Last 7 days     Results 1621-1640 of 21328.   77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87   "La perte des avantages matrimoniaux pour cause d'indignité"Moreau, Pierre in Revue du Notariat Belge (2013), (3080), 810-832Detailed reference viewed: 33 (1 ULg) How could the Io footprint disappear?Hess, Sébastien; Bonfond, Bertrand ; Delamere, Peterin Planetary and Space Science (2013), 89The interaction of Io with the Jovian magnetosphere is the best known – and the most intense – case of satellite-magnetosphere interaction. The interaction involves a power of more than a TeraWatt, a few ... [more ▼]The interaction of Io with the Jovian magnetosphere is the best known – and the most intense – case of satellite-magnetosphere interaction. The interaction involves a power of more than a TeraWatt, a few percent of which are transferred to electrons. These electrons precipitate in the Jovian ionosphere where they light-up bright auroral emissions (several 100's kR to a few 1000's kR). The brightness of the Io-controlled UV auroras is known to vary, due to the Jovian magnetic field tilt, which induces longitudinal variations, and due to the Io torus ever changing parameters (possibly due to Io's volcanic activity), which induce a temporal variation. As Io-controlled UV auroras have been monitored for a long time, the variation of their brightness is well-documented, and the typical amplitude of these variations has been established. However, on June, 7th 2012 an unusual event occurred in the plasma torus surrounding Io, which triggered its own UV emissions on Jupiter in a region mapping to Io's orbit. When Io reached that region, Io's auroral footprint disappeared, its brightness dimming by at least a factor of three to be below the background aurora brightness. Both the auroral event at such a low latitude and the Io footprint disappearance are events that have never been observed before and should be quite rare. However, the question of how the bright Io footprint becomes that weak remains. From a theoretical point-of-view, the Io-Jupiter interaction has been widely studied. In the 80's, it was shown that Alfvén waves are radiated from Io, carrying currents to Jupiter. In the late-2000's, studies showed that dispersive Alfvén waves were likely to cause the acceleration of the electrons powering the auroral emissions, although Io-scale Alfvén waves should be non-dispersive. More recently, a model was built which permits one to compute the ratio between dispersive and non-dispersive waves in the auroral region for satellite-magnetosphere interactions, and thus the brightness of the related aurorae. We use this model to investigate which variation of the interaction parameters could lead to the Io footprint disappearance. [less ▲]Detailed reference viewed: 15 (2 ULg) Annals of Public and Cooperative Economics Vol 84 N°4Fecher-Bourgeois, Fabienne in Annals of Public and Cooperative Economics (2013), 84(4), 343-470Detailed reference viewed: 11 (3 ULg) Simultaneous design of structural layout and discrete fiber orientation using bi-value coding parameterization and volume constraintTONG, Gao; ZHANG, Weihong; Duysinx, Pierre in Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization (2013), 48(6), 1075-1088The so-called bi-value coding parameterization (BCP) method is developed for the simultaneous optimization of layout design and discrete fiber orientations of laminated structures related to the ... [more ▼]The so-called bi-value coding parameterization (BCP) method is developed for the simultaneous optimization of layout design and discrete fiber orientations of laminated structures related to the compliance minimization and natural frequency maximization. Both kinds of problems are transformed into a discrete material selection problem that is then solved as a continuous topology optimization problem with multiphase materials. A new form of the volume constraint is introduced in accordance with the BCP to control the material usage and material removal in the corresponding problem formulation. The BCP scheme assigning the integer value of +1 or -1 to each design variable for the unique “coding” is efficiently used to interpolate discrete fiber orientations and to identify the presence and removal of materials. Meanwhile, a general set-up strategy is proposed by assigning “uniform” weight values in BCP to ensure the feasibility of the initial starting point. Numerical tests illustrate that the BCP is efficient in dealing with both kinds of design problems including the volume constraint. [less ▲]Detailed reference viewed: 17 (0 ULg) Discussion on the optimization problem formulation of flexible components in multibody systemsTromme, Emmanuel ; Bruls, Olivier ; Emonds-Alt, Jonathan et alin Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization (2013), 48(6), 1189-1206This paper is dedicated to the structural