino acids such as FDOPA and FTYR produced at curie level
Libert, Lionel ULg; Lemaire, Christian ULg; Giacomelli, Fabrice ULg et al

Poster (2013, May)

Aromatic fluoro amino acids such as 2-[18F]fluoro-L-tyrosine (FTYR) and 6-[18F]fluoro-L-DOPA (FDOPA) are useful radiopharmaceuticals for oncologic studies and evaluation of the presynaptic dopaminergic ... [more ▼]

Aromatic fluoro amino acids such as 2-[18F]fluoro-L-tyrosine (FTYR) and 6-[18F]fluoro-L-DOPA (FDOPA) are useful radiopharmaceuticals for oncologic studies and evaluation of the presynaptic dopaminergic function using positron emission tomography. Recently, a no-carrier-added (nca) enantioselective synthesis of these compounds, based on an multistep PTC approach was automated in a FASTlabTM module from GE . From 185 GBq of [18F]fluoride and after 1 hour of synthesis, more than 37 GBq of FTYR or FDOPA are available . This automated production yields enough doses for many PET studies. A monograph for FDOPA prepared by electrophilic substitution exists , but it is not adapted to the nca nucleophilic synthesis of FDOPA and FTYR, as in this case specific activity, by products and possible impurities are different. A complete quality control (QC) has then be developed in accordance with the guidelines of the European Pharmacopeia (Eur. Ph.). [less ▲]

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See detailNON-ANTHOCYANIN POLYPHENOLS QUANTIFICATION IN EUTERPE OLERACEA FRUITS BY A UHPLC−LTQ-ORBITRAP MS METHOD
Dias, Aecio; Rozet, Eric ULg; Chataigné, G et al

Poster (2013, May)

High antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities have been observed from non-anthocyanin polyphenols of E. oleracea fruits [1-2]. The aim of this work was to quantify major non-anthocyanin polyphenols by ... [more ▼]

High antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities have been observed from non-anthocyanin polyphenols of E. oleracea fruits [1-2]. The aim of this work was to quantify major non-anthocyanin polyphenols by an accurate UHPLC−LTQ-Orbitrap MS method. Fruits were harvested in Pará state (Brazil), processed to pulp and lyophilised. 0.5g of dry pulp powder was defatted by sonication with petroleum ether. The residue was then extracted five times with 5mL MeOH each time for 30 min (optimized conditions giving recovery rates > 90%). The extract was evaporated to dryness with a RapidVap® evaporator at 35°C. Solubilization of the dried extract was realised using 40% MeOH. For the UHPLC quantification, a HSS C18 column (1.8µm) was used with a gradient elution of MeOH and H2O both with 0.1% HCOOH and the ionisation source (ESI) was operated in NI mode. 26 compounds were identified, among them 7 identified for the first time in this fruit. Total error and accuracy profiles were used as validation criteria. Calibration in the matrix was found to be more accurate than calibration without matrix. Trueness, repeatability, intermediate precision, selectivity, response function, linearity and LOD/LOQ for 12 non-anthocyanin phenolic compounds were evaluated and the quantification method validated. [1] J. Kang et al., Food Chem. 122 (2010) 610–617. [2] J. Kang et al., Food Chem. 128 (2011) 152–157. [less ▲]

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See detailReconstructing and Tracking Network State from a Limited Number of Synchrophasor Measurements
Glavic, Mevludin; Van Cutsem, Thierry ULg

in IEEE Transactions on Power Systems (2013), 28

A method is proposed to reconstruct and track network state from a limited number of Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) data. To deal with the resulting unobservability, the state with bus powers and generator ... [more ▼]

A method is proposed to reconstruct and track network state from a limited number of Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) data. To deal with the resulting unobservability, the state with bus powers and generator voltages closest to previously estimated values is computed. Those values, treated as pseudomeasurements, are obtained from the last reconstructed state, in a recursive manner. The method involves solving an optimization problem with linear constraints. It is scalable insofar as it accommodates from a few PMUs up to configurations ensuring full network observability. Reconstruction of only a region is possible. These and other features are demonstrated on the Nordic32 test system, with synchronized phasors obtained from detailed time simulation of a situation evolving towards instability. Suitable choices of PMU location and pseudo-measurements are also discussed. [less ▲]

