Alison Broinowski, "Asianization and its Discontents", Meanjin 57, 3 (1998), 440
Alan Lawson, "Patterns, Preferences and Preoccupations; The Discovery of Nationality in Australian and Canadian Literatures", in Theory and Practice in Comparative Studies: Canada, Australia and New Zealand, Sydney: ANZAC, 1983, p. 67
The Tyranny of Distance is, of course, the title of Geoffrey Blainey's celebrated book on Australia, in which distance (from Britain) is consistently highlighted as "a central and unifying factor" in the country's history. See Geoffrey Blainey, The Tyranny of Distance: How Distance Shaped Australia's History, Melbourne: Macmillan, 1968, p. viii
Interestingly for my purpose, the second section of the book, entitled "The Taming of Distance", includes a chapter, "Antipodes Adrift", which documents the breakdown of Australia's sense of isolation after World War II, when the resurgence of a vigorous nationalism in the new Asian nations forced Australians to become aware of their dangerous proximity to South East Asia. However, Blainey notes that this situation only led to a defensive increase of assisted migration from Europe to Australia: "Australia's nearness to a reviving Asia had led indirectly to a heavy inflow of European migrants and European and North American money. In a sense Australia had become even more an outrider of the northern hemisphere, of European civilization" (p. 335)
Robert Drewe, "A Cry in the Jungle Bar: Australians in Asia", Meridian 5, 2 (1986), 135
John Thieme, "Robert Drewe's Australias - with Particular Reference to The Bodysurfers", in The Making of a Pluralist Australia 1950-1990, eds. Werner Senn and Giovanna Capone, Bern and New York: Peter Lang, 1992, p. 50
Drewe, "A Cry in the Jungle Bar", 133-4
Randolph Stow, Tourmaline, Ringwood, Victoria: Penguin, 1984, p. 148
Jill Neville, Independent, 14 April 1990
Peter Knox-Shaw, "Malouf's Epic and the Unravelling of a National Stereotype", Journal of Commonwealth Literature, 26, 1 (1991), 94
Nicholas Jose, Chinese Whispers: Cultural Essays, Kent Town, S.A.: Wakefield Press, 1995, p. x
Incidentally, the focus on the Tiananmen massacre is relevant to Jose's cross-cultural theme, because the 1989 demonstrations occurred in the context of the seventieth anniversary of the "May 4th Movement for democracy, science and the revitalization of Chinese culture", which was critical of China's traditions and concerned with the spreading of western ideas. See Nicholas Jose, "Afterword: the Peking Massacre", in Avenue of Eternal Peace, New York: Penguin, 1991, p. 268
Wilson Harris, The Womb of Space: The Cross-Cultural Imagination, Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 1983, p. 72
It is worth pointing to Jose's extraordinary prescience since the student demonstrations about which he is writing here had only been "fictional possibilities", as he himself says, at the time when he completed his manuscript in 1987 - i.e., two years before the actual events. See Jose, "Afterword: the Peking Massacre", p. 267
Nicholas Jose, The Rose Crossing, London: Hamish Hamilton, 1995, p. 62. Subsequent references are to this edition and will be cited in the text
Jose, Chinese Whispers, p. 166
A phrase proposed by Helen Tiffin, "Asia and the Contemporary Australian Novel", Australian Literary Studies, 11, 4 (1984), 468
see Robin Gerster, "Covering Australia: Foreign Correspondents in Asia", in Wenche Ommundsen and Hazel Rowley, eds., From a Distance: Australian Writers and Cultural Displacement, Geelong: Deakin UP, 1996, p. 126
Gerster, "Covering Australia", p. 117
Q. S. Tong, "Inventing China: the Use of Orientalist Views on the Chinese Language", Interventions: International Journal of Postcolonial Studies, 2, 1 (2000), 18
See John Thieme, "After Greenwich: Crossing Meridians in Post-Colonial Literature", in Marc Delrez and Bénédicte Ledent, eds., The Contact and the Culmination: Essays in Honour of Hena Maes-Jelinek, Liège: Liège Language and Literature, 1996, p. 356