The Fleet Size and Mix Vehicle Routing Problem with sequence-based pallet loading and axle weight constraints

In this paper, the Fleet Size and Mix Vehicle Routing Problem (FSM) with sequence-based pallet loading and axle weight constraints is introduced. The effect of the integration of axle weight constraints in a FSM is analyzed by comparing the FSM with and without axle weight constraints. A vehicle fleet of 30-foot and 45-foot trucks, consisting of a tractor and a semi-trailer, is considered. Furthermore, two scenarios are analyzed for which the objective function differs: in the first scenario the objective is to minimize total distance while in the second scenario the objective is the minimization of total transport costs. An Iterated Local Search metaheuristic algorithm is used to tackle the problem. The results indicate that the vehicle fleet strongly influences the impact of the integration of axle weight constraints on solution cost. Furthermore, the analysis points out that fleet size and mix decisions may be influenced by the integration of axle weight constraints.