The salivary effector protein Sg2204 in the greenbug Schizaphis graminum suppresses wheat defence and is essential for enabling aphid feeding on host plants.
[en] Aphids secrete diverse repertoires of salivary effectors into host plant cells to promote infestation by modulating plant defence. The greenbug Schizaphis graminum is an important cereal aphid worldwide. However, the secreted effectors of S. graminum are still uncharacterized. Here, 76 salivary proteins were identified from the watery saliva of S. graminum using transcriptome and proteome analyses. Among them, a putative salivary effector Sg2204 was significantly up-regulated during aphid feeding stages, and transient overexpression of Sg2204 in Nicotiana benthamiana inhibited cell death induced by BAX or INF1. Delivering Sg2204 into wheat via the type III secretion system of Pseudomonas fluorescens EtAnH suppressed pattern-triggered immunity (PTI)-associated callose deposition. The transcript levels of jasmonic acid (JA)- and salicylic acid (SA)-associated defence genes of wheat were significantly down-regulated, and the contents of both JA and SA were also significantly decreased after delivery of Sg2204 into wheat leaves. Additionally, feeding on wheat expressing Sg2204 significantly increased the weight and fecundity of S. graminum and promoted aphid phloem feeding. Sg2204 was efficiently silenced via spray-based application of the nanocarrier-mediated transdermal dsRNA delivery system. Moreover, Sg2204-silenced aphids induced a stronger wheat defence response and resulted in negative impacts on aphid feeding behaviour, survival and fecundity. Silencing of Sg2204 homologues from four aphid species using nanocarrier-delivered dsRNA also significantly reduced aphid performance on host plants. Thus, our study characterized the salivary effector Sg2204 of S. graminum involved in promoting host susceptibility by suppressing wheat defence, which can also be regarded as a promising RNAi target for aphid control.
Disciplines :
Entomology & pest control
Author, co-author :
Zhang, Yong ; State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
Liu, Xiaobei ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech > Form. doct. sc. agro. & ingé. biol. (paysage) ; State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
Francis, Frédéric ; Université de Liège - ULiège > TERRA Research Centre > Gestion durable des bio-agresseurs
Xie, Haicui; College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao City, China
Fan, Jia; State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
Wang, Qiang ; Université de Liège - ULiège ; State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China ; Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
Liu, Huan; State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
Sun, Yu; State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China ; College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao City, China
Chen, Julian; State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
Language :
English
Title :
The salivary effector protein Sg2204 in the greenbug Schizaphis graminum suppresses wheat defence and is essential for enabling aphid feeding on host plants.
NSCF - National Natural Science Foundation of China [CN]
Funding text :
We thank Prof. Dr. Zhensheng Kang (State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A & F University) for providing the pEDV6 vector, pEDV6:AvrRpt2 constructs, and Pseudomonas fluorescens effector-to-host analyser (EtHAn) strain, and Prof. Dr. Jie Shen and Assoc. Prof. Dr. Shuo Yan (Department of Entomology and MOA Key Laboratory for Monitory and Green Control of Crop Pest, China Agricultural University) for providing star polycation nanocarrier. This study was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 31901881 and 31871979), China's Donation to the CABI Development Fund (IVM10051).We thank Prof. Dr. Zhensheng Kang (State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A & F University) for providing the pEDV6 vector, pEDV6: constructs, and effector‐to‐host analyser (EtHAn) strain, and Prof. Dr. Jie Shen and Assoc. Prof. Dr. Shuo Yan (Department of Entomology and MOA Key Laboratory for Monitory and Green Control of Crop Pest, China Agricultural University) for providing star polycation nanocarrier. This study was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 31901881 and 31871979), China's Donation to the CABI Development Fund (IVM10051). AvrRpt2 Pseudomonas fluorescens
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