Impact du séchage sur la viabilité de Pseudomonas fluorescens

in Biotechnologie, Agronomie, Société et Environnement = Biotechnology, Agronomy, Society and Environment [=BASE] (2013)

The drying Pseudomonas fluorescens makes more economical storage, transportation and marketing. It aims to stop and to stabilize all biological activities for an optimal storage, compatible with the ... [more ▼]

The drying Pseudomonas fluorescens makes more economical storage, transportation and marketing. It aims to stop and to stabilize all biological activities for an optimal storage, compatible with the conservation of maximum viability of microorganisms desired. The viability of bacteria after drying depends on the operating conditions of the latter. One of the most important criteria to consider during the drying of biologically active products is the quality of the final dried product. Freeze-drying is the most drying method used for Pseudomonas. But temperature changes it induced are not without consequence for the cells. They are responsible for cell damage (peroxidation of fatty acids) and genetic (proteins and DNA oxidation). However, use of protective compounds during freeze-drying and during storage increases significantly the rate of cell viability. [less ▲]

Prévention des troubles musculo-squelettiques chez le sportif

Book published by Sauramps Medical (2013)

Exploration of the mechanisms underlying the ISPC effect: Evidence from behavioral and neuroimaging data

in Neuropsychologia (2013), 51

The item-specific proportion congruent (ISPC) effect in a Stroop task – the observation of reduced interference for color words mostly presented in an incongruent color – has attracted growing interest ... [more ▼]

The item-specific proportion congruent (ISPC) effect in a Stroop task – the observation of reduced interference for color words mostly presented in an incongruent color – has attracted growing interest since the original study by Jacoby (2003). Two mechanisms have been proposed to explain the effect: associative learning of contingencies and item-specific control through word reading modulation. Both interpretations have received empirical support from behavioral data. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the responsible mechanisms of the ISPC effect with the classic two-item sets design using fMRI. Results showed that the ISPC effect is associated with increased activity in the anterior cingulate (ACC), dorsolateral prefrontal (DLPFC), and inferior and superior parietal cortex. Importantly, behavioral and fMRI analyses specifically addressing the respective contribution of associative learning and item-specific control mechanisms brought support for the contingency learning account of the ISPC effect. Results are discussed in reference to task and procedure characteristics that may influence the extent to which item-specific control and/or contingency learning contribute to the ISPC effect. [less ▲]

Créaholic : une entreprise « malade » de la créativité

Learning material (2013)

Créaholic est une entreprise européenne composée de 23 collaborateurs. Son cœur de métier est l’innovation par rupture et la créativité. Toujours dirigée par son fondateur charismatique, l’entreprise ... [more ▼]

Créaholic est une entreprise européenne composée de 23 collaborateurs. Son cœur de métier est l’innovation par rupture et la créativité. Toujours dirigée par son fondateur charismatique, l’entreprise présente une structure relativement horizontale et un mode de fonctionnement par projet. Le « chaos créatif » est favorisé afin de laisser libre cours et de stimuler la créativité de chaque travailleur. Créaholic a souffert de la crise récente et, à l’heure actuelle, plusieurs collaborateurs souhaitent la mise en place d’une organisation davantage structurée et de procédures plus formalisées. [less ▲]

Ecrire et réfléchir ensemble sur la langue

Scientific conference (2013)

(111)Indium-oxine labelling for evaluating the homing process of autologous osteoblasts implanted percutaneously in atrophic nonunion fractures.

in International Orthopaedics (2013), 37(1), 131-6

PURPOSE: The aim of the study was to control the in vivo localisation of implanted cells in cell-based therapies. Labelling cells with (111)indium-oxine is one of the most interesting methods proposed. We ... [more ▼]

PURPOSE: The aim of the study was to control the in vivo localisation of implanted cells in cell-based therapies. Labelling cells with (111)indium-oxine is one of the most interesting methods proposed. We evaluated this method in the setting of autologous osteoblast implantation in nonunion fractures. METHODS: An in vitro study of osteoblasts was conducted after (111)indium-oxine labelling. Radioactivity retention and viability, proliferation and the ability to produce alkaline phosphatase were evaluated in a seven-day culture. In vivo labelling of implanted osteoblastic cells was conducted during a therapeutic trial of atrophic nonunion fractures, with the leakage outside the nonunion site and local uptake evolution at four, 24 and 48 hour being studied. RESULTS: The mean labelling efficiency for osteoprogenitors was 78.8 +/- 4.6 %. The intracellular retention was 89.4 +/- 2.1 % at three hours and 67.3 +/- 4.7 % at 18 hours. The viability assessed at three hours was 93.7 +/- 0.6 %. After seven days of culture, morphology and alkaline phosphatase staining were similar for both labelled and unlabelled control cells, although the proliferation rate was decreased in the labelled cells. Some local intraosseous leakage was observed in four of 17 cases. All patients showed uptake at the injection site, with four having no other uptake. Four patients showed additional uptake in the bladder, liver and spleen, while 11 patients had additional uptake in the lungs in addition to the bladder, liver and spleen. The activity ratios (injection site/body) were 48 +/- 28 % at four hours, 40 +/- 25 % at 24 hours and 35 +/- 25 % at 48 hours. After correcting for decay, the activity within the injection site was 82 +/- 15 % at 24 hours and 69 +/- 11 % at 48 hours compared with the activity measured at four hours. No relationship was found between uptake and radiological bone repair. CONCLUSIONS: The (111)indium-oxine labelling appears to be a good method for monitoring the behaviour of the osteoblastic cells after their implantation in atrophic nonunion fractures. [less ▲]

