The riddle of genuine skin microrelief and wrinkles.

[en] Wrinkles result from distinct structural changes occurring in specific parts of the dermis and subcutaneous tissue. There is a need for evidenced-based cosmetology identifying and quantifying the different aspects of wrinkling. Histology allows to detect specific changes associated with particular types of wrinkles. Four main types of wrinkles can thus be recognized, including the atrophic crinkling rhytids, the permanent elastotic creases, the dynamic expression lines, and the gravitational folds. Each type usually develops on specific skin regions exhibiting distinct microanatomical characteristics. Whereas skin microrelief, expression lines and skin folds appear clearly marked at the histological level, only little dermal changes are identified under other reducible or permanent wrinkles compared with the skin immediately adjacent to them. Distinguishing different types of wrinkles brings more precision to the clinical practice. This is of importance because the different types of wrinkles respond differently to cosmetic, dermatological and surgical treatments.

Disciplines :

Dermatology

Author, co-author :

Quatresooz, Pascale ; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège - CHU > Dermatopathologie

Thirion, L.; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège - CHU > Dermatologie

Pierard, Claudine ; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège - CHU > Dermatopathologie

Pierard, Gérald ; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège - CHU > Dermatopathologie

Language :

English

Title :

The riddle of genuine skin microrelief and wrinkles.

Publication date :

2006

Journal title :

International Journal of Cosmetic Science

ISSN :

0142-5463

eISSN :

1467-2494

Publisher :

Blackwell Publishing, United Kingdom

Volume :

Issue :

Pages :

389-95

Peer reviewed :

Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Available on ORBi :

since 23 March 2009

Statistics

Number of views

48 (0 by ULiège)

Number of downloads

32 (0 by ULiège)