optimization of flexible components in mechanical systems modeled as multibody systems. While most of the structural optimization developments have been conducted ... [more ▼]This paper is dedicated to the structural optimization of flexible components in mechanical systems modeled as multibody systems. While most of the structural optimization developments have been conducted under (quasi-)static loadings or vibration design criteria, the proposed approach aims at considering as precisely as possible the effects of dynamic loading under service conditions. Solving this problem is quite challenging and naive implementations may lead to inaccurate and unstable results. To elaborate a robust and reliable approach, the optimization problem formulation is investigated because it turns out that it is a critical point. Different optimization algorithms are also tested. To explain the efficiency of the various solution approaches, the complex nature of the design space is analyzed. Numerical applications considering the optimization of a two-arm robot subject to a trajectory tracking constraint and the optimization of a slider-crank mechanism with a cyclic dynamic loading are presented to illustrate the different concepts. [less ▲]Detailed reference viewed: 15 (7 ULg) Egg and meat production performances of two varieties of the local Ardennaise poultry breed: silver black and golden blackMoula, Nassim ; Michaux, Charles ; Philippe, François-Xavier et alin Animal Genetic Resources = Resources Génétiques Animales = Recursos Genéticos Animales (2013), 53(2), 57-67The Ardennaise breed is emblematic of the Belgian poultry diversity. We compared two varieties of the breed, the golden black and the silver black. The comparison encompassed: (i) the morphology of adult ... [more ▼]The Ardennaise breed is emblematic of the Belgian poultry diversity. We compared two varieties of the breed, the golden black and the silver black. The comparison encompassed: (i) the morphology of adult birds, (ii) the growth, carcass characteristics and meat quality of broilers 22 weeks old, (iii) the laying rate during 52 weeks and the egg quality. Significant differences were observed in the size of mature males and females: body weight, diameter and length of the tarsus, size of the comb and wattles. The two varieties did not differ concerning the carcass and meat quality traits. The golden black has a higher laying rate and a higher yolk / albumen ratio, but lays lighter eggs. It could be interesting to complete this study by molecular markers analysis to evaluate the degree of genetic diversity between the two varieties. [less ▲]Detailed reference viewed: 22 (10 ULg) Vingt minutes en Utopie: l'ALWiBaiwir, Esther ; Renders, Pascale in Baiwir, Esther; Renders, Pascale (Eds.) Actes de la 5e Journée liégeoise de Traitement des Sources Galloromanes (Liège, 16 mai 2013) (2013, December)Detailed reference viewed: 27 (4 ULg) Structural characterisation of polyglutamine-inserted BlaP beta-lactamase -- A model for Huntington’s disease and related neurological disordersKay, Jennifer Poster (2013, December)Detailed reference viewed: 11 (0 ULg) Quadratization of symmetric pseudo-Boolean functionsAnthony, Martin; Boros, Endre; Crama, Yves et alE-print/Working paper (2013)A pseudo-Boolean function is a real-valued function $f(x)=f(x_1,x_2,\ldots,x_n)$ of $n$ binary variables; that is, a mapping from $\{0,1\}^n$ to ${\bbr}$. For a pseudo-Boolean function $f(x)$ on $\{0,1 ... [more ▼]A pseudo-Boolean function is a real-valued function$f(x)=f(x_1,x_2,\ldots,x_n)$of$n$binary variables; that is, a mapping from$\{0,1\}^n$to${\bbr}$. For a pseudo-Boolean function$f(x)$on$\{0,1\}^n$, we say that$g(x,y)$is a quadratization of$f$if$g(x,y)$is a quadratic polynomial depending on$x$and on$m$auxiliary binary variables$y_1,y_2,\ldots,y_m$such that$f(x)= \min \{ g(x,y) : y \in \{0,1\}^m \} $for all$x \in \{0,1\}^n$. By means of quadratizations, minimization of$f$is reduced to minimization (over its extended set of variables) of the quadratic function$g(x,y)$. This is of some practical interest because minimization of quadratic functions has been thoroughly studied for the last few decades, and much progress has been made in solving such problems exactly or heuristically. A related paper initiated a systematic study of the minimum number of auxiliary$y$-variables required in a quadratization of an arbitrary function$f$(a natural question, since the complexity of minimizing the quadratic function$g(x,y)$depends, among other factors, on the number of binary variables). In this paper, we determine more precisely the number of auxiliary variables required by quadratizations of \emph{symmetric} pseudo-Boolean functions$f(x)$, those functions whose value depends only on the Hamming weight of the input$x\$ (the number of variables equal to 1). [less ▲]Detailed reference viewed: 31 (2 