ISM: lines and bands; ISM: kinematics and dynamics; dust; extinction; Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract :
[en] Context. Diffuse interstellar bands (DIBs) are common interstellar absorption features in spectroscopic observations but their origins remain unclear. DIBs play an important role in the life cycle of the interstellar medium (ISM) and can also be used to trace Galactic structure. <BR /> Aims: Here, we demonstrate the capacity of the Gaia-Radial Velocity Spectrometer (RVS) in Gaia DR3 to reveal the spatial distribution of the unknown molecular species responsible for the most prominent DIB at 862 nm in the RVS passband, exploring the Galactic ISM within a few kiloparsecs from the Sun. <BR /> Methods: The DIBs are measured within the GSP-Spec module using a Gaussian profile fit for cool stars and a Gaussian process for hot stars. In addition to the equivalent widths and their uncertainties, Gaia DR3 provides their characteristic central wavelength, width, and quality flags. <BR /> Results: We present an extensive sample of 476 117 individual DIB measurements obtained in a homogeneous way covering the entire sky. We compare spatial distributions of the DIB carrier with interstellar reddening and find evidence that DIB carriers are present in a local bubble around the Sun which contains nearly no dust. We characterised the DIB equivalent width with a local density of 0.19 ± 0.04 Å kpc<SUP>−1</SUP> and a scale height of 98.60<SUB>−8.46</SUB><SUP>+11.10</SUP> pc. The latter is smaller than the dust scale height, indicating that DIBs are more concentrated towards the Galactic plane. We determine the rest-frame wavelength with unprecedented precision (λ<SUB>0</SUB> = 8620.86 ± 0.019 Å in air) and reveal a remarkable correspondence between the DIB velocities and the CO gas velocities, suggesting that the 862 nm DIB carrier is related to macro-molecules. <BR /> Conclusions: We demonstrate the unique capacity of Gaia to trace the spatial structure of the Galactic ISM using the 862 nm DIB.
Disciplines :
Space science, astronomy & astrophysics
Author, co-author :
Gaia Collaboration
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Zhao, H.; Observatoire de la Cote d'Azur, France
Zwitter, T.; University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics
Marshall, D. J.; IRAP, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, CNES, 9 Av. Colonel Roche, BP 44346, 31028, Toulouse Cedex 4, France
Drimmel, R.; Astronomical Observatory of Turin
Frémat, Y.; Royal Observatory of Belgium
Bailer-Jones, C. A. L.; Max-Planck-Institute for Astronomy, Heidelberg
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de Bruijne, J. H. J.; European Space Research and Technology Centre
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Evans, D. W.; University of Cambridge, Institute of Astronomy
Eyer, L.; University of Geneva, Astronomical Observatory
Guerra, R.; European Science and Astronomy Center
Hutton, A.; European Science and Astronomy Center
Jordi, C.; Instituto de Ciencias del Cosmos, Barcelona
Mowlavi, N.; University of Geneva, Astronomical Observatory
Nicolas, C.; Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales, Toulouse
Nienartowicz, K.; Sednai Sàrl, Geneva, Switzerland, Department of Astronomy, University of Geneva, Chemin d'Ecogia 16, 1290, Versoix, Switzerland
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Gracia-Abril, G.; European Science and Astronomy Center, -
Portell, J.; Instituto de Ciencias del Cosmos, Barcelona
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Pancino, E.; Astronomical Observatory of Arcetri, ASI Science Data Center
Riello, M.; University of Cambridge, Institute of Astronomy
Rimoldini, L.; University of Geneva, Astronomical Observatory
Roegiers, T.; HE Space Operations BV for European Space Agency (ESA), Keplerlaan 1, 2201 AZ, Noordwijk, The Netherlands
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Abreu Aramburu, A.; European Science and Astronomy Center
