Article (Scientific journals)
Pushing the Limits: Chronotype and Time of Day Modulate Working Memory-Dependent Cerebral Activity.
Schmidt, Christina; Collette, Fabienne; Reichert, Carolin F. et al.
2015In Frontiers in Neurology, 6, p. 199
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Keywords :
BOLD activity; chronotype; task complexity; time of day; working memory
Abstract :
[en] Morning-type individuals experience more difficulties to maintain optimal attentional performance throughout a normal waking day than evening types. However, time-of-day modulations may differ across cognitive domains. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we investigated how chronotype and time of day interact with working memory at different levels of cognitive load/complexity in a N-back paradigm (N0-, N2-, and N3-back levels). Extreme morning- and evening-type individuals underwent two fMRI sessions during N-back performance, one 1.5 h (morning) and one 10.5 h (evening) after wake-up time scheduled according to their habitual sleep-wake preference. At the behavioral level, increasing working memory load resulted in lower accuracy while chronotype and time of day only exerted a marginal impact on performance. Analyses of neuroimaging data disclosed an interaction between chronotype, time of day, and the modulation of cerebral activity by working memory load in the thalamus and in the middle frontal cortex. In the subjective evening hours, evening types exhibited higher thalamic activity than morning types at the highest working memory load condition only (N3-back). Conversely, morning-type individuals exhibited higher activity than evening-type participants in the middle frontal gyrus during the morning session in the N3-back condition. Our data emphasize interindividual differences in time-of-day preferences and underlying cerebral activity, which should be taken into account when investigating vigilance state effects in task-related brain activity. These results support the hypothesis that higher task complexity leads to a chronotype-dependent increase in thalamic and frontal brain activity, permitting stabilization of working memory performance across the day.
Disciplines :
Neurosciences & behavior
Author, co-author :
Schmidt, Christina  ;  Université de Liège - ULiège
Collette, Fabienne  ;  Université de Liège > Département de Psychologie : cognition et comportement > Neuropsychologie
Reichert, Carolin F.
Maire, Micheline
Vandewalle, Gilles  ;  Université de Liège > Centre de recherches du cyclotron
Peigneux, Philippe ;  Université de Liège > Centre de recherches du cyclotron
Cajochen, Christian
Language :
English
Title :
Pushing the Limits: Chronotype and Time of Day Modulate Working Memory-Dependent Cerebral Activity.
Publication date :
2015
Journal title :
Frontiers in Neurology
eISSN :
1664-2295
Publisher :
Frontiers Media S.A., Switzerland
Volume :
6
Pages :
199
Peer reviewed :
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi
Available on ORBi :
since 28 October 2015

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