Processing of Ti alloys by additive manufacturing: a comparison of the microstructures obtained by laser cladding, selective laser melting and electron beam melting

in Materials Science Forum (2013)

Additive manufacturing processes such as laser cladding (LC) or selective laser melting (SLM) appear very promising in view of an economic near-net-shape production – and also, in the case of LC, the ... [more ▼]

Additive manufacturing processes such as laser cladding (LC) or selective laser melting (SLM) appear very promising in view of an economic near-net-shape production – and also, in the case of LC, the restoration - of complex and (almost) fully dense parts from Ti alloys. Both techniques involve the melting of a metallic powder with a laser. In the SLM process, the metallic powder is deposited layer by layer in a powder bed and then molten locally according to the desired shape, whereas in LC, the metallic powder is directly projected onto a substrate through a nozzle coaxial with the laser beam. The present research aims at comparing Ti-6Al-4V samples processed by these two techniques with reference samples produced by electron beam melting (EBM), another well established additive manufacturing process (patented by Arcam AB Company) in which a powder bed is molten locally by means of an electron beam. In all three processes, the melt pool undergoes an ultrafast cooling and solidifies very rapidly once the beam has left the area, thus giving rise to strongly out-of-equilibrium microstructures. Yet, each one of these processes also has its own specificities e.g. in terms of scanning strategy and of working atmosphere (low vacuum vs. protective Ar flow). In the present work, the microstructures obtained by these three processes have been compared in details, with a particular attention for characteristics such as porosity, grain size, and the various phases present. Since epitaxial growth of the newly deposited layer on the material previously solidified has been shown [1, 2] to exert a strong influence on the microstructure and on the resulting mechanical properties, great care has been taken to study the microstructural anisotropy associated with each one of the three processes. [less ▲]

The susceptibility of the knee extensors to eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage is not affected by leg dominance but by exercise order .

in Clinical Physiology & Functional Imaging (2013)

The aims of this study were first to compare the response of dominant and non-dominant legs to eccentric exercise and second, to examine whether there is an effect of exercise order on the magnitude of ... [more ▼]

The aims of this study were first to compare the response of dominant and non-dominant legs to eccentric exercise and second, to examine whether there is an effect of exercise order on the magnitude of symptoms associated with intense eccentric protocols. Eighteen young men performed 3 sets of 30 maximal eccentric isokinetic (60°.sec-1) contractions of the knee extensors (range of motion, ROM: 0°-100°, 0=full extension) using either dominant or nondominant leg. They repeated a similar eccentric bout using the contralateral leg six weeks later. The sequence of leg’s use was allocated to create equally balanced groups. Four indirect markers of muscle damage including subjective pain intensity, maximal isometric strength, muscle stiffness and plasma CK activity were measured before and 24 hours after exercise. All markers changed significantly following the eccentric bout performed either by dominant or non-dominant legs but no significant difference was observed between legs. Interestingly, the comparison between the first and second eccentric bouts revealed that muscle soreness (-42%, p<0.001), CK activity (-62%, p<0.05) and strength loss (-54%, p<0.01) were significantly lower after the second bout. This study suggests that leg dominance does not influence the magnitude of exercise-induced muscle damage and supports for the first time the existence of a contralateral protection against exercise-induced muscle damage in the lower limbs. [less ▲]

La filiation issue d'une gestation pour autrui Quelles règles de droit international privé pour la Belgique?

in Sosson, Jehanne; Schamps, Geneviève (Eds.) La gestation pour autrui : vers un encadrement? (2013)

Les questions de droit international privé intéressant la gestation pour autrui suscitent un intérêt croissant ces dernières années. Le regain d'attention portée à la gestation pour autrui (GPA) s ... [more ▼]

Les questions de droit international privé intéressant la gestation pour autrui suscitent un intérêt croissant ces dernières années. Le regain d'attention portée à la gestation pour autrui (GPA) s'explique sans doute pour partie par la multiplication des espèces soumises aux cours et tribunaux. Comme dans d'autres pays, ces développements ont retenu l'attention du législateur belge. La gestation pour autrui fait en Belgique l'objet de différentes propositions de loi. L'examen des différentes propositions de loi révèle que les questions de droit international privé n'ont pas retenu, ou en tout cas pas de façon substantielle, l'attention de leurs auteurs. La présente contribution se propose d'examiner quelles pistes de solution le législateur belge pourrait emprunter s'il souhaite envisager les questions de droit international privé. Elle s'appuiera sur les différentes décisions prononcées récemment par les juridictions belges. Avant de s'interroger sur la forme que pourrait prendre une éventuelle règle de droit international privé en matière de gestation pour autrui, la contribution précisera l'influence que peut exercer le droit interne sur cette règle. [less ▲]

Neonates show transient and incomplete anti-inflammatory response to cardiac surgery

Conference (2013)