[en] This article described adolescent girls’ (n = 153) perceptions of the social climate that prevailed
in their residential care unit and explored to what extent these perceptions related to their pretreatment individual characteristics. Social climate was examined with a gender-responsive
approach and through empathetic interactions with practitioners, healthy connections with the
peer group, and just and collaborative practices within the residential care setting. Results
indicated that adolescent girls’ configuration of risks and needs impact how they perceive their
program environment. We conclude the article with specific recommendations for enhancing
gender-responsive programs in residential care setting in regard to non-programmatic features.
Disciplines :
Criminology
Author, co-author :
Lanctôt, Nadine; Université de Sherbrooke > Psychoéducation
Lemieux, Annie; Université de Sherbrooke
Mathys, Cécile ; Université de Liège > Dép. de criminologie : Ecole liégeoise de crimino J.Constant > Délinquance juvénile
Language :
English
Title :
The value of a safe, connected social climate for adolescents girls in residential care
Andrews, D. A., (2011). The impact of nonprogrammatic factors on criminal‐justice interventions. Legal and Criminological Psychology, 16(1), 1–23. doi:10.1348/135532510X521485
Anglin, J. P., (2002). Pain, normality and the struggle for congruence:Reinterpreting residential care for children and youth. Binghamton, NY:The Haworth Press.
Association des Centres Jeunesse du Québec (ACJQ). (2012). Rapport d’activité de l’Association des Centres Jeunesse du Québec 2011–2012 (2011–2012 Activity Report of the Association des Centres Jeunesse du Québec). Montreal, Québec.
Ayotte, M. H., Lanctôt, N., & Tourigny, M., (2015). Pre-treatment profiles of adolescent girls as predictors of the strength of their working alliances with practitioners in residential care settings. Children and Youth Services Review, 53, 61–69. doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2015.03.010
Baker, A. J., Ashare, C., & Charvat, B. J., (2009). Substance use and dependency disorders in adolescent girls in group living programs:Prevalence and associations with milieu factors. Residential Treatment for Children & Youth, 26(1), 42–57. doi:10.1080/08865710802689837
Barnett, G. D., (2012). Gender-responsive programming:A qualitative exploration of women’s experiences of a gender-neutral cognitive skills programme. Psychology, Crime & Law, 18(2), 155–176. doi:10.1080/10683161003623256
Bastiaanssen, I. L., Kroes, G., Nijhof, K. S., Delsing, M. J., Engels, R. C., & Veerman, J. W., (2012). Measuring group care worker interventions in residential youth care. Child & Youth Care Forum, 41(5), 447–460. doi:10.1007/s10566-012-9176-8
Belknap, J., Holsinger, K., & Dunn, M., (1997). Understanding incarcerated girls:The results of a focus group study. The Prison Journal, 77(4), 381–404. doi:10.1177/0032855597077004003
Biggam, F. H., & Power, K. G., (1997). Social support and psychological distress in a group of incarcerated young offenders. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 41(3), 213–230. doi:10.1177/0306624X97413002
Bjorkqvist, K., Lagerspetz, K. M. J., & Osterman, K., (1992). The direct and indirect aggression scales. Vasa, Finland:Abo Akademi University.
Bloom, B., Owen, B., & Covington, S., (2003). Gender-responsive strategies. Research, Practice and Guiding Principles for Women Offenders, 31–48.
Bouffard, L. A., & Piquero, N. L., (2010). Defiance theory and life course explanations of persistent offending. Crime & Delinquency, 56(2), 227–252. doi:10.1177/0011128707311642
Brennan, T., Breitenbach, M., Dieterich, W., Salisbury, E. J., & Van Voorhis, P., (2012). Women’s pathways to serious and habitual crime a person-centered analysis incorporating gender responsive factors. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 39(11), 1481–1508. doi:10.1177/0093854812456777
Brière, J., (1996). Trauma symptom checklist for children. Professional manual. Odessa, FL:Psychological Assessment Resources.
