[en] X-ray photoelectron diffraction is used to directly probe the intracell polar atomic distortion and tetragonality associated with ferroelectricity in ultrathin epitaxial PbTiO3 films. Our measurements, combined with ab initio calculations, unambiguously demonstrate noncentrosymmetry in films a few unit cells thick, imply that films as thin as three unit cells still preserve a ferroelectric polar distortion, and also show that there is no thick paraelectric dead layer at the surface.
Disciplines :
Physics
Author, co-author :
Despont, L.
Koitzsch, C.
Clerc, F.
Garnier, Manuela ; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège - CHU > Radiothérapie
Aebi, P.
Lichtensteiger, C.
Triscone, J. M.
Garcia de Abajo, F. J.
Bousquet, Eric ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de physique > Physique théorique des matériaux
Ghosez, Philippe ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de physique > Physique théorique des matériaux
Language :
English
Title :
Direct evidence for ferroelectric polar distortion in ultrathin lead titanate perovskite films
Publication date :
2006
Journal title :
Physical Review. B, Condensed Matter and Materials Physics
ISSN :
1098-0121
eISSN :
1550-235X
Publisher :
American Physical Society, Woodbury, United States - New York
C. H. Ahn, K. M. Rabe, and J.-M. Triscone, Science SCIEAS 0036-8075 10.1126/science.1092508 303, 488 (2004).
H. N. Lee, H. M. Christen, M. F. Chisholm, C. M. Rouleau, and D. H. Lowndes, Nature (London) NATUAS 0028-0836 10.1038/nature03261 433, 395 (2005).
R. Waser and A. Rüdiger, Nat. Mater. NMAACR 1476-1122 10.1038/nmat1067 3, 81 (2004).
M.-W. Chu, I. Szafraniak, R. Scholtz, C. Harnagea, D. Hesse, M. Alexe, and U. Gösele, Nat. Mater. NMAACR 1476-1122 10.1038/nmat1057 3, 87 (2004).
L. B. I. I. Naumov and H. Fu, Nature (London) NATUAS 0028-0836 10.1038/nature03107 432, 737 (2004).
T. Tybell, C. H. Ahn, and J.-M. Triscone, Appl. Phys. Lett. APPLAB 0003-6951 10.1063/1.124536 75, 856 (1999).
S. K. Streiffer, J. A. Eastman, D. D. Fong, C. Thompson, A. Munkholm, M. V. Ramana Murty, O. Auciello, G. R. Bai, and G. B. Stephenson, Phys. Rev. Lett. PRLTAO 0031-9007 10.1103/PhysRevLett.89.067601 89, 067601 (2002).
D. D. Fong, G. B. Stephenson, S. K. Streiffer, J. A. Eastman, O. Auciello, P. H. Fuoss, and C. Thompson, Science SCIEAS 0036-8075 10.1126/science.1098252 304, 1650 (2004).
C. Lichtensteiger, J.-M. Triscone, J. Junquera, and P. Ghosez, Phys. Rev. Lett. PRLTAO 0031-9007 10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.047603 94, 047603 (2005).
P. Ghosez and K. M. Rabe, Appl. Phys. Lett. APPLAB 0003-6951 10.1063/1.126469 76, 2767 (2000).
B. Meyer and D. Vanderbilt, Phys. Rev. B PRBMDO 0163-1829 10.1103/PhysRevB.63.205426 63, 205426 (2001).
J. Junquera and P. Ghosez, Nature (London) NATUAS 0028-0836 10.1038/nature01501 422, 506 (2003).
N. Sai, A. M. Kolpak, and A. M. Rappe, Phys. Rev. B PRBMDO 0163-1829 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.020101 72, 020101 (R) (2005).
A. Bune, V. M. Fridkin, S. Ducharme, L. M. Blinov, S. P. Palto, A. V. Sorokin, S. G. Yudin, and A. Zlatkin, Nature (London) NATUAS 0028-0836 10.1038/36069 391, 874 (1998).
W. S. Yun, J. J. Urban, Q. Gu, and H. Park, Nano Lett. NALEFD 1530-6984 10.1021/nl015702g 2, 447 (2002).
R. J. Nelmes and W. F. Kuhs, Solid State Commun. SSCOA4 0038-1098 10.1016/0038-1098(85)90595-2 54, 721 (1985).
F. Jona and G. Shirane, Ferroelectrics Crystals (Dover, New York, 1997).
X. Gonze, J.-M. Beuken, R. Caracas, F. Detraux, M. Fuchs, G.-M. Rignanese, L. Sindic, M. Verstraete, G. Zerah, F. Jollet, M. Torrent, A. Roy, M. Mikami, Ph. Ghosez, J.-Y. Raty, and D. C. Allan, Comput. Mater. Sci. CMMSEM 0927-0256 10.1016/S0927-0256(02)00325-7 25, 478 (2002).
C. Bungaro and K. M. Rabe, Phys. Rev. B PRBMDO 0163-1829 10.1103/PhysRevB.71.035420 71, 035420 (2005).
M. Sepliarsky, M. Stachiotti, and R. L. Migoni, cond-mat/0503524 (unpublished).
A. Munkholm, S. K. Streiffer, M. V. Ramana Murty, J. A. Eastman, C. Thompson, O. Auciello, L. Thompson, J. F. Moore, and G. B. Stephenson, Phys. Rev. Lett. PRLTAO 0031-9007 10.1103/PhysRevLett.88.016101 88, 016101 (2002).
C. B. Eom, J. Z. Sun, B. M. Lairson, S. K. Streiffer, A. F. Marshall, K. Yamamoto, S. M. Anlage, J. C. Bravman, T. H. Geballe, S. S. Laderman, R. C. Taber, and R. D. Jacowitz, Physica C PHYCE6 0921-4534 10.1016/0921-4534(90) 90153-6 171, 354 (1990).
C. Lichtensteiger and J.-M. Triscone, Integr. Ferroelectr. IFEREU 1058-4587 10.1080/10584580490459062 61, 143 (2004).
J. Osterwalder, T. Greber, A. Stuck, and L. Schlapbach, Phys. Rev. B PRBMDO 0163-1829 10.1103/PhysRevB.44.13764 44, 13764 (1991).
D. Naumović, A. Stuck, T. Greber, J. Osterwalder, and L. Schlapbach, Phys. Rev. B PRBMDO 0163-1829 10.1103/PhysRevB.47.7462 47, 7462 (1993).
W. F. Egelhoff, Jr., Crit. Rev. Solid State Mater. Sci. CCRSDA 1040-8436 16, 213 (1990).
C. S. Fadley, Synchrotron Radiation Research: Advances in Surface Science (Plenum, New York, 1990).
L. Despont, C. Lichtensteiger, F.Clerc, M. G. Garnier, F. J. Garcia de Abajo, M. A. Van Hove, J.-M. Triscone, and P. Aebi, Eur. Phys. J. B EPJBFY 1434-6028 49, 141 -146 (2006).
F. J. Garcia de Abajo, M. A. Van Hove, and C. S. Fadley, Phys. Rev. B PRBMDO 0163-1829 10.1103/PhysRevB.63.075404 63, 075404 (2001).
J. B. Pendry, Low Energy Electron Diffraction (Acamedic Press, London, 1974).
D. D. Fong, C. Cionca, Y. Yacoby, G. B. Stephenson, J. A. Eastman, P. H. Fuoss, S. K. Streiffer, C. Thompson, R. Clarke, R. Pindak, and E. A. Stern, Phys. Rev. B PRBMDO 0163-1829 10.1103/PhysRevB.71.144112 71, 144112 (2005).
