EPOXI: Comet 103P/Hartley 2 Observations from a Worldwide Campaign
English
Meech, K. J.[Institute for Astronomy, 2680 Woodlawn Drive, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA ; Author.]
A'Hearn, M. F.[Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742-2421, USA]
Adams, J. A.[Department of Astronomy, Cornell University, 202 Space Sciences Building, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA]
Bacci, P.[Centro Astronomico di Libbiano, Peccioli Pisa, Italy ; CARA, Unione Astrofili Italani, vicolo Osservatorio 2, 35122, Padova, Italy]
Bai, J.[Yunnan Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 110, Kunming 65011, Yunnan, China]
Barrera, L.[Universidad Metropolitana de Ciencias de la Educación, Av. J. P. Alessandri 774, Nunoa, Santiago, Chile]
Battelino, M.[Swedish Space Corporation, P.O. Box 4207, 17104 Solna, Sweden]
Bauer, J. M.[Jet Propulsion Laboratory, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA]
Becklin, E.[Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy, Universities Space Research Association, Mail Stop 211-3, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA]
Bhatt, B.[Indian Institute of Astrophysics, CREST Campus, Block-II, Koramangala, Sarjapur Road, Bangalore 560034, India]
Biver, N.[LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, 5 place Jules Janssen, Meudon 92195, France]
Bockelée-Morvan, D.[LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, 5 place Jules Janssen, Meudon 92195, France]
Bodewits, D.[Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742-2421, USA]
Böhnhardt, H.[Max-Planck Institute for Solar System Research, Max-Planck-Str. 2, Katlenburg-Lindau 37191, Germany]
Boissier, J.[INAF—Inst. di Radioastronomia, Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy ; ESO, Karl-Schwarzschild-Str. 2, 85748 Garching bei München, Germany]
Bonev, B. P.[Department of Physics, Catholic University of America/GSFC, 620 Michigan Ave., N.E., Washington, DC 20064, USA]
Borghini, W.[Osservatorio Astronomico Naturalistico di Casasco, Strada Ca'Simoni 15050, Casasco, Italy ; CARA, Unione Astrofili Italani, vicolo Osservatorio 2, 35122, Padova, Italy]
Brucato, J. R.[INAF—Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri, Largo E. Fermi 5, Firenze 50125, Italy]
Chen, W. P.[Graduate Institute Astronomy, National Central University, 300 Jhongda Rd, Jhongli 32001, Taiwan]
Chiang, P.[Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute, Daejeon 305-348, Republic of Korea]
Choi, Y*-J[Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute, Daejeon 305-348, Republic of Korea]
Christian, D. J.[Department of Physics and Astronomy, California State University, Northridge, CA 91330, USA]
Chuang, Y*-L[Departmnet of Earth Sciences, National Taiwan Normal University, 88, Sec. 4, Ting-Chou Road, Taipei 11677, Taiwan]
Cochran, A. L.[McDonald Observatory, University of Texas, 1 University Station, C1402, Austin, TX 78712, USA]
Colom, P.[LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, 5 place Jules Janssen, Meudon 92195, France]
Combi, M. R.[Department of Atm. Ocean and Space Sci., 2418B Space Research Bldg., University of Michigan, 2455 Hayward St., Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2143, USA]
Coulson, I. M.[Joint Astronomy Centre, 660 N. Aohoku Place, University Park, Hilo, HI 96720, USA]
Crovisier, J.[LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, 5 place Jules Janssen, Meudon 92195, France]
Hainaut, O.[ESO, Karl-Schwarzschild-Str. 2, 85748 Garching bei München, Germany]
Hammel, H. B.[AURA, 1212 New York Ave NW, Suite 450, Washington, DC 20005, USA ; Space Science Inst., 4750 Walnut Street, Suite 205, Boulder, CO 80301, USA]
Harker, D. E.[Center for Astrophysics & Space Sciences, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr. Dept 0424, La Jolla, CA 92093-0424, USA]
Herter, T.[Department of Astronomy, Cornell University, 202 Space Sciences Building, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA]
Hjalmarson, A.[Onsala Space Observatory, 43992 Onsala, Sweden]
Holland, S. T.[NASA GSFC, 8800 Greenbelt Rd., Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA ; Centre for Research and Exploration in Space Science and Technology, Code 668.8, 8800 Greenbelt Road, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA]
Honda, M.[Department of Information Sciences, Kanagawa University, Kanagawa 259-1293, Japan]
Hosseini, S.[University of California, Department of Applied Sciences, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA]