Cantora, A., Mellow, J., & Schlager, M. D., (2014). What about Nonprogrammatic factors? Women’s perceptions of staff and resident relationships in a community corrections setting. Journal of Offender Rehabilitation, 53(1), 35–56. doi:10.1080/10509674.2013.861315
Covington, M. V., (1998). The will to learn:A guide for motivating young people. Cambridge, U.K.:Cambridge University Press.
Day, A., Casey, S., Vess, J., & Huisy, G., (2012). Assessing the therapeutic climate of prisons. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 39(2), 156–168. doi:10.1177/0093854811430476
Gaarder, E., Rodriguez, N., & Zatz, M. S., (2004). Criers, liars, and manipulators:Probation officers’ views of girls. Justice Quarterly, 21(3), 547–578. doi:10.1080/07418820400095901
Garcia, C. A., & Lane, J., (2013). What a girl wants, what a girl needs:Findings from a gender-specific focus group study. Crime & Delinquency, 59(4), 536–561. doi:10.1177/0011128709331790
Gendreau, G., (2001). Jeunes en difficulté et intervention psychoéducative. Montréal, Canada:Éditions Sciences et culture.
Germain, M., Guyon, L., Landry, M., Tremblay, J., Brunelle, N., & Bergeron, J., (2005). DEP-ADO Grille de dépistage de consommation problématique d’alcool et de drogues chez les adolescents et les adolescentes. Version 3.1, octobre 2005. Montréal, QC:Recherche et intervention sur les substances psychoactives - Québec (RISQ).
Giuli, C. A., & Hudson, W. W., (1977). Assessing parent–child relationship disorders in clinical practice:The child’s point of view. Journal of Social Service Research, 1, 77–92. doi:10.1300/J079v01n01_06
Grietens, H., Knorth, E., Barth, R., Cummings, M., Stein, M., Courtney, M., … McNamara, P., (2014). Therapeutic residential care for children and youth:Developing evidence-based international practice. London, U.K.:Jessica Kingsley.
Harris, J. R., (1995). Where is the child’s environment? A group socialization theory of development. Psychological Review, 102(3), 458–489. doi:10.1037/0033-295X.102.3.458
Harvey, P., Harris, R. B., Harris, K. J., & Wheeler, A. R., (2007). Attenuating the effects of social stress:The impact of political skill. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 12(2), 105–115. doi:10.1037/1076-8998.12.2.105
Horowitz, L. M., Alden, L. E., Wiggins, J. S., & Pincus, A. L., (2000). Inventory of interpersonal problems (IIP-32/IIP-64). London, UK:Psychological Corporation.
Hubbard, D. J., & Matthews, B., (2008). Reconciling the differences between the “gender-responsive” and the “what works” literatures to improve services for girls. Crime & Delinquency, 54(2), 225–258. doi:10.1177/0011128706296733
Hyde, J., & Kammerer, N., (2009). Adolescents’ perspectives on placement moves and congregate settings:Complex and cumulative instabilities in out-of-home care. Children and Youth Services Review, 31(2), 265–273. doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2008.07.019
Janosz, M., Bouthillier, C., Bowen, F., Chouinard, R., & Desbiens, N., (2007). Rapport de validation du Questionnaire sur l’Environnement Socioéducatif des écoles primaires (QES-primaire). Montréal, Canada:Université de Montréal.
Kerig, P. K., & Schindler, S. R., (2013). Engendering the evidence base:A critical review of the conceptual and empirical foundations of gender-responsive interventions for girls’ delinquency. Laws, 2(3), 244–282. doi:10.3390/laws2030244
Knorth, E. J., (2005). Wat maakt het verschil?:Over intensieve orthopedagogische zorg voor jeugdigen met probleemgedrag. Rijksuniversiteit.
Lanctôt, N., (2006). Doit-on définir des programmes d’intervention spécifiques pour réduire la déviance des adolescentes ? In P., Verlaan & M., Déry (Eds.), Les conduites antisociales chez les filles:Comprendre pour mieux agir (pp. 415–439). Québec:Presses de l’Université du Québec.
Lanctôt, N., (2011). L’application d’un programme cognitif-comportemental à des adolescentes hébergées en Centre jeunesse:Une évaluation de ses effets à court terme sur les difficultés de comportement (Delivering a cognitive-behavioral program to girls placed in residential care:An evaluation of short term effects on antisocial behavior). Criminologie, 43(2), 303–328.
