[en] The Paleocene of the Campo section, Spain has different sedimentological characteristics above and below the Mid-Paleocene Unconformity. Beneath the unconformity sediments are dominated by evaporitic carbonates and collapse breccias. Above it they are characterized by continental detrital beds alternating with paleosols.
Different subaerial features are observed and correspond to different porosity values, pore–throat sizes and micrite morphologies. Unexposed or intertidal facies have low porosity, low throat–pore size (mesoporosity) and well preserved rhombic crystals. Intermediate exposed facies (paleosols) possess medium porosity,
medium pore–throat size (microporosity) and mainly micro-rhombic crystals. Finally, the facies corresponding to high exposure intensity and to evaporitic original facies presents high porosity, permeability, large pore–throat size and rounded micritic crystals. These observations show that the emersion phase caused important dissolution, especially when associated with an easily dissolved original lithofacies.
Disciplines :
Earth sciences & physical geography
Author, co-author :
Da Silva, Anne-Christine ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de géologie > Pétrologie sédimentaire
Loisy, Corinne
Cerepi, Adrian
Toullec, Renaud
Kieffer, Eloise
Humbert, Louis
Razin, Philippe
Language :
English
Title :
Variations in stratigraphic and reservoir properties adjacent to the Mid-Paleocene sequence boundary, Campo section, Pyrenees, Spain
Baceta J.I., Wright V.P., and Pujalte V. Paleo-mixing zone karst features from Paleocene carbonates of north Spain: criteria for recognizing a potentially widespread but rarely documented diagenetic system. Sediment. Geol. 139 (2001) 205-216
Baceta J.I., Pujalte V., and Bernaola G. Paleocene coralgal reefs of the western Pyrenean basin, northern Spain: new evidence supporting an earliest Paleogene recovery of reefal ecosystems. Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol. 224 (2005) 117-143
Baceta J.I., Pujalte V., and Caballero F. Paleocene and Early Eocene facies and events: a Basin-Platform-Coastal Plain Transect (South-Central and Western Pyrenees). Climate and Biota of the Early Paleogene 2006. Post conference Field Trip Guidebook. Bilbao (2006) 94 pp
Baceta J.I., Wright V.P., Beavington-Penney S.J., and Pujalte V. Palaeohydrogeological control of palaeokarst macro-porosity genesis during a major sea-level lowstand: Danian of the Urbasa-Andia plateau, Navarra, North Spain. Sediment. Geol. 199 (2007) 141-169
Budd D.A., Saller A.H., and Harris A.G. Unconformities and porosity in carbonate strata. AAPG Mem. 63 (1995) 313 pp
Cerepi A., Humbert L., and Burlot R. Effets de la texture pétrographique sur les propriétés pétrophysiques d'un calcaire en zone de diagenèse météorique (calcaire Oligocène d'Aquitaine, France). Bull. Soc. Géol. Fr. 171 (2000) 419-430
Choquette P.W., and Pray L.C. Geologic nomenclature and classification of porosity in sedimentary carbonates. AAPG Bull. 54 (1970) 207-250
Choukroune P. Strain patterns in the Pyrenean chain. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. London A283 (1976) 271-280
Clari P.A., Dela Pierre F., and Martire L. Discontinuities in carbonate successions: identification, interpretation and classification of some Italian examples. Sediment. Geol. 100 (1995) 97-121
Dunham R.J. Classification of carbonate rocks according to depositional texture. In: Ham W.E. (Ed). Classification of Carbonate Rocks. AAPG, Mem. 1 (1962) 108-121
Eichenseer, H., 1988. Facies geology of Late Maastrichtian to early Eocene coastal and shallow marine sediments, Tremp-Graus basin, Northeastern Spain. Thesis, Universität Tübingen, 237 pp.
