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Abstract :
[en] The book introduces trade restrictions for security reasons and how international and European legally and politically binding regimes regulate the different categories of strategic items controlled. Part I outlines the overall structure and general principles of the World Trade Organisation (WTO). It focuses on provisions which establish the possibility of derogations to the general principle of free trade, within the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). In this framework, Article XX of the GATT, which establishes general exceptions, is succinctly explored, while the main part of this chapter is devoted to the analysis of Article XXI, which sets up security exceptions. Part II explores free trade exceptions organized by international legally and politically binding instruments, covering the following categories of items:
— Conventional Weapons;
— Weapons of mass destruction (WMD-including nuclear, chemical and biological weapons) and Dual-Use Items;
— Conflict Minerals;
— Diamonds;
— Cultural Goods. Finally, Part III analyses the same categories of items under the European Union law perspective.