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Oil content, triglycerides profiles and fatty acid composition of almond kernels of some varieties cultivated in eastern Morocco
Houmy, Nadia; Elamrani, Ahmed; Sindic, Marianne et al.
2015Beacons of Hope in the Quest for the Next Einstein In the MENA region
 

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Keywords :
Almond oil,; Fatty acid profile; Triglyceride
Abstract :
[en] Almond tree "Prunus dulcis" is a fruit tree that belongs to the Rosaceae family. It’s a drought tolerant crop, thanks to ability of these trees to endure high water deficits. This physiological propriety of almond trees is a characteristic that prove its efficiency for valorization of semi-arid areas which are widespread in Morocco. According to Agriculture ministry reports, most of almond plantations are located in mountain areas in the Rif and foothills the high Atlas and in the southern areas in arid or semi-arid climate, but Semi-intensive plantations, conducted using modern techniques exist in regions of Fez, Meknes and Marrakech. The commercial production of Morocco is about 97000 tons in kernels and it’s marketed only locally. In the oriental region, the almond growing area is estimated to 9% of total area of almond cultivation in Morocco. Furthermore, an important new plantation program is implemented by DRA1-Oriental with collaboration of CTB2. The objective of this study is a contribution to strengthen competitiveness of the almond sector in the easthern region of Morocco, and focuses on the physico-chemical characterization of almond oils of some local varieties. Simples of 5 almond varieties (Marcona, Ferragnes-Ferraduel, Fournat and Beldi) were analysed. Results showed that yield of oil from almonds crushed mechanically vary between 46 (Fournat) and 60 % (Marcona) of kernels fresh mass. The fatty acid profile was carried out using GC-FID chromatography analysis, that shows a dominance of oleic acid (C18:1) for all analyzed almond oils; C18:1 contents range between a minimum of 63.54 % for Fournat and a maximum of 72.87 % for Ferragnes-Ferraduel. The O/L ratios range between 2.50 (Fournat) and 4.085 (Ferragnes-Ferraduel) and iodine values varied between 98,42 g I2/100g (Ferragnes-Ferraduel) and 103,89 g I2/100g (Fournat). Chromatographic analysis of triglycerides was carried out by HPLC,and results show tha the analyzed almond oils are characterized by dominance of trioleylglycerol (OOO) that contents range between a minimum of 31.48 % for Fournat’s oil and 43.82% for Ferragnes-Ferraduel’s oil.
Disciplines :
Agriculture & agronomy
Food science
Author, co-author :
Houmy, Nadia ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > Doct. sc. agro. & ingé. biol. (Paysage)
Elamrani, Ahmed
Sindic, Marianne  ;  Université de Liège > Agronomie, Bio-ingénierie et Chimie (AgroBioChem) > Laboratoire Qualité et sécurité des produits agro-aliment.
Serghini-Caid, Hana
Fauconnier, Marie-Laure  ;  Université de Liège > Agronomie, Bio-ingénierie et Chimie (AgroBioChem) > Chimie générale et organique
Mihamou, Aatika
Language :
English
Title :
Oil content, triglycerides profiles and fatty acid composition of almond kernels of some varieties cultivated in eastern Morocco
Publication date :
03 March 2015
Event name :
Beacons of Hope in the Quest for the Next Einstein In the MENA region
Event organizer :
Humboldt Kolleg
University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah of Fez
Maghreb Alexander von Humboldt Alumni Associatio
Arab German Young Academy of Sciences and Humanitie
Event place :
Fes, Morocco
Event date :
du 03 mars au 06 mars 2015
Audience :
International
Available on ORBi :
since 27 April 2016

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