Doctoral thesis (Dissertations and theses)
Etude de la biodégradation anaérobie des feuilles de Mangifera indica (manguier) et de Manihot utilissima (manioc)
Mambanzulua Ngoma, Philippe
2015
 

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Keywords :
biodégradation anaérobie; Manihot utilissima; Mangifera indica
Abstract :
[en] The population growth of these last two decades leaded to an increase of waste in the City Province of Kinshasa (VPK), capital of the Democratic Republic of Congo. Deprived by an effective management system, the VPK produces essentially vegetal wastes that are constituted for the greater part of dead leaves. These wastes bother and pollute the environment. On another point of view, the Kinshasa households meet enormous difficulties for soil fertilization and to collect wood for energy. Its overexploitation of the wood entails the deterioration of the ecosystems and the public health. Therefore in order to contribute to the reduction of all these difficulties simultaneously, the aim of this thesis was to investigate the methanization of these wastes since this technique is relatively simple, fast and non expensive. So, the methanation was performed at 30°C on the leaves of Mangifera indica (MU, mango) and of Manihot utilissima (MI, cassava) that are the most accessible of the VPK. The biochemical methane potentials of the MU and MI leaves demonstrated that the MU leaves were favorable to the methanation due to their low content in bioactive substance (secondary metabolites) and their low C/N ratio. In addition, their digestates would be an effective fertilizing. By contrast, the MI leaves were unfavorable to the methanation since the methanogenesis was inhibited, probably because of their composition rich in carbon and secondary metabolites (lignine, polyphenols, saponines and anthraquinones). However, these metabolites would be beneficial for the methanation in lower contents than 0.3 g/l in the culture medium. The anaerobic co-digestion improved the daily methane yields of these two leaves. The biogas produced with this process would represent about 28 % of the wooden annual domestic consumption and its digestate would cover annually the all agricultural and forest degraded areas. So, the domestic methanation or on site or near the site of waste generation would be favored to avoid the cost of their transport and their industrial treatment. A promising pilot essay has been achieved.
Research center :
Centre Wallon de Biologie Industrielle
Disciplines :
Biotechnology
Author, co-author :
Mambanzulua Ngoma, Philippe ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > Form. doct. sc. agro. & ingé. biol.
Language :
English
Title :
Etude de la biodégradation anaérobie des feuilles de Mangifera indica (manguier) et de Manihot utilissima (manioc)
Alternative titles :
[en] Study of anaerobic biodegradation of Mangifera indica (mango) and Manihot utilissima (cassava) leaves
Defense date :
26 August 2015
Number of pages :
vi, 151
Institution :
ULiège - Université de Liège
Degree :
Docteur en Sciences Agronomiques et Ingénierie Biologique
Promotor :
Ongena, Marc ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > Département GxABT > Microbial, food and biobased technologies
Thonart, Philippe ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > Département GxABT > Microbial, food and biobased technologies
President :
Francis, Frédéric  ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > GxABT : Services généraux du site > Site GxABT - Relations internationales
Jury member :
Hiligsmann, Serge ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > Agronomie, Bio-ingénierie et Chimie (AgroBioChem) > Bio-industries
SUMBU ZOLA, Pierre Eric
Sindic, Marianne  ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > Département GxABT > Chimie des agro-biosystèmes
Lognay, Georges ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > Département des sciences et gestion de l'environnement (Arlon Campus Environnement) > Surveillance de l'environnement
Gérin, Patrick
Funders :
Coopération Technique Belge (CTB)Commission universitaire pour le Développement (CUD)/AERS
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since 25 August 2015

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