Efficiency of fatty acid-enriched dipteran-based meal on husbandry, digestive activity and immunological responses of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus juveniles
[en] This study aimed to compare the enrichment capacity of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and the long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) of two dipteran species, Hermetia illucens - black soldier fly (BSF) - and a blowfly, Chrysomya putoria (CP), and to test its influence on growth, digestive activities and immune responses of Nile tilapia. Two types of enriched insect larval meal were produced using larvae cultured either on vegetable substrates (VGS) to formulate two diets rich in linolenic acid (ALA) (BSF/VGD and CP/VGD), or on fish offal substrates (FOS), in order to produce two diets rich in ALA and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) (BSF/FOD) or in ALA + EPA and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (CP/FOD). These four insect-based diets containing only palm oil as a lipid source were compared to a control diet based on fish meal (FM) and fish oil (FO). After 60 days of feeding, ALA or DHA muscle content of fish fed BSF/VGD or CP/FOD diet was comparable to that of the FMFO diet, and all insect diets increased the EPA muscle levels, except for a reduction by the BSF/VGD one. The CP/FOD diet induced similar fish growth, feed efficiency and protein efficiency ratio compared to the control FMFO diet, while a decrease was observed in fish fed other insect diets. Only BSF/VGD led to a decrease in protein and lipid digestibility. CP or BSF larval meal significantly increased alkaline phosphatase activity regardless of fatty acid (FA) enrichment. The expression level of fads2, fads6 and elovl5 was significantly higher in fish fed the BSF/VGD diet compared to fish fed the FMFO diet. FA-enriched insect diets increased some immune variables such as lysozyme, peroxidase and ACH50 values of fish fed CP/FOD, CP/VGD or BSF/VGD diets. Moreover, the expression level of β-defensin-1 and mhcII genes were significantly higher in fish fed the BSF/FOD diet than the FMFO diet. Also, the expression of the pro-inflammatory gene il-1-β was significantly higher in fish fed FMFO diet than in those fed CP/FOD diet, but comparable to fish fed all other diets. No significant effects were observed for the other tested genes. The results showed a better efficiency in LC-PUFA enrichment of the CP larvae compared to BSF ones, resulting in a higher stimulation of the fish nutrient utilization processes and therefore, a higher growth capacity. Nonetheless, all dipteran larval meal stimulated the immune status whatever the insect species or dietary essential fatty acids.
Disciplines :
Chemistry Entomology & pest control
Author, co-author :
Agbohessou, Pamphile S.; Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life, Earth and Environment (ILEE), University of Namur, Belgium ; Laboratory of Hydrobiology and Aquaculture (LHA), Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin
Mandiki, Syaghalirwa N.M.; Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life, Earth and Environment (ILEE), University of Namur, Belgium
Gougbédji, Armel; Laboratory of Hydrobiology and Aquaculture (LHA), Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin ; Functional and Evolutionary Entomology-Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
Megido, Rudy Caparros; Functional and Evolutionary Entomology-Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
Lima, Lil-Marlys W.; Laboratory of Hydrobiology and Aquaculture (LHA), Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin
Cornet, Valérie; Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life, Earth and Environment (ILEE), University of Namur, Belgium
Lambert, Jérôme; Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life, Earth and Environment (ILEE), University of Namur, Belgium
Purcaro, Giorgia ; Université de Liège - ULiège > TERRA Research Centre > Chimie des agro-biosystèmes
Francis, Frédéric ; Université de Liège - ULiège > TERRA Research Centre > Gestion durable des bio-agresseurs
Lalèyè, Philippe A.; Laboratory of Hydrobiology and Aquaculture (LHA), Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin
Kestemont, Patrick; Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life, Earth and Environment (ILEE), University of Namur, Belgium
Language :
English
Title :
Efficiency of fatty acid-enriched dipteran-based meal on husbandry, digestive activity and immunological responses of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus juveniles
ARES - Académie de Recherche et d'Enseignement Supérieur [BE]
Funding text :
Pamphile S. AGBOHESSOU is a PhD grant holder from ARES-CCD in PRD project (OpTil-Benin). Our acknowledgements to “Académie de Recherche et d'Enseignement Supérieur” (ARES-Belgium) which funded this research (Accession numbers: 31382). We would like to thank Dr. Georg Goergen who helped us for the identification of the fly species in this study as well as Dr. Carolin Mayer for revising the English syntax throughout the manuscript.
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