barrier function; citrus pulp; gut morphology; inflammation; intestinal health; inulin; metabolites; microbiota; Food Science; Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism; Nutrition and Dietetics
Abstract :
[en] We investigated the use of citrus pulp (CP) as a novel prebiotic capable of exerting microbiota and immunomodulating capacities to alleviate weaning stress. Inulin (IN), a well-known prebiotic, was used for comparison. Hundred and 28 male weaned piglets of 21 days old were assigned to 32 pens of 4 piglets each. Piglets were assigned to one of the four treatments, i.e., control, IN supplemented at 0.2% (IN0.2%), and CP supplemented either at 0.2% (CP0.2%) or at 2% (CP2%). On d10-11 and d31-32 post-weaning, one pig per pen was euthanized for intestinal sampling to evaluate the growth performance, chyme characteristics, small intestinal morphology, colonic inflammatory response and barrier integrity, metabolite profiles [gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)], and microbial populations. The IN treatment and the two CP treatments induced higher small intestinal villus height to crypt depth ratios in comparison with the control diet at both sampling times. All treatments decreased acidic goblet cell absolute counts in the crypts in comparison to the control diet of the duodenum on d10-11 and d31-32. The gene expression of β-defensin 2 was downregulated in colonic tissues following the IN and CP2% inclusion on d31-32. On d31-32, piglets fed with IN and CP0.2% showed lower mRNA levels of occludin and claudin-3, respectively. Not surprisingly, flavonoids were observed in the colon in the CP treatments. Increased colonic acetate proportions on d10-11, at the expense of branched-chain fatty acid (BCFA) levels, were observed following the CP2% supplementation compared to the control diet, inferring a reduction of proteolytic fermentation in the hindgut. The beneficial microbial community Faecalibacterium spp. was promoted in the colon of piglets fed with CP2% on d10-11 (p = 0.04; false discovery rate (FDR) non-significant) and on d31-32 (p = 0.03; FDR non-significant) in comparison with the control diet. Additionally, on d31-32, CP2% increased the relative abundance of Megasphaera spp. compared to control values (p = 0.03; FDR non-significant). In conclusion, CP2% promoted the growth of beneficial bacterial communities in both post-weaning time points, modulating colonic fermentation patterns in the colon. The effects of CP supplementation were similar to those of IN and showed the potential as a beneficial feed supplement to alleviate weaning stress.
Disciplines :
Agriculture & agronomy
Author, co-author :
Uerlings, Julie ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département GxABT > Ingénierie des productions animales et nutrition ; Research Foundation for Industry and Agriculture, National Scientific Research Foundation (FRIA-FNRS), Brussels, Belgium
Arevalo Sureda, Ester ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département GxABT > Ingénierie des productions animales et nutrition
Kroeske, Kikianne ; Université de Liège - ULiège > TERRA Research Centre ; Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Melle, Belgium
Tanghe, Sofie; Royal Agrifirm Group, Apeldoorn, Netherlands
De Vos, Maartje; Royal Agrifirm Group, Apeldoorn, Netherlands
Bruggeman, Geert; Royal Agrifirm Group, Apeldoorn, Netherlands
Wavreille, José ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département GxABT
Bindelle, Jérôme ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département GxABT > Ingénierie des productions animales et nutrition
Purcaro, Giorgia ; Université de Liège - ULiège > TERRA Research Centre > Chimie des agro-biosystèmes
Everaert, Nadia ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département GxABT ; Animal and Human Health Engineering, Department of Biosystems, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium
Language :
English
Title :
Impact of Citrus Pulp or Inulin on Intestinal Microbiota and Metabolites, Barrier, and Immune Function of Weaned Piglets.
F.R.S.-FNRS - Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique [BE]
Funding text :
ID33848511), and the Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique-FNRS (Grant No. 31248729).This work was supported by the Research Foundation for Industry and Agriculture, FRIA-FNRS, Belgium (Grant No.
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