[en] Resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics mediated by metallo-beta-lactamases is an increasingly worrying clinical problem. Candidate inhibitors include mercaptocarboxylic acids, and we report studies of a simple such compound, thiomandelic acid. A series of 35 analogues were synthesized and examined as metallo-beta-lactamase inhibitors. The K(i) values (Bacillus cereus enzyme) are 0.09 microm for R-thiomandelic acid and 1.28 microm for the S-isomer. Structure-activity relationships show that the thiol is essential for activity and the carboxylate increases potency; the affinity is greatest when these groups are close together. Thioesters of thiomandelic acid are substrates for the enzyme, liberating thiomandelic acid, suggesting a starting point for the design of "pro-drugs." Importantly, thiomandelic acid is a broad spectrum inhibitor of metallo-beta-lactamases, with a submicromolar K(i) value for all nine enzymes tested, except the Aeromonas hydrophila enzyme; such a wide spectrum of activity is unprecedented. The binding of thiomandelic acid to the B. cereus enzyme was studied by NMR; the results are consistent with the idea that the inhibitor thiol binds to both zinc ions, while its carboxylate binds to Arg(91). Amide chemical shift perturbations for residues 30-40 (the beta(3)-beta(4) loop) suggest that this small inhibitor induces a movement of this loop of the kind seen for other larger inhibitors.
Disciplines :
Biochemistry, biophysics & molecular biology
Author, co-author :
Mollard, C.
Moali, C.
Papamicael, C.
Damblon, Christian ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de chimie (sciences) > Chimie biologique structurale
Vessilier, S.
Amicosante, G.
Schofield, C. J.
Galleni, Moreno ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département des sciences de la vie > Macromolécules biologiques
Frère, Jean-Marie ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Centre d'ingénierie des protéines
Roberts, G. C.
Language :
English
Title :
Thiomandelic acid, a broad spectrum inhibitor of zinc beta-lactamases: kinetic and spectroscopic studies.
Publication date :
2001
Journal title :
Journal of Biological Chemistry
ISSN :
0021-9258
eISSN :
1083-351X
Publisher :
American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baltimore, United States - Maryland
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