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See detailEpreuves isocinétiques de résistance à la fatigue
Croisier, Jean-Louis ULg; Bosquet, L.; Maquet, Didier ULg et al

in Lettre de Médecine Physique et de Réadaptation (2013)

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See detailBiogeochemistry and carbon mass balance of a coccolithophore bloom in the northern Bay of Biscay (June 2006)
Harlay, Jérôme ULg; Chou, Lei; Van Oostende, Nicolas et al

Poster (2013, May)

Primary production (PP), calcification (CAL), bacterial production (BP) and dark community respiration (DCR) were measured along with a set of various biogeochemical variables, in early June 2006, at ... [more ▼]

Primary production (PP), calcification (CAL), bacterial production (BP) and dark community respiration (DCR) were measured along with a set of various biogeochemical variables, in early June 2006, at several stations at the shelf break of the northern Bay of Biscay. The cruise was carried out after the main spring diatom bloom that, based on the analysis of a time-series of remotely sensed chlorophyll-a (Chl-a), peaked in mid-April. Remotely sensed sea surface temperature (SST) indicated the occurrence of enhanced vertical mixing (due to internal tides) at the continental slope, while adjacent waters on the continental shelf were stratified, as confirmed by vertical profiles of temperature acquired during the cruise. The surface layer of the stratified water masses (on the continental shelf) was depleted of inorganic nutrients. Dissolved silicate (DSi) levels probably did not allow significant diatom development. We hypothesize that mixing at the continental slope allowed the injection of inorganic nutrients that triggered the blooming of mixed phytoplanktonic communities dominated by coccolithophores (Emiliania huxleyi) that were favoured with regards to diatoms due to the low DSi levels. Based on this conceptual frame, we used an indicator of vertical stratification to classify the different sampled stations, and to reconstruct the possible evolution of the bloom from the onset at the continental slope (triggered by vertical mixing) through its development as the water mass was advected on-shelf and stratified. We also established a carbon mass balance at each station by integrating in the photic layer PP, CAL and DCR. This allowed computation at each station of the contribution of PP, CAL and DCR to CO2 fluxes in the photic layer, and how they changed from one station to another along the sequence of bloom development (as traced by the stratification indicator). This also showed a shift from net autotrophy to net heterotrophy as the water mass aged (stratified), and suggested the importance of extracellular production of carbon to sustain the bacterial demand in the photic and aphotic layers. [less ▲]

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See detailRésister au quotiden ?
Frère, Bruno ULg; Jacquemain, Marc ULg

Book published by Presses de la Fondation Natoinale des Sciences Politiques (2013)

Les nouvelles formes de résistance à la domination se déclinent dans un agir "ici et maintenant", au service de causes concrètes : éducation sans frontières défense des exclus, droits des homosexuels ... [more ▼]

Les nouvelles formes de résistance à la domination se déclinent dans un agir "ici et maintenant", au service de causes concrètes : éducation sans frontières défense des exclus, droits des homosexuels, alterconsommation, économie alternative et solidaire, commmunauté du logiciel libre. Si nos sociétés s'extraient petit à petit du "trou noir" de la pensée critique dans lequel ces dernières décennies les avaient plongées, les déplacement du capitalisme et la refonte de son idéologie ont-ils privé le "nouveau prolétariat" d'un adversaire clairement identifiable et dune capacité à mobiliser autour d'une cause globale ? Dressant un panorama de divers pratiques contemporaines de résistance et procédant à leur analyse, c'est à l'ensemble de ces questions que l'ouvrage ambitionne de se confronter [less ▲]

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See detailModeling the hot subdwarf PB 8783 by asteroseismology
Van Grootel, Valérie ULg; Charpinet, Stéphane; Fontaine, Gilles et al

Conference (2013, May)

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See detailFecal calprotectin concentrations in adult dogs with chronic diarrhea.
Grellet A.; Heilmann R.M.; Lecoindre P. et al

in American Journal of Veterinary Research (2013), 74 (5)

Detailed reference viewed: 2 (0 ULg)