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Balbinot, E.; University of Groningen, Kapteyn Astronomical Institute
Balog, Z.; Astronomisches Rechen-Institut, Zentrum fr Astronomie der Universitt Heidelberg, Mnchhofstr. 12-14, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany, Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Knigstuhl 17, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
Barache, C.; Observatoire de Paris, Systemes de Reference Relativistes
Barbato, D.; University of Geneva, Astronomical Observatory, Astronomical Observatory of Turin
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Bartolomé, S.; Instituto de Ciencias del Cosmos, Barcelona
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Bernet, M.; Instituto de Ciencias del Cosmos, Barcelona
Bertone, S.; Center for Research and Exploration in Space Science & Technology, -, Astronomical Observatory of Turin
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Binnenfeld, A.; Tel Aviv University, Israel
Blanco-Cuaresma, S.; Harvard Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
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Bombrun, A.; European Science and Astronomy Center
Bossini, D.; University of Porto, Center for Astrophysics
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Bragaglia, A.; Astronomical Observatory of Bologna
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Fragkoudi, F.; Durham University, Department of Physics, European Southern Observatory, Germany, -
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García-Torres, M.; Data Science and Big Data Lab, Pablo de Olavide University, 41013, Seville, Spain
Garofalo, A.; Astronomical Observatory of Bologna
Gavel, A.; Uppsala University, Department of Physics and Astronomy
Gilmore, G.; University of Cambridge, Institute of Astronomy
Girona, S.; Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Plaça Eusebi Gell 1-3, 08034, Barcelona, Spain
Giuffrida, G.; Astronomical Observatory of Rome
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González-Núñez, J.; European Science and Astronomy Center, University of Vigo, Spain
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González-Vidal, J. J.; Instituto de Ciencias del Cosmos, Barcelona
Granvik, M.; University of Helsinki, Department of Physics, -
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Guy, L. P.; University of Geneva, Astronomical Observatory, -
Hatzidimitriou, D.; University of Athens, Department of Astronomy, National Observatory of Athens, Greece
Hauser, M.; Max-Planck-Institute for Astronomy, Heidelberg, -
Haywood, M.; Observatoire de Paris, Laboratoire Galaxies Etoiles Physiques et Instrumentation
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Sarmiento, M. H.; European Science and Astronomy Center
Hidalgo, S. L.; Astrophysical Institute of the Canaries, University of La Laguna, Department of Astrophysics
Hładczuk, N.; European Science and Astronomy Center, Technical University of Delft, Institute for Earth Observation and Space Systems
Hobbs, D.; Lund Observatory
Holland, G.; University of Cambridge, Institute of Astronomy
Huckle, H. E.; University College London, Mullard Space Science Laboratory
Jardine, K.; Radagast Solutions, Simon Vestdijkpad 24, 2321WD Leiden, The Netherlands
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Jiménez-Arranz, Ó.; Instituto de Ciencias del Cosmos, Barcelona
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Julbe, F.; Instituto de Ciencias del Cosmos, Barcelona
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Kostrzewa-Rutkowska, Z.; Leiden Observatory, Netherlands Institute for Space Research
Kruszyńska, K.; University of Warsaw, Department of Astronomy
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Leccia, S.; Astronomical Observatory of Capodimonte
Leclerc, N.; Observatoire de Paris, Laboratoire Galaxies Etoiles Physiques et Instrumentation
Lecoeur-Taibi, I.; University of Geneva, Astronomical Observatory
Liao, S.; CAS, Shanghai Observatory, Astronomical Observatory of Turin, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing
