Special Issue Commemorating 20 Years of NF-κB Research
1132-1141
International
0006-2952
Oxford
England
[en] NF-kappa B ; double-strand breaks ; cellular signalling ; ATM ; DNA topoisomerase inhibitors ; ionizing radiation
[en] Cellular response to DNA damage is complex and relies on the simultaneous activation of different networks. It involves DNA damage recognition, repair, and induction of signalling cascades leading to cell cycle checkpoint activation, apoptosis, and stress related responses. The fate of damaged cells depends on the balance between pro- and antiapoptotic signals. in this decisive life or death choice, the transcription factor NF-kappa B has emerged as a prosurvival actor in most cell types. As corollary, it appears to be associated with tumorigenic process and resistance to therapeutic strategies as it protects cancerous cells from death. in this review, we will focus on NF-kappa B activation by double-strand breaks inducing agents, such as ionizing radiation and DNA topoisomerase I and II inhibitors routinely used in cancer therapy. Coinciding with the 20th anniversary of the NF-kappa B discovery, major steps of the DSB-triggered cascade have been recently identified. Two parallel cascades are necessary for NF-kappa B activation. The first one depends on ATM (activated by double-strand breaks) and the second on PIDD (activated by an unknown stress signal). The phosphorylation of NEMO by ATM is the point of convergence of these two cascades. The identification of ATM/NEMO complex as the long searched "nuclear to cytoplasm" signal leading to IKK activation is also a major piece of the puzzle. The knowledge of the precise steps leading to DSB-initiated NF kappa B activation will allow the development of specific blocking compounds reducing its prosurvival function. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Giga-Signal Transduction
Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique (Communauté française de Belgique) - F.R.S.-FNRS ; Politique Scientifique Fédérale (Belgique) = Belgian Federal Science Policy
[Université de Liège - ULg > > Virologie - Immunologie >]
