Phytoplankton dynamics in the Congo River

Descy, Jean-Pierre; Darchambeau, François; Lambert, Thibault; Stoyneva-Gaertner, Maya P.; Bouillon, Steven; Borges, Alberto

doi:10.1111/fwb.12851

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Phytoplankton dynamics in the Congo River

Descy, Jean-Pierre; Darchambeau, François; Lambert, Thibault et al.

2017 • In Freshwater Biology, 62 (1), p. 87-101

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https://hdl.handle.net/2268/206003

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10.1111/fwb.12851

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Keywords :

diatoms; green algae; large tropical river; physical control; potamoplankton

Abstract :

[en] We report a dataset of phytoplankton in the Congo River, acquired along a 1700-km stretch in the mainstem during high water (HW, December 2013) and falling water (FW, June 2014). Samples for phytoplankton analysis were collected in the main river, in tributaries and one lake, and various relevant environmental variables were measured. Phytoplankton biomass and composition were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography analysis of chlorophyll a (Chl a) and marker pigments and by microscopy. Primary production measurements were made using the 13C incubation technique. In addition, data are also reported from a 19-month regular sampling (bi-monthly) at a fixed station in the mainstem of the upper Congo (at the city of Kisangani). * Chl a concentrations differed between the two periods studied: in the mainstem, they varied between 0.07 and 1.77 μg L−1 in HW conditions and between 1.13 and 7.68 μg L−1 in FW conditions. The relative contribution to phytoplankton biomass from tributaries (mostly black waters) and from a few permanent lakes was low, and the main confluences resulted in phytoplankton dilution. Based on marker pigment concentration, green algae (both chlorophytes and streptophytes) dominated in the mainstem in HW, whereas diatoms dominated in FW; cryptophytes and cyanobacteria were more abundant but still relatively low in the FW period, both in the tributaries and in the main channel. 15) varied between 64.3 and 434.1 mg C m−2 day−1 in FW conditions and between 51.5 and 247.6 mg C m−2 day−1 in HW. Phytoplankton biomass in the Congo River mainstem was likely constrained by hydrological factors (accumulation due to increased retention time during FW, dilution by increased discharge during HW), even though increased nutrient availability in the FW period might have also stimulated phytoplankton production. * In contrast to other tropical river systems where connectivity with the floodplain and the presence of natural lakes and man-made reservoirs play a prominent role in the recruitment of phytoplankton to the main river, our results show that phytoplankton growth in the Congo River can take place in the main channel, with hydrological processes allowing maintenance of phytoplankton biomass even during HW.

Research center :

FOCUS - Freshwater and OCeanic science Unit of reSearch - ULiège

Disciplines :

Aquatic sciences & oceanology

Author, co-author :

Descy, Jean-Pierre

Darchambeau, François ; Université de Liège > Département d'astrophys., géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > Chemical Oceanography Unit (AGO)

Lambert, Thibault ; Université de Liège > Département d'astrophys., géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > Chemical Oceanography Unit (AGO)

Stoyneva-Gaertner, Maya P.

Bouillon, Steven

Borges, Alberto ; Université de Liège > Département d'astrophys., géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > Chemical Oceanography Unit (AGO)

Language :

English

Title :

Phytoplankton dynamics in the Congo River

Publication date :

2017

Journal title :

Freshwater Biology

ISSN :

0046-5070

eISSN :

1365-2427

Publisher :

Blackwell Publishing, Oxford, United Kingdom

Volume :

Issue :

Pages :

87-101

Peer reviewed :

Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Additional URL :

http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/fwb.12851

European Projects :

FP7 - 240002 - AFRIVAL - African river basins: catchment-scale carbon fluxes and transformations.

Name of the research project :

AFRIVAL

Funders :

CE - Commission Européenne [BE]

Available on ORBi :

since 26 January 2017

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