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Lindstrøm, H. E. P.; Astronomical Observatory of Turin, Niels Bohr Institute for Astronomy, Physics and Geophysics, -
Lister, T. A.; Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope
Livanou, E.; University of Athens, Department of Astronomy
Lobel, A.; Royal Observatory of Belgium
Lorca, A.; European Science and Astronomy Center
Loup, C.; Centre de Donnees Astronomiques, Strasbourg
Madrero Pardo, P.; Instituto de Ciencias del Cosmos, Barcelona
Magdaleno Romeo, A.; Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales, Toulouse
Managau, S.; Thales Alenia Space, France
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Manteiga, M.; CIGUS CITIC, Department of Nautical Sciences and Marine Engineering, University of A Coruña, Paseo de Ronda 51, 15071, A Coruña, Spain
Marchant, J. M.; Liverpool John Moores University, Astrophysics Research Institute
Marconi, M.; Astronomical Observatory of Capodimonte
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Marín Pina, D.; Instituto de Ciencias del Cosmos, Barcelona
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Martín-Fleitas, J. M.; European Science and Astronomy Center
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Masip, A.; Instituto de Ciencias del Cosmos, Barcelona
Massari, D.; Astronomical Observatory of Bologna
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Mazeh, T.; Tel Aviv University, Sackler School of Physics and Astronomy
McMillan, P. J.; Lund Observatory
Messina, S.; Astronomical Observatory of Catania
Michalik, D.; European Space Research and Technology Centre
Millar, N. R.; University of Cambridge, Institute of Astronomy
Mints, A.; Leibniz Institute for Astrophysics, Potsdam
Molina, D.; Instituto de Ciencias del Cosmos, Barcelona
Molinaro, R.; Astronomical Observatory of Capodimonte
Molnár, L.; Konkoly Observatory, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences, Etvs Loránd Research Network (ELKH), MTA Centre of Excellence, Konkoly Thege Miklós út 15-17, 1121, Budapest, Hungary, MTA CSFK Lendlet Near-Field Cosmology Research Group, Konkoly Observatory, MTA Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences, Konkoly Thege Miklós út 15-17, 1121, Budapest, Hungary, ELTE Etvs Loránd University, Institute of Physics, 1117, Pázmány Péter sétány 1A, Budapest, Hungary
Monari, G.; Centre de Donnees Astronomiques, Strasbourg
Monguió, M.; Instituto de Ciencias del Cosmos, Barcelona
Montegriffo, P.; Astronomical Observatory of Bologna
Montero, A.; European Science and Astronomy Center
Mor, R.; Instituto de Ciencias del Cosmos, Barcelona
Mora, A.; European Science and Astronomy Center
Morbidelli, R.; Astronomical Observatory of Turin
Morel, Thierry ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Unités de recherche interfacultaires > Space sciences, Technologies and Astrophysics Research (STAR)
Morris, D.; Royal Observatory Edinburgh
Muraveva, T.; Astronomical Observatory of Bologna
Murphy, C. P.; European Science and Astronomy Center
Musella, I.; Astronomical Observatory of Capodimonte
Nagy, Z.; Konkoly Observatory, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences, Etvs Loránd Research Network (ELKH), MTA Centre of Excellence, Konkoly Thege Miklós út 15-17, 1121, Budapest, Hungary
Noval, L.; Thales Alenia Space, France
Ocaña, F.; Telespazio UK S.L. for European Space Agency (ESA), Camino bajo del Castillo, s/n, Urbanizacion Villafranca del Castillo, Villanueva de la Cañada, 28692, Madrid, Spain, Departmento de Física de la Tierra y Astrofísica, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
Ogden, A.; University of Cambridge, Institute of Astronomy
Ordenovic, C.; Observatoire de la Cote d'Azur, France
Osinde, J. O.; European Science and Astronomy Center
Pagani, C.; University of Leicester, Department of Physics and Astronomy
Pagano, I.; Astronomical Observatory of Catania
Palaversa, L.; Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Zagreb, Croatia, University of Cambridge, Institute of Astronomy