ULg) Chemical soil factors influencing plant assemblages along copper-cobalt gradients: implications for conservation and restorationSeleck, Maxime ; Bizoux, Jean-Philippe ; Colinet, Gilles et alin Plant and Soil (2013), 373Aims Define the chemical factors structuring plant communities of three copper-cobalt outcrops (Tenke-Fungurume, Katangan Copperbelt, D. R. Congo) presenting extreme gradients. Methods To discriminate ... [more ▼]Aims Define the chemical factors structuring plant communities of three copper-cobalt outcrops (Tenke-Fungurume, Katangan Copperbelt, D. R. Congo) presenting extreme gradients. Methods To discriminate plant communities, 172 vegetation records of all species percentage cover were classified based on NMDS and the Calinski criterion. Soil samples were analyzed for 13 chemical factors and means compared among communities with ANOVA. Partial canonical correspondence analysis (pCCA) was used to determine amount of variation explained individually by each factor and site effect. Results Seven communities were identified. Six of the studied communities were related to distinct sites. Site effect (6.0 % of global inertia) was identified as the most important factor related to plant communities’ variation followed by Cu (5.5 %), pH (3.6 %) and Co (3.5 %). Unique contribution of site effect (3.8 %) was higher than that of Cu (1.1 %) and Co (1.0 %). Conclusions In restoration, not only Cu and Co contents will be important to maintain vegetation diversity, attention should also be given to co-varying factors potentially limiting toxicity of metals: pH, organic matter, Ca and Mn. Physical parameters were also identified as important in the creation of adequate conditions for diverse communities. Further studies should focus on the effect of physical parameters and geology. [less ▲]Detailed reference viewed: 28 (13 ULg) An implicit erosion algorithm for the numerical simulation of metallic and composite materials submitted to high strain rate.Ponthot, Jean-Philippe ; Boman, Romain ; Jeunechamps, Pierre-Paul et alin Proceedings Indian National Science Academy (2013), 79/4(Part A), 519-528In this paper, we present a general consistent numerical formulation able to take into account strain rate, damage and thermal effects of the material behaviour. A thermomechanical implicit approach for ... [more ▼]In this paper, we present a general consistent numerical formulation able to take into account strain rate, damage and thermal effects of the material behaviour. A thermomechanical implicit approach for element erosion to model material failure is also presented. This approach can be applied both to ductile fracture for metals, relying on a continuum damage mechanics approach, coupled to different fracture criteria, as well as composite material failure described with either a failure criterion or a progressive damage model. The numerical models will be illustrated by different quasi-static and high strain rate applications for both metallic alloys and composite materials. All these physical phenomena have been included in an implicit dynamic object-oriented finite element code (implemented at LTAS-MN²L, University of Liège, Belgium) named Metafor [1]. [less ▲]Detailed reference viewed: 19 (1 ULg) THE GREEK DEBT RESTRUCTURING AND PROPERTY RIGHTS A Greek Tragedy for Investors?Wautelet, Patrick in Alen, André; Joosten, Véronique; Leysen, Véronique (Eds.) et al Liberae Cogitationes Liber Amicorum Marc Bossuyt (2013)This paper examines the position of investors holding Greek sovereign bonds after the restructuring (PSI) which took place in 2012. After briefly reviewing the main features of the PSI, the paper ... [more ▼]This paper examines the position of investors holding Greek sovereign bonds after the restructuring (PSI) which took place in 2012. After briefly reviewing the main features of the PSI, the paper undertakes to verify whether investors could challenge the operation on the basis of their property rights, as protected by Article 1 of the First Protocol to the ECHR. [less ▲]Detailed reference viewed: 22 (1 ULg) Introduction au droit international privé (belge et européen)Wautelet, Patrick Learning material (2013)Ce document constitue le support de présentation utilisé (en 2013-2014) dans le cadre d'un enseignement destiné à introduire des étudiants de Master en droit au droit international privé. L'enseignement ... [more ▼]Ce document constitue le support de présentation utilisé (en 2013-2014) dans le cadre d'un enseignement destiné à introduire des étudiants de Master en droit au droit international privé. L'enseignement est structuré en deux parties : dans un premier temps, une courte introduction est donnée qui est centrée sur la méthode et les raisonnements de droit international privé (tant pour la compétence internationale que pour le droit applicable). Dans un second temps, une présentation