Eichenseer H., and Luterbacher H. The marine Paleogene of the Tremp region (NE Spain): depositional sequences, facies history, biostratigraphy and controlling factors. Facies 27 (1992) 119-152
Eliassen A., and Talbot M.R. Solution-collapse breccias of the Minkinfjellet and Wordiekammen Formations, Central Spitsbergen, Svalbard: a large gypsum palaeokarst system. Sedimentology 52 (2005) 775-794
Embry A.F., and Klovan J.E. Absolute water depth limits of Late Devonian paleoecological zones. Geol. Rundsch. 61 (1972) 672-686
Fischer A.G. The lofer Cyclothems of the Alpine Triassic. Kansas Geol. Surv. Bull. 169 (1964) 107-149
Flügel E. Microfacies analysis of carbonate rocks. Analysis, Interpretation and Application (2004), Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, Germany 976 pp
Folk R.L. The natural history of crystalline calcium carbonate: effects of magnesium content and salinity. J. Sediment. Petrol. 44 (1974) 40-53
Folk R.L., and Pittman J.S. Length-slow chalcedony: a new testament for vanished evaporites. J. Sediment. Petrol. 41 (1971) 1045-1058
Folk R.L., and Siedlecka A. The "schizohaline" environment: its sedimentary and diagenetic fabrics as exemplified by Late Paleozoic rocks of Bear Island, Svalbard. Sediment. Geol. 11 (1974) 1-15
Freytet P., and Verrecchia E.P. Lacustrine and palustrine carbonate petrography: an overview. J. Paleolimnol. 27 (2002) 221-237
Haq B.U., Hardenbol J., and Vail P.R. Chronology of fluctuating sea levels since the Triassic. Science 235 (1987) 1156-1167
Haq B.U., Hardenbol J., and Vail P.R. Mesozoic and Cenozoic chronostratigraphy and cycles of sea-level change. In: Wilgus C.K., Hastings B.S., Kendall C.G.S., Posamentier H.W., Ross C.A., and Van Wagoner J.C. (Eds). Sea-level changes: an integrated approach. SEPM, Sp. Publ. vol. 42 (1988) 39-46
Hardie L.A. Sedimentation on the Modern Carbonate Tidal Flats of northwest Andros Island, Bahamas (1977), The J. Hopkins University Press 202 pp
Harris P.M., and Frost S.G. Middle Cretaceous carbonate reservoirs, Fahud Field and Northwestern Oman. AAPG Bull. 68 (1984) 649-658
James N.P. Reef environment in carbonate depositional environments. In: Scholle P.A., Bedout D.G., and Moore C.H. (Eds). Carbonate Depositional Environment. AAPG, Mem 33 (1983) 345-440
Kolodony Y., Taraboulos A., and Frieslander U. Participation of fresh water in chert diagenesis: evidence from oxygen isotopes and boron a-track mapping. Sedimentology 27 (1980) 305-316
Lambert L., Durlet C., Loreau J.P., and Marnier G. Burial dissolution of micrite in Middle East carbonate reservoirs (Jurassic- Cretaceous): keys for recognition and timing. Mar. Pet. Geol. 23 (2006) 79-92
Leeder M.R. Pedogenic carbonates and flood sediment accretion rates: a quantitative model for alluvial arid-zone lithofacies. Geol. Mag. 112 (1975) 257-270
Loisy C., da Silva A.C., Kiefer E., and Cerepi A. Contribution to understanding of sedimentological and diagenetic processes related to major emersive surfaces and their spatial variation. 25th IAS Meeting of sedimentology, Patras, Greece (2007) 265
Lonoy A. Making sense of carbonate pore systems. AAPG Bull. 90 (2006) 1381-1405
Luebking G.A., Longman M.W., and Carlisle W.J. Unconformity-related chert/dolomite production in the Pennsylvanian Amsden Formation, Wolf Springs fields, Bull Mountains basin of central Montana. AAPG Bull. 85 (2001) 131-148
Machette M.N. Calcic soils of the southwestern United States. In: Weide C.L. (Ed). Soil and Quaternary Geology of the Southwestern United States. GSA, Sp. Pap. vol. 203 (1985) 1-21
Mazzullo S.J. Overview of porosity evolution in carbonate reservoirs. Kansas Geol. Surv. Bull. 79 (2004) 22-28
Middleton G.V. Evaporite solution breccias from the Mississippian of southwest Montana. J. Sediment. Petrol. 31 (1961) 189-195
