Diaspore heteromorphism in the invasive Bromus tectorum L. (Poaceae): sterile fl orets increase dispersal propensity and distance

Monty, Arnaud; Maebe, Laura; Mahy, Grégory; Brown, Cynthia S.

doi:10.1016/j.flora.2016.06.004

Article (Scientific journals)

Diaspore heteromorphism in the invasive Bromus tectorum L. (Poaceae): sterile fl orets increase dispersal propensity and distance

Monty, Arnaud; Maebe, Laura; Mahy, Grégory et al.

2016 • In Flora

Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

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https://hdl.handle.net/2268/200715

DOI
10.1016/j.flora.2016.06.004

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Keywords :

Anemochory; epizoochory; seed dimorphism; downy brome; dispersal ecology; cheatgrass

Abstract :

[en] Within a species, the distance travelled by a particular diaspore depends on its morphology. In Poaceae, the presence of terminal sterile florets can lead to diaspore heteromorphism, which may influence dispersal. We tested the hypothesis that the presence of sterile florets favored dispersal in Bromus tectorum L., an invasive grass in the Western US. We used field and controlled experiments to study the dispersal of caryopses with and without sterile florets attached (respectively complex and simple diaspores), as well as pieces of inflorescence that detached from the mother plants. We considered both primary and secondary dispersal, as well as abiotic and biotic dispersal agents. The distance travelled by the diaspores and their attachment to animal fur were related to the presence and number of sterile florets. Abiotic agents moved diaspores over relatively short distances, both in terms of primary and secondary dispersal. A significant proportion of diaspores attached to fur, suggesting a potential for dispersal over longdistances. Complex diaspores were better dispersers than simple ones (and pieces of inflorescence), and this pattern was consistent across the study. However, among complex diaspores, the number of sterile florets had little or no influence. Considering primary and secondary dispersal by abiotic and biotic agents provided a general picture of the dispersal ecology of B. tectorum. For all the dispersal steps and dispersal agents we studied, the presence of sterile florets favored dispersal. These results highlight the functional significance of diaspore heteromorphism induced by floret sterility in the dispersal of Poaceae.

Disciplines :

Phytobiology (plant sciences, forestry, mycology...)
Environmental sciences & ecology

Author, co-author :

Monty, Arnaud ; Université de Liège > Ingénierie des biosystèmes (Biose) > Biodiversité et Paysage

Maebe, Laura ; Université de Liège > Ingénierie des biosystèmes (Biose) > Biodiversité et Paysage

Mahy, Grégory ; Université de Liège > Ingénierie des biosystèmes (Biose) > Biodiversité et Paysage

Brown, Cynthia S.

Language :

English

Title :

Diaspore heteromorphism in the invasive Bromus tectorum L. (Poaceae): sterile fl orets increase dispersal propensity and distance

Publication date :

23 June 2016

Journal title :

Flora

ISSN :

0367-2530

eISSN :

1618-0585

Publisher :

Elsevier GmbH, Urban & Fischer Verlag

Peer reviewed :

Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Available on ORBi :

since 01 August 2016

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