Howes, N.[LCOGT/Faulkes Telescope North & Cherhill Observatory, UK ; CARA, Unione Astrofili Italani, vicolo Osservatorio 2, 35122, Padova, Italy]
Hsieh, H. H.[Institute for Astronomy, 2680 Woodlawn Drive, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA]
Hsiao, H*-Y[Graduate Institute Astronomy, National Central University, 300 Jhongda Rd, Jhongli 32001, Taiwan]
Hutsemekers, Damien[Université de Liège - ULg > Département d'astrophys., géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > Astroph. extragalactique et observations spatiales (AEOS)]
Licandro, J.[Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, c/Vıa Lactea s/n, 38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain ; Depto. de Astrofísica, Univ. de La Laguna, E-38205 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain]
Ligustri, R.[Talmassons Observatory (C.A.S.T.), via Cadorna, 33030 Talmassons, Italy ; CARA, Unione Astrofili Italani, vicolo Osservatorio 2, 35122, Padova, Italy]
Lin, Z*-Y[IAA-CSIC, c/Glorieta de la Astrónoma s/n, Granada 18008, Spain]
Lippi, M.[Max-Planck Institute for Solar System Research, Max-Planck-Str. 2, Katlenburg-Lindau 37191, Germany]
Lis, D. C.[Caltech, MC 301-17, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA]
Lundin, S.[Swedish Space Corporation, P.O. Box 4207, 17104 Solna, Sweden]
Magee-Sauer, K.[Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028-1701, USA]
Magain, Pierre[Université de Liège - ULg > Département d'astrophys., géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > Astrophysique et traitement de l'image]
Manfroid, Jean[Université de Liège - ULg > Département d'astrophys., géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > Département d'astrophys., géophysique et océanographie (AGO)]
Shinnaka, Y.[Department of Physics, Facility of Science Kyoto Sangyo University, Motoyama, Kamigamo, Kita-ku, Kyoto 603-8555, Japan]
Skvarc, J.[Astronomski obsevatorij, Predgriže 29a, 5274 Črni Vrh nad Idrigo, Črni Vrh, Slovenia ; CARA, Unione Astrofili Italani, vicolo Osservatorio 2, 35122, Padova, Italy]
Snodgrass, C.[Max-Planck Institute for Solar System Research, Max-Planck-Str. 2, Katlenburg-Lindau 37191, Germany]
Sitko, M. L.[Center for Astrophysics & Space Sciences, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr. Dept 0424, La Jolla, CA 92093-0424, USA]
Sonnett, S.[Institute for Astronomy, 2680 Woodlawn Drive, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA]
Sosseini, S.[University of California, Department of Applied Sciences, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA]
Sostero, G.[Remanzacco Observatory, via S. Stefano, 33047, Remanzacco, Italy ; CARA, Unione Astrofili Italani, vicolo Osservatorio 2, 35122, Padova, Italy]
Sugita, S.[Department of Complexity Science & Engineering, University of Tokyo, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan]
Swinyard, B. M.[Planets and Space Plasmas Group, Space Science and Technology Department, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Oxfordshire, UK ; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Place, London #WC1E6BT, UK]
Szutowicz, S.[Space Research Centre, Polish Academy of Science, Warszawa, Poland]
Takato, N.[Subaru Telescope, National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 650 North A'ohoku Place, Hilo, HI 96720, USA]
Tanga, P.[UMR 6202 Cassiopée, University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, CNRS, Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, BP 4229, 06304 Nice Cedex 4, France]
[en] Earth- and space-based observations provide synergistic information for space mission encounters by providing data over longer timescales, at different wavelengths and using techniques that are impossible with an in situ flyby. We report here such observations in support of the EPOXI spacecraft flyby of comet 103P/Hartley 2. The nucleus is small and dark, and exhibited a very rapidly changing rotation period. Prior to the onset of activity, the period was ~16.4 hr. Starting in 2010 August the period changed from 16.6 hr to near 19 hr in December. With respect to dust composition, most volatiles and carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios, the comet is similar to other Jupiter-family comets. What is unusual is the dominance of CO[SUB]2[/SUB]-driven activity near perihelion, which likely persists out to aphelion. Near perihelion the comet nucleus was surrounded by a large halo of water-ice grains that contributed significantly to the total water production.