Molina E., Angori E., Arenillass I., Brinkhuis H., Crouch E.M., Luterbacher H., Monechi S., and Schmidtz B. Correlation between the Paleocene/Eocene boundary and the Ilerdian at Campo, Spain. Rev. micropaléontol. 46 (2003) 95-109
Moore C.H. Carbonate diagenesis and porosity. Develop. Sediment. 46 (1989) 338 pp
Morrow D.W. Descriptive field classification of sedimentary and diagenetic breccia fabrics in carbonate rocks. Bull. Can. Pet. Geol. 30 (1982) 227-229
Moshier S.O. Microporosity in micritic limestones: a review. Sediment. Geol. 63 (1989) 191-213
Muñoz J.A. Evolution of continental collision belt: ECORS-Pyrenees crustal balanced cross-section. In: Clay K.R.M. (Ed). Thrust Tectonics (1992), Chapman and Hall 232-246
Mylroie J.E., and Carew J.L. Karst development on carbonate islands. In: Budd D.A., Saller A.H., and Harris P.M. (Eds). Unconformities and porosity in carbonate strata. AAPG Mem 63 (1995) 55-76
Orue-Etxebarria X., Pujalte V., Bernaola G., Apellaniz E., Baceta J.I., Payros A., Nunez-Betelu K., Serra-Kiel J., and Tosquella J. Did the Late Paleocene thermal maximum affect the evolution of larger foraminifers? Evidence from calcareous plankton of the Campo Section (Pyrenees, Spain). Mar. Micropaleontol. 41 (2001) 45-71
Payros A., Pujalte V., Baceta J.I., Bernaola G., Orue-Etxebarria X., Apellaniz E., Caballero F., and Ferrandez C. Lithostratigraphy and sequence stratigraphy of the Upper Thanetian to middle Ilerdian strata of the Campo section (Southern Pyrenees, Spain): revision and new data. Rev. Soc. Geol. Esp. 13 (2000) 213-226
Plaziat J.C. Late Cretaceaous to late Eocene paleogeographic evolution of southwest Europe. Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol. 36 (1981) 263-320
Pujalte V., Baceta J.I., Orue-Etxebarria X., and Payros A. Paleocene strata of the Basque Country, western Pyrenees, northern Spain: facies and sequence development in a deep-water starved basin. In: de Graciansky P.C., Hardenbol J., Jacquin T., and Vail P.R. (Eds). Mesozoic and Cenozoic Sequence Stratigraphy of European Basins. SEPM, Spec. Publ 60 (1998) 311-325
Purser B.H. Sédimentation et diagenèse des carbonates néritiques récents. Tome1: Les éléments de la sédimentation et de la diagenèse. Ed Technip, Paris (1980) 367 pp
Saller A.H., Dickson J.A.D., and Matsuda F. Evolution and distribution of porosity associated with subaerial exposure in Upper Paleozoic platform limestones, West Texas. AAPG Bull. 83 (1999) 1835-1854
Sanz M.E., Alonso Zarza A.M., and Calvo J.P. Carbonate pond deposits related to semi-arid alluvial systems: examples from the Tertiary Madrid Basin, Spain. Sedimentology 42 (1995) 437-452
Simpson F. Solution-generated collapse (SGC) structures associated with bedded evaporites: significance to base-metal and hydrocarbon localization. Geosci. Canada 15 (1988) 89-93
Sing K.S.W. The use of gas adsorption for the characterization of porous solids. Colloids Surf. 38 (1989) 113-124
Sing K.S.W., Evrett D.H., Haul R.U.W., Moscou L., Prerotti R.A., Rouquerol J., and Siemieniewska T. Reporting physisorption data for gas/solid systems with special reference to determination of surface area and porosity. Surf. App. Ch. 57 (1985) 603-619
Strasser A. Ooids in Purbeck limestones (lowermost Cretaceous) of the Swiss and French Jura. Sedimentology 33 (1986) 711-727
Swennen R., Viaene W., and Cornelissen C. Petrography and geochemistry of the Belle Roche breccia (lower Visean, Belgium): evidence for brecciation by evaporite dissolution. Sedimentology 37 (1990) 859-878
Toullec, R., 2006. Genèse et diagenèse des plates-formes carbonatées Paléogène et Crétacé supérieur du sur du Bassin d'Aquitain. Contrôles sédimentaire et diagénétique de leurs propriétés réservoirs. Thesis, Université Michel de Montaigne Bordeaux 3, Bordeaux, 372 pp.
Wilson J.L. Carbonate Facies in geologic history (1975), Springer-Verlagerg, Germany 473 pp
Wright V.P. Pyrite formation and the drowning of a palaeosol. Geol. J. 21 (1986) 139-149