succincte est donnée des applications du raisonnement de droit international privé dans diverses matières. Cette présentation est largement effectuée sur base de cas pratiques. [less ▲]Detailed reference viewed: 42 (1 ULg) Chine-Allemagne, au risque de l’Europe? Le cas des panneaux solairesWintgens, Sophie Article for general public (2013)According to China's Ambassador in Berlin Shi Mingde, "pragmatic cooperation between Germany and China is playing a leading role in China-EU relations". Symbolized by numerous diplomatics comings and ... [more ▼]According to China's Ambassador in Berlin Shi Mingde, "pragmatic cooperation between Germany and China is playing a leading role in China-EU relations". Symbolized by numerous diplomatics comings and goings, and by fruitful trade, this "special relation" between China and Germany bases above all on their economic symbiosis. Whereas the European Union (EU) tries to develop a common and coherent strategic approach towards China, the context of the euro crisis strengthened the Chinese preference to a German partner perceived as the main European economic and political player. Between cooperation and competition, as illustrated by the case of solar panels, is the China-Germany relationship growing at the risk of Europe? [less ▲]Detailed reference viewed: 17 (3 ULg) The underestimation of seagrass biological cycle in the biomonitoring of coastal trace element pollutionRichir, Jonathan ; Sartoretto, Stéphane; Gobert, Sylvie Poster (2013, December)Previous monitoring surveys using the Mediterranean seagrass Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile mostly studied coastal pollutions in Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb and/or Fe and the distribution of their ... [more ▼]Previous monitoring surveys using the Mediterranean seagrass Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile mostly studied coastal pollutions in Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb and/or Fe and the distribution of their bioaccumulated levels between the seagrass compartments. In contrast, other trace elements (TEs) like As, V, Ag, Be, Al, Mn, Co, Se, Mo, Sn, Sb and Bi, many of them categorized as TEs of environmental emerging concern, have been subject to nearly no ecotoxicological survey with that species. Moreover, the understanding of the seasonal variation of TE levels according to the seagrass biological cycle, a prerequisite to the intercomparison of sites sampled at different periods of the year, has been little investigated. P. oceanica were thus seasonally collected for TE analyses from March 2008 to November 2010 in the Calvi Bay (Corsica, France), a reference site for the northwestern Mediterranean, and near the sewer outfall of Marseille city (France). Results showed that levels of the 19 studied TEs evolved seasonally according to the seagrass biological cycle. So, foliar levels of Cr, Pb, Mn or Bi, preferentially accumulated in older leaves, increased from spring to autumn, as the number of adult leaves. V, Se, As or Sb evolved similarly to the shoot foliar surface, reflecting the plant growth. Cu levels, an essential micronutrient, were lower when summer requirements for leaf growth were high. Al foliar levels evolved similarly to rhizome and root levels, resulting from its acropetal translocation. However, in the anthropized Marseille site, environmental variables non-intrinsic to the seagrass ecophysiology could perturb this seasonal variation. This survey allowed highlighting the proportionally equivalent roles played by both the seagrass biological cycle and its environment in the bioaccumulation process of TEs. This cyclic evolution should therefore be systematically quantified in regional reference sites in order to properly intercompare results from biomonitoring surveys. [less ▲]Detailed reference viewed: 10 (1 ULg) Aktueller Stand der Projekte QuaM, ManageMilk und OptiMir (Erste Ergebnisse sind vielversprechend)Reding, Romain; Arnould, Valérie Article for general public (2013)Detailed reference viewed: 14 (0 ULg) Development of a quantitative immunocapture real-time PCR assay for detecting structurally intact adenoviral particles in waterOgorzaly, Leslie; Bonot, Sébastien; Elmoualij, Benaïssa et alin Journal of Virological Methods (2013), 194Development of rapid, sensitive and specific methods for detection of infectious enteric viruses in water is challenging but crucial for gaining reliable information for risk assessment. An immunocapture ... [more ▼]Development of rapid, sensitive and specific methods for detection of infectious enteric viruses in water is challenging but crucial for gaining reliable information for risk assessment. An immunocapture real-time PCR (IC-qPCR) was designed to detect jointly the two major viral particle components, i.e. the capsid protein and the viral genome. Targeting both constituents helps