Lanctôt, N., (2015). Adolescent girls out of care:Looking beyong the obvious decrease in antisocial behaviors. Miami, Etats-Unis:Society for the Study of Emerging Adulthood.
Lanctôt, N., Ayotte, M. H., Turcotte, M., & Besnard, T., (2012). Youth care workers’ views on the challenges of working with girls:An analysis of the mediating influence of practitioner gender and prior experience with girls. Children and Youth Services Review, 34(11), 2240–2246. doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2012.08.002
Le Blanc. (1996). Manuel sur des mesures de l’adaptation sociale et personnelle pour les adolescents québécois (3rd ed.). Montréal, QC, Canada:Université de Montréal.
Liebling, A., (1999). Prison suicide and prisoner coping. Crime and Justice, 26, 283–359. doi:10.1086/449299
Maccoby, E. E., & Martin, J. A., (1983). Socialization in the context of the family:Parent-child interaction. In P. H., Mussen & E. M., Hertheringhton (Eds.), Handbook of child psychology:Vol. 4 Socialization, personality, and social development (pp. 1–101). New York, NY:Wiley.
Marsh, S. C., & Evans, W. P., (2009). Youth perspectives on their relationships with staff in juvenile correction settings and perceived likelihood of success on release. Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice, 7(1), 46–67. doi:10.1177/1541204008324484
Mathys, C., Hyde, L. W., Shaw, D. S., & Born, M., (2013). Deviancy and normative training processes in experimental groups of delinquent and nondelinquent male adolescents. Aggressive Behavior, 39(1), 30–44. doi:10.1002/ab.21456
Mathys, C., Lanctôt, N., & Touchette, L., (2013). Validation d’une mesure de climat de groupe chez des adolescentes en centre de réadaptation:Le vécu éducatif partagé au travers de trois dimensions essentielles. Revue Européenne de Psychologie Appliquée/European Review of Applied Psychology, 63(2), 109–119. doi:10.1016/j.erap.2012.11.001
Mathys, C., Vitaro, F., & Born, M., (2014). Comment comprendre l’influence au sein de groupes d’adolescents:Conflit sociocognitif ou apprentissage social? Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science/Revue Canadienne Des Sciences Du Comportement, 46(2), 289–300. doi:10.1037/a0033676
Miller, W. R., & Rollnick, S., (2013). Motivational interviewing:Helping people change (3rd ed.). New York, NY:Guilford Press.
Moos, R. H., (2012). Evaluating the environments of residential care settings. Therapeutic Communities:The International Journal of Therapeutic Communities, 33(2/3), 76–85. doi:10.1108/09641861211291559
Mulvey, E. P., Schubert, C. A., & Odgers, C. A., (2010). A method for measuring organizational functioning in juvenile justice facilities using resident ratings. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 37(11), 1255–1277. doi:10.1177/0093854810380186
Nylund, K. L., Asparouhov, T., & Muthén, B. O., (2007). Deciding on the number of classes in latent class analysis and growth mixture modeling:A Monte Carlo simulation study. Structural Equation Modeling, 14(4), 535–569. doi:10.1080/10705510701575396
Orsi, M. M., Lafortune, D., & Brochu, S., (2010). Care and control:Working alliance among adolescents in authoritarian settings. Residential Treatment for Children & Youth, 27(4), 277–303. doi:10.1080/0886571X.2010.520637
Pianta, R. C., (1992). The student teacher relationship scale. Charlottesville, VA:University of Virginia.
Prinstein, M. J., & Dodge, K. A., (Eds.). (2008). Understanding peer influence in children and adolescents. New York, NY:Guilford Press.
Rauktis, M. E., Fusco, R. A., Cahalane, H., Bennett, I. K., & Reinhart, S. M., (2011). “Try to make it seem like we’re regular kids”:Youth perceptions of restrictiveness in out-of-home care. Children and Youth Services Review, 33(7), 1224–1233. doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2011.02.012
Ravoira, L., Lydia, V. P., Graziano, J., Glesmann, C., & Baker, P., (2012). Voices from the field:Findings from the NGI listening sessions. Jacksonville, FL:NCCD Center for Girls and Young Women.
