glacial refugia; macrofossil remains; migration; pollen; vegetation modelling; DNA
Abstract :
[en] Aim To understand the impact of glacial refugia and migration pathways on the modern genetic diversity of Pinus sylvestris. Location The study was carried out throughout Europe. Methods An extended set of data of pollen and macrofossil remains was used to locate the glacial refugia and reconstruct the migrating routes of P. sylvestris throughout Europe. A vegetation model was used to simulate the extent of the potential refugia during the last glacial period. At the same time a genetic survey was carried out on this species. Results The simulated distribution of P. sylvestris during the last glacial period is coherent with the observed fossil data, which showed a patchy distribution of the refugia between c. 40 degrees N and 50 degrees N. Several migrational fronts were detected within the Iberian and the Italian peninsulas, and outside the Hungarian plain and around the Alps. The modern mitochondrial DNA depicted three different haplotypes for P. sylvestris. Two distinct haplotypes were restricted to northern Spain and Italy, and the third haplotype dominated most of the present-day remaining distribution range of P. sylvestris in Europe. Main concluions During the last glacial period P. sylvestris was constrained under severe climatic conditions to survive in scattered and restricted refugial areas. Combining palaeoenvironmental data, vegetation modelling and the genetic data, we have shown that the long-term isolation in the glacial refugia and the migrational process during the Holocene have played a major role in shaping the modern genetic diversity of P. sylvestris in Europe.
Cheddadi, Rachid; University of Montpellier II > Institute of Evolutionary Sciences, UMR 5554
Vendramin, G. G.; Institute of Plant Genetics, Florence, Italy
Litt, T.; University of Bonn > Institute of Paleontology
François, Louis ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'astrophys., géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > Modélisation du climat et des cycles biogéochimiques
Kageyama, M.; IPSL, UMR CEACNRS, Gif-sur-Yvette, France > Laboratory of Climate and Environmental Sciences
Lorentz, S.; Max-Planck Institute for Meteorology, Hamburg, Germany
Laurent, J.-M.; University of Montpellier II > Institute of Evolutionary Sciences, UMR 5554
de Beaulieu, J. L.; Europôle Méditerranéen de l’Arbois > Institute of Mediterranean Ecology and Palaeoecology
Sadori, Laura; University ‘La Sapienza’, Roma, Italy > Department of Vegetation Biology
Jost, A.; IPSL, UMR CEACNRS, Gif-sur-Yvette, France > Laboratory of Climate and Environmental Sciences
Lunt, D.; University of Bristol, Bristol, UK > School of Geographical Sciences
Language :
English
Title :
Imprints of glacial refugia in the modern genetic diversity of Pinus sylvestris
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