circumventing the technical limits of cell culture approaches and the inability of PCR based methods to predict the infectious status. Two waterborne pathogenic virus models, human adenovirus types 2 and 41, were chosen for this study. IC-qPCR showed a detection limit of 10 MPNCU/reaction with a dynamic range from 102 to 106 MPNCU/reaction. Sensitivity was thus 100-fold higher compared to ELISA-based capture employing the same anti-hexon antibodies. After optimisation, application on environmental water samples was validated, and specificity towards the targeted virus types was obtained through the qPCR step. Heat-treated pure samples as well as surface water samples brought evidence that this method achieves detection of encapsidated viral genomes while excluding free viral genome amplification. As a consequence, adenovirus concentrations estimated by IC-qPCR were below those calculated by direct qPCR. The results demonstrate that the IC-qPCR method is a sensitive and rapid tool for detecting, in a single-tube assay, structurally intact and thus potentially infectious viral particles in environmental samples. [less ▲]Detailed reference viewed: 6 (0 ULg) A New Validated Method for Improving the Audiovisual Spatial Congruence in the Case of Stereoscopic-3D Video and Wave Field SynthesisAndré, Cédric ; Corteel, Etienne; Embrechts, Jean-Jacques et alin 3D Imaging (IC3D), 2013 International Conference on (2013, December)While 3D cinema is becoming increasingly established, little effort has focused on the general problem of producing a 3D sound scene spatially coherent with the visual content of a stereoscopic-3D (s-3D ... [more ▼]While 3D cinema is becoming increasingly established, little effort has focused on the general problem of producing a 3D sound scene spatially coherent with the visual content of a stereoscopic-3D (s-3D) movie. The perceptual relevance of such spatial audiovisual coherence is of significant interest. In this paper, we explain why the combination of accurate sound positioning and stereoscopic-3D images can lead to an incongruence between the sound and the image for multiple spectators. Then, we adapt to s-3D viewing a method originally proposed for 2D images in the literature to reduce this error. Finally, a subjective experiment is carried out to prove the efficiency of the method. [less ▲]Detailed reference viewed: 16 (2 ULg) On the statistical assessment of small sample classificationNoirhomme, Quentin ; Lesenfants, Damien ; Gomez, Francisco et alConference (2013, December)Classifiers start to be used in medical application to infer diagnosis. Their results are assessed through either a binomial or a permutation test. Distributions built from classification of random data ... [more ▼]Classifiers start to be used in medical application to infer diagnosis. Their results are assessed through either a binomial or a permutation test. Distributions built from classification of random data with cross-validation, did not follow the theoretical binomial distribution, showing that binomial test was not conservative enough. A permutation test is thus recommended. [less ▲]Detailed reference viewed: 11 (1 ULg) Les orthophonistes utilisent-ils les données issues de la recherche scientifique ? Analyse des pratiques afin d’ajuster la formation universitaire en BelgiqueDurieux, Nancy ; Pasleau, Françoise ; Vandenput, Sandrina et alin Glossa (2013, December), 113Une des missions fondamentales d’une formation universitaire est de permettre aux futurs professionnels d’identifier et de traiter efficacement les informations nécessaires aux prises de décisions parmi ... [more ▼]Une des missions fondamentales d’une formation universitaire est de permettre aux futurs professionnels d’identifier et de traiter efficacement les informations nécessaires aux prises de décisions parmi un nombre toujours croissant de documents disponibles. Pour atteindre cet objectif, le recours à l’Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) s’avère une approche méthodologique permettant d’acquérir les savoirs et savoir-faire requis pour, notamment, la recherche d’informations probantes. L’EBP doit donc logiquement faire partie de la formation initiale des futurs orthophonistes en restant en adéquation avec les besoins et pratiques des professionnels. À cette fin, il est important d’identifier les questions que se posent les cliniciens dans leur pratique quotidienne, la manière dont ils trouvent des réponses et s’ils ont recours ou non aux données issues de la recherche scientifique. Une enquête a été lancée en mai 2012 auprès d’orthophonistes travaillant en Communauté française de Belgique. La présente communication exposera les principaux résultats, recueillis auprès de 410 orthophonistes, qui conduiront à des pistes d’action pour l’enseignement universitaire et la formation continue. [less ▲]Detailed reference viewed: 36 (5 ULg)