Reisig, M. D., & Mesko, G., (2009). Procedural justice, legitimacy, and prisoner misconduct. Psychology, Crime & Law, 15(1), 41–59. doi:10.1080/10683160802089768
Ross, M. W., Diamond, P. M., Liebling, A., & Saylor, W. G., (2008). Measurement of prison social climate:A comparison of an inmate measure in England and the USA. Punishment & Society, 10(4), 447–474. doi:10.1177/1462474508095320
Salisbury, E. J., & Van Voorhis, P., (2009). Gendered pathways:A quantitative investigation of women probationers’ paths to incarceration. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 36(6), 541–566. doi:10.1177/0093854809334076
Schein, E. H., (1993). On dialogue, culture, and organizational learning. Organizational Dynamics, 22(2), 40–51. doi:10.1016/0090-2616(93)90052-3
Schubert, C. A., Mulvey, E. P., Loughran, T. A., & Losoya, S. H., (2012). Perceptions of institutional experience and community outcomes for serious adolescent offenders. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 39(1), 71–93. doi:10.1177/0093854811426710
Schwarzer, R., & Jerusalem, M., (1995). Generalized self-efficacy scale. In J., Weinman, S., Wright, & M., Johnston (Eds.), Measures in health psychology:A user’s portfolio. Causal and control beliefs (pp. 35–37). Windsor, UK:NFER-NELSON.
Slotboom, A.-M., Kruttschnitt, C., Bijleveld, C., & Menting, B., (2011). Psychological well-being of incarcerated women in the Netherlands:Importation or deprivation? Punishment & Society, 13.2, 176–197. doi:10.1177/1462474510396313
Spielberger, C. D., (1999). State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory-2 (STAXI-2). Odessa, FL:Psychological Assessment Resource.
van der Helm, P., Klapwijk, M., Stams, G., & van der Laan, P., (2009). ‘What works’ for juvenile prisoners:The role of group climate in a youth prison. Journal of Children’s Services, 4(2), 36–48. doi:10.1108/17466660200900011
van der Helm, P., Stams, G. J., & van der Laan, P., (2011). Measuring group climate in prison. The Prison Journal, 91, 158–176. doi:10.1177/0032885511403595
van der Laan, A., & Eichelsheim, V., (2013). Juvenile adaptation to imprisonment:Feelings of safety, autonomy and well-being, and behaviour in prison. European Journal of Criminology, 10(4), 424–443. doi:10.1177/1477370812473530
Van Voorhis, P., Wright, E. M., Salisbury, E., & Bauman, A., (2010). Women’s risk factors and their contributions to existing risk/needs assessment the current status of a gender-responsive supplement. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 37(3), 261–288. doi:10.1177/0093854809357442
Vidal, S., Oudekerk, B. A., Reppucci, N. D., & Woolard, J., (2015). Examining the link between perceptions of relationship quality with parole officers and recidivism among female youth parolees. Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice, 13(1), 60–76. doi:10.1177/1541204013507959
von Eye, A., & Bergman, L. R., (2003). Research strategies in developmental psychopathology:Dimensional identity and the person-oriented approach. Development and Psychopathology, 15(3), 553–580. doi:10.1017/S0954579403000294
Wolf, A. M., Graziano, J., & Hartney, C., (2009). The provision and completion of gender-specific services for girls on probation:Variation by race and ethnicity. Crime & Delinquency, 55(2), 294–312. doi:10.1177/0011128708330650
Wright, E. M., Van Voorhis, P., Salisbury, E. J., & Bauman, A., (2012). Gender-responsive lessons learned and policy implications for women in prison:A review. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 39(12), 1612–1632. doi:10.1177/0093854812451088
Zelechoski, A. D., Sharma, R., Beserra, K., Miguel, J. L., DeMarco, M., & Spinazzola, J., (2013). Traumatized youth in residential treatment settings:Prevalence, clinical presentation, treatment, and policy implications. Journal of Family Violence, 28(7), 639–652. doi:10.1007/s10896-013-9534-9