Palicio, P. A.; Observatoire de la Cote d'Azur, France
Pallas-Quintela, L.; CIGUS CITIC - Department of Computer Science and Information Technologies, University of A Coruña, Campus de Elviña s/n, A Coruña, 15071, Spain
Panahi, A.; Tel Aviv University, Sackler School of Physics and Astronomy
Payne-Wardenaar, S.; Astronomisches Rechen-Institut, Zentrum fr Astronomie der Universitt Heidelberg, Mnchhofstr. 12-14, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
Peñalosa Esteller, X.; Instituto de Ciencias del Cosmos, Barcelona
Penttilä, A.; University of Helsinki, Department of Physics
Pichon, B.; Observatoire de la Cote d'Azur, France
Piersimoni, A. M.; Astronomical Observatory of Teramo
Pineau, F. -X.; Centre de Donnees Astronomiques, Strasbourg
Plachy, E.; Konkoly Observatory, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences, Etvs Loránd Research Network (ELKH), MTA Centre of Excellence, Konkoly Thege Miklós út 15-17, 1121, Budapest, Hungary, MTA CSFK Lendlet Near-Field Cosmology Research Group, Konkoly Observatory, MTA Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences, Konkoly Thege Miklós út 15-17, 1121, Budapest, Hungary, ELTE Etvs Loránd University, Institute of Physics, 1117, Pázmány Péter sétány 1A, Budapest, Hungary
Plum, G.; Observatoire de Paris, Laboratoire Galaxies Etoiles Physiques et Instrumentation
Poggio, E.; Observatoire de la Cote d'Azur, France, Astronomical Observatory of Turin
Prša, A.; Villanova University, Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics
Pulone, L.; Astronomical Observatory of Rome
Racero, E.; European Science and Astronomy Center, Institute of Astronomy and Geophysics, Madrid
Ragaini, S.; Astronomical Observatory of Bologna
Rainer, M.; Astronomical Observatory of Arcetri, Astronomical Observatory of Brera, Milan
Raiteri, C. M.; Astronomical Observatory of Turin
Ramos, P.; Instituto de Ciencias del Cosmos, Barcelona, Centre de Donnees Astronomiques, Strasbourg
Ramos-Lerate, M.; Telespazio UK S.L. for European Space Agency (ESA), Camino bajo del Castillo, s/n, Urbanizacion Villafranca del Castillo, Villanueva de la Cañada, 28692, Madrid, Spain
Re Fiorentin, P.; Astronomical Observatory of Turin
Regibo, S.; Katholieke University of Leuven, Astronomical Institute
Richards, P. J.; Rutherford Appleton Laboratory
Rios Diaz, C.; European Science and Astronomy Center
Ripepi, V.; Astronomical Observatory of Capodimonte
Riva, A.; Astronomical Observatory of Turin
Rix, H. -W.; Max-Planck-Institute for Astronomy, Heidelberg
Rixon, G.; University of Cambridge, Institute of Astronomy
Robichon, N.; Observatoire de Paris, Laboratoire Galaxies Etoiles Physiques et Instrumentation
Robin, A. C.; Universe, Time-Frequency, Interfaces, Nanostructures, Atmosphere and Environment, Molecules, Besancon
Robin, C.; Thales Alenia Space, France
Roelens, M.; University of Geneva, Astronomical Observatory
Rogues, H. R. O.; Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales, Toulouse
Rohrbasser, L.; University of Geneva, Astronomical Observatory
Romero-Gómez, M.; Instituto de Ciencias del Cosmos, Barcelona
Rowell, N.; Royal Observatory Edinburgh
Royer, F.; Observatoire de Paris, Laboratoire Galaxies Etoiles Physiques et Instrumentation
Ruz Mieres, D.; University of Cambridge, Institute of Astronomy
Rybicki, K. A.; University of Warsaw, Department of Astronomy
Sadowski, G.; Vrije Universiteit, Brussels, Astronomy and Astrophysics Research Group
Sáez Núñez, A.; Instituto de Ciencias del Cosmos, Barcelona
Sagristà Sellés, A.; Astronomisches Rechen-Institut, Zentrum fr Astronomie der Universitt Heidelberg, Mnchhofstr. 12-14, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
Sahlmann, J.; European Science and Astronomy Center
Salguero, E.; European Science and Astronomy Center
Samaras, N.; Royal Observatory of Belgium, Charles University, Astronomical Institute
Sanchez Gimenez, V.; Instituto de Ciencias del Cosmos, Barcelona
Sanna, N.; Astronomical Observatory of Arcetri