More statistics

Scopus citations^®

Scopus citations^®
without self-citations

OpenCitations

Bibliography

Halachmi, S., Yaar, M. and Gilchrest, B.A. Avancées dans le domaine du vieillissement cutané et du photovieillissement. Implications théoriques et pratiques. Ann. Dermatol. Venereol. 132, 362-367 (2005).
Piérard-Franchimont, C. and Piérard, G.E. Assessment of aging and actinic damages by cyanoacrylate skin surface strippings. Am. J. Dermatopathol. 9, 500-509 (1987).
Piérard, G.E. EEMCO guidance for the assessment of dry skin (xerosis) and ichthyosis: evaluation by stratum corneum strippings. Skin Res. Technol. 2, 3-11 (1996).
Lévêque, J.L. EEMCO guidance for the assessment of skin topography. J. Eur. Acad. Dermatol. Venereol. 12, 103-114 (1999).
Piérard, G.E, Hermanns, J.F. and Lapière, Ch. Stéréologie de l'interface dermo-épidermique. Dermatologica 149, 266-273 (1974).
Setaro, M. and Sparavigna, A. Irregularity skin index (ISI): a tool to evaluate skin surface texture. Skin Res. Technol. 7, 159-163 (2001).
Piérard, G.E. and the EEMCO group. EEMCO guidance to the in vivo assessment of tensile functional properties of the skin. Skin Pharmacol. Appl. Skin Physiol. 12, 352-362 (1999).
Batisse, D., Bazin, R., Baldeweck, T. et al. Influence of age on the wrinkling capacities of skin. Skin Res. Technol. 8, 148-154 (2002).
Lemperle, G., Holmes, R.E., Cohen, S.R. et al. A classification of facial wrinkles. Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 108, 1735-1750 (2001).
Piérard, G.E., Uhoda, I. and Piérard-Franchimont, C. From skin microrelief to wrinkles. An area ripe for investigations. J. Cosmet. Dermatol. 2, 21-28 (2003).
Day, D.J., Litler, C.M., Swift, R.W. and Gottlieb, S. The wrinkle severity rating scale. A validation study. Am. J. Clin. Dermatol. 5, 49-52 (2004).
Piérard, G.E. The quandary of climacteric skin aging. Dermatology 193, 273-274 (1996).
Scharffetter-Kochanek, K., Brenneisen, P., Wenk, J. et al. Photoaging of the skin from phenotype to mechanisms. Exp. Gerontol. 35, 307-316 (2000).
Ma, W., Tantcheva-Poor, I., Schneider, L.A. et al. Chronological ageing and photoageing of the fibroblast and the dermal connective tissue. Clin. Exp. Dermatol. 26, 592-599 (2001).
Hermanns, J.F., Petit, L., Piérard-Franchimont, C. et al. Unraveling the patterns of subclinical phaeomelanin-enriched facial hyperpigmentation. Effect of depigmenting agents. Dermatology 201, 118-122 (2000).
Quatresooz, P., Uhoda, I., Piérard-Franchimont, C. and Piérard, G.E. Déterminisme multifactoriel de l'héliodermie. In: Actualités en Ingénierie Cutanée. Vol. 4, (Uhoda, E., Paye, M., Piérard, G.E. eds), pp. 43-50. Publ. Eska, Paris (2005).
Bhawan, J., Oh, C.H., Lew, R. et al. Histopathologic differences in the photoaging processin facial versus arm skin. Am. J. Dermatopathol. 14, 224-230 (1992).
Mauviel, A. and Uitto, J. Enhanced elastin and fibrillin gene expression in chronically photodamaged skin. J. Invest. Dermatol. 103, 182-186 (1994).
Bernstein, E.F., Brown, D.B., Urbach, F. et al. Ultraviolet radiation activated the human elastin promoter in transgenic mice: a novel in vivo and in vitro model of cutaneous photoaging. J. Invest. Dermatol. 105, 269-273 (1995).
Park, P.W., Biedermann, K., Mecham, L. et al. Lysozyme binds to elastin and protects elastin from elastase-mediated degradation. J. Invest. Dermatol. 106, 1075-1080 (1996).
Piérard-Franchimont, C., Uhoda, I., Saint-Léger, D. et al. Androgenic alopecia and stress-induced premature senescence by cumulative ultraviolet light exposure. Exog. Dermatol. 1, 203-206 (2002).
Suwabe, H., Serizawa, A., Kajiwara, H. et al. Degenerative processes of elastic fibers in sun-protected and sun-exposed skin: immunoelectron microscopic observation of elastin, fibrillin-1, amyloid P component, lysozyme and alpha 1-antitrypsin. Pathol. Int. 49, 391-402 (1999).
Watson, R., Griffiths, C., Craven, N. et al. Fibrillin-rich microfibrils are reduced in photoaged skin. Distribution at the dermal epidermal junction. J. Invest. Dermatol. 112, 782-787 (1999).
Fisher, G.J., Datta, S.C., Talwar, H.S. et al. Molecular basis of sun-induced premature skin ageing and retinoid antagonism. Nature 379, 335-339 (1996).
Saarialho-Kere, U., Kerkela, E., Jeskanen, L. et al. Accumulation of matrilysin (MMP-7) and macrophage metalloelastase (MMP-12) in actinic damage. J. Invest. Dermatol. 113, 664-672 (1999).
Ohnishi, Y., Tajima, S., Akiyama, M. et al. Expression of elastin-related proteins and matrix metalloproteinases in actinic elastosis of sun-damaged skin. Arch. Dermatol. Res. 292, 27-31 (2000).
Tsuji, N., Moriwaki, S., Suzuki, Y. et al. The role of elastases secreted by fibroblasts in wrinkle formation: implication through selective inhibition of elastase activity. Photochem. Photobiol. 74, 283-290 (2001).
Talwar, H.S., Griffiths, C.E.M., Fisher, G.J. et al. Reduced type I and III procollagens in photodamaged adult human skin. J. Invest. Dermatol. 105, 285-290 (1995).
Craven, N.M., Watson, R.E.B., Jones, C.J.P. et al. Clinical features of photodamaged human skin are associated with a reduction in collagen VII. Br. J. Dermatol. 137, 344-350 (1997).
Chung, J.H., Seo, J.Y., Choi, H.R. et al. Modulation of skin collagen metabolism in aged and photoaged human skin in vivo. J. Invest. Dermatol. 117, 1218-1224 (2001).
Watson, R.E., Ball, S.G., Craven, N.M. et al. Distribution and expression of type VI collagen in photoaged skin. Br. J. Dermatol. 144, 751-759 (2001).
Boyd, A.S., Stasko, T., King, L.E. et al. Cigarette smoking-associated elastotic changes in the skin. J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 41, 23-26 (1999).
Lahmann, C., Bemann, J., Harrisson, G. et al. Matrix metalloproteinase-1 and skin aging in smokers. Lancet 24, 935-936 (2001).
Piérard, G.E., Piérard-Franchimont, C., Vanderplaetsen, S. et al. Relationships between bone mass density and tensile strength of the skin in women. Eur. J. Clin. Invest. 31, 731-735 (2001).
Quatresooz, P., Hermanns-Lê, T., Ciccarelli, A. et al. Tensegrity and type I dermal dendrocytes in acromegaly. Eur. J. Clin. Invest. 35, 133-139 (2005).
Piérard, G.E. Instrumental evaluation of anti-wrinkle activity of cosmetic products. What's new ? J. Eur. Acad. Dermatol. Venereol. 15, 194-195 (2001).
Piérard, G.E., Uhoda, I. and Piérard-Franchimont, C. Update in the histological presentation of facial wrinkles. Eur. J. Dermatol. 12, S13-S14 (2002).
Piérard, G.E. and Lapière, Ch. M. The microanatomical basis of facial frown lines. Arch. Dermatol. 125, 1090-1092 (1989).
Contet-Andonneau, J.L., Jeanmaire, C. and Pauly, G. A histological study of human wrinkle structures: comparison between sun-exposed areas of the face, with or without wrinkles, and sun-protected areas. Br. J. Dermatol. 140, 1038-1047 (1999).
Bosset, S., Barré, P., Chalon, A. et al. Skin ageing clinical and histopathologic study of permanent and reducible wrinkles. Eur. J. Dermatol. 12, 247-252 (2002).
Hermanns-Lê, T., Uhoda, I., Smitz, S. and Piérard, G.E. Skin tensile properties revisited during ageing. Where now, where next? Cosmet. Dermatol. 3, 35-40 (2004).
Nagashima, H., Hanada, K. and Hashimoto, I. Correlation of skin phototype with facial wrinkle formation. Photodermatol. Photoimmunol. Photomed. 15, 2-6 (1999).