Article (Scientific journals)
Monitoring of urea and potassium by reverse iontophoresis in vitro
Wascotte, Valentine; Delgado-Charro, Begona; Rozet, Eric et al.
2007In Pharmaceutical Research, 24 (6), p. 1131-1137
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Keywords :
non-invasive monitoring; potassium; renal failure; reverse iontophoresis; urea
Abstract :
[en] Purpose. Reverse iontophoresis is an alternative to blood sampling for the monitoring of endogenous molecules. Here, the potential of the technique to measure urea and potassium levels non-invasively, and to track their concentrations during hemodialysis, has been examined. Materials and Methods. In vitro experiments were performed to test (a) a series of subdermal urea and potassium concentrations typical of the pathophysiologic range, and (b) a decreasing profile of urea and potassium subdermal concentrations to mimic those which are observed during hemodialysis. Results. (a) After 60-120 min of iontophoresis, linear relationships (p < 0.05) were established between both urea and potassium fluxes and their respective subdermal concentrations. The determination coefficients were above 0.9 after 1 h of current passage using sodium as an internal standard. (b) Reverse iontophoretic fluxes of urea and K+ closely paralleled the decay of the respective concentrations in the subdermal compartment, as would occur during a hemodialysis session. Conclusions. These in vitro experiments demonstrate that urea and potassium can be quantitatively and proportionately extracted by reverse iontophoresis, even when the subdermal concentrations of the analytes are varying with time. These results suggest the non-invasive monitoring of urea and potassium to diagnose renal failure and during hemodialysis is feasible, and that in vivo measurements are warranted.
Disciplines :
Pharmacy, pharmacology & toxicology
Chemistry
Author, co-author :
Wascotte, Valentine;  Université Catholique de Louvain - UCL > Unité de Pharmacie Galénique
Delgado-Charro, Begona;  University of Bath > Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
Rozet, Eric ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > Chimie analytique
Wallemacq, Pierre;  Université Catholique de Louvain - UCL > Cliniques Universitaires St Luc > Biochimie Médicale
Hubert, Philippe  ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > Chimie analytique
Guy, Richard H.;  University of Bath > Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
Préat, Véronique;  Université Catholique de Louvain - UCL > Unité de Pharmacie Galénique
Language :
English
Title :
Monitoring of urea and potassium by reverse iontophoresis in vitro
Publication date :
June 2007
Journal title :
Pharmaceutical Research
ISSN :
0724-8741
eISSN :
1573-904X
Publisher :
Springer/Plenum Publishers, New York, United States - New York
Volume :
24
Issue :
6
Pages :
1131-1137
Peer reviewed :
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi
Available on ORBi :
since 10 February 2009

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