Santoveña, R.; CIGUS CITIC - Department of Computer Science and Information Technologies, University of A Coruña, Campus de Elviña s/n, A Coruña, 15071, Spain
Sarasso, M.; Astronomical Observatory of Turin
Sciacca, E.; Astronomical Observatory of Catania
Segol, M.; Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales, Toulouse
Segovia, J. C.; European Science and Astronomy Center
Ségransan, D.; University of Geneva, Astronomical Observatory
Semeux, D.; Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales, Toulouse
Shahaf, S.; Weizmann Institute of Science, Astrophysics Group
Siddiqui, H. I.; Princeton University, Department of Astrophysical Sciences
Siebert, A.; Centre de Donnees Astronomiques, Strasbourg, Centre de Donnees Astronomiques, Strasbourg
Siltala, L.; University of Helsinki, Department of Physics
Silvelo, A.; CIGUS CITIC - Department of Computer Science and Information Technologies, University of A Coruña, Campus de Elviña s/n, A Coruña, 15071, Spain
Slezak, E.; Observatoire de la Cote d'Azur, France
Slezak, I.; Observatoire de la Cote d'Azur, France
Smart, R. L.; Astronomical Observatory of Turin
Snaith, O. N.; Observatoire de Paris, Laboratoire Galaxies Etoiles Physiques et Instrumentation
Stephenson, C. A.; Telespazio UK S.L. for European Space Agency (ESA), Camino bajo del Castillo, s/n, Urbanizacion Villafranca del Castillo, Villanueva de la Cañada, 28692, Madrid, Spain, CGI Deutschland B.V. &, Co. KG, Mornewegstr. 30, 64293, Darmstadt, Germany
Süveges, M.; University of Geneva, Switzerland
Surdej, Jean ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'astrophysique, géophysique et océanographie (AGO)
Szabados, L.; Konkoly Observatory, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences, Etvs Loránd Research Network (ELKH), MTA Centre of Excellence, Konkoly Thege Miklós út 15-17, 1121, Budapest, Hungary
Szegedi-Elek, E.; Konkoly Observatory, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences, Etvs Loránd Research Network (ELKH), MTA Centre of Excellence, Konkoly Thege Miklós út 15-17, 1121, Budapest, Hungary
Taris, F.; Observatoire de Paris, Systemes de Reference Relativistes
Taylor, M. B.; University of Bristol, School of Physics
Teixeira, R.; University of Sao Paulo, Institute for Astronomy, Geophysics, and Atmospheric Sciences
Tonello, N.; Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Plaça Eusebi Gell 1-3, 08034, Barcelona, Spain
Torra, F.; Instituto de Ciencias del Cosmos, Barcelona
Torra, J.; Instituto de Ciencias del Cosmos, Barcelona
Torralba Elipe, G.; CIGUS CITIC - Department of Computer Science and Information Technologies, University of A Coruña, Campus de Elviña s/n, A Coruña, 15071, Spain
Trabucchi, M.; University of Padua, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Geneva, Astronomical Observatory
Tsounis, A. T.; CERN, Esplanade des Particules 1, PO Box 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
Turon, C.; Observatoire de Paris, Laboratoire Galaxies Etoiles Physiques et Instrumentation
Ulla, A.; University of Vigo, Spain
Unger, N.; University of Geneva, Astronomical Observatory
Vaillant, M. V.; Thales Alenia Space, France
van Dillen, E.; Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales, Toulouse
van Reeven, W.; Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, 1331 Pennsylvania Ave. NW, Washington, D.C., 20004, USA
Vanel, O.; Observatoire de Paris, Laboratoire Galaxies Etoiles Physiques et Instrumentation
Vecchiato, A.; Astronomical Observatory of Turin
Viala, Y.; Observatoire de Paris, Laboratoire Galaxies Etoiles Physiques et Instrumentation
Vicente, D.; Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Plaça Eusebi Gell 1-3, 08034, Barcelona, Spain
Voutsinas, S.; Royal Observatory Edinburgh
Weiler, M.; Instituto de Ciencias del Cosmos, Barcelona
Wevers, T.; University of Cambridge, Institute of Astronomy, European Southern Observatory, Chile
Wyrzykowski, Ł.; University of Warsaw, Department of Astronomy
Yoldas, A.; University of Cambridge, Institute of Astronomy
Yvard, P.; Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales, Toulouse
