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Revisit to Nuclear Spin Temperature of Ammonia in Comets
Shinnaka, Yoshiharu; Jehin, Emmanuel; Manfroid, Jean et al.
2009In Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society, 41, p. 15.12
 

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Abstract :
[en] Comets had formed from dust and icy materials in the solar nebula 4.6 Gyrs ago. The cometary materials are considered as the most pristine in the solar system and both dust grains and icy materials in comets have been used to investigate the formation conditions of the solar system. One of interesting primordial characters is a nuclear spin temperature (related to an ortho-to-para ratio; OPR) of cometary molecules such as H2O, NH3, etc. The nuclear spin temperatures probably reflect the molecular formation temperatures in the solar nebula (or in the presolar molecular cloud). In this work, we analyzed high dispersion optical spectra of C/2001 Q4 (NEAT), C/2000 WM1 (LINEAR), 88P/Howell, fragments B and C of 73P/Schwassmann-Wachmann 3 and 8P/Tuttle. Our observations were performed by the Ultraviolet and Visual Echelle Spectrograph (UVES) mounted on the Very Large Telescope (VLT) in Chile and the High Dispersion Spectrograph (HDS) mounted on the Subaru telescope in Hawaii. We determined nuclear spin temperatures of NH3 in five comets based on optical spectra of NH2. The nuclear spin temperatures of NH3 can be obtained from OPRs of NH2. We used the (0,9,0) ro-vibronic band at 610nm in this work. Absorption lines (by the telluric atmosphere) and cometary C2 emission lines blended with NH2 emission lines were also taken into account in our analysis. These lines have never been considered in previous studies. The origin of icy materials in the five comets will be discussed based on these results.
Disciplines :
Space science, astronomy & astrophysics
Author, co-author :
Shinnaka, Yoshiharu;  Kyoto Sangyo University, Japan
Jehin, Emmanuel  ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'astrophys., géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > Astrophysique et traitement de l'image
Manfroid, Jean  ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'astrophys., géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > Département d'astrophys., géophysique et océanographie (AGO)
Hutsemekers, Damien ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'astrophys., géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > Astroph. extragalactique et observations spatiales (AEOS)
Arpigny, Claude ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'astrophys., géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > Département d'astrophys., géophysique et océanographie (AGO)
Kanda, Y.;  Kyoto Sangyo University, Japan
Kobayashi, H.;  Kyoto Sangyo University, Japan
Kawakita, H.;  Kyoto Sangyo University, Japan
Language :
English
Title :
Revisit to Nuclear Spin Temperature of Ammonia in Comets
Publication date :
01 September 2009
Audience :
International
Journal title :
Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society
ISSN :
0002-7537
eISSN :
2330-9458
Publisher :
American Astronomical Society, New York, United States - New York
Volume :
41
Pages :
15.12
Commentary :
41
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since 07 February 2010

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