Article (Scientific journals)
Discovery of a Companion Candidate in the HD 169142 Transition Disk and the Possibility of Multiple Planet Formation
Reggiani, Maddalena; Quanz, Sascha P.; Meyer, Michael R. et al.
2014In Astrophysical Journal. Letters, 792, p. 23
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Keywords :
brown dwarfs; planet-disk interactions; planets and satellites: formation; protoplanetary disks; stars: individual: HD 169142; stars: low-mass
Abstract :
[en] We present L'- and J-band high-contrast observations of HD 169142, obtained with the Very Large Telescope/NACO AGPM vector vortex coronagraph and the Gemini Planet Imager, respectively. A source located at 0.''156 ± 0.''032 north of the host star (P.A. = 7.4° ± 11.3°) appears in the final reduced L' image. At the distance of the star (~145 pc), this angular separation corresponds to a physical separation of 22.7 ± 4.7 AU, locating the source within the recently resolved inner cavity of the transition disk. The source has a brightness of L' = 12.2 ± 0.5 mag, whereas it is not detected in the J band (J >13.8 mag). If its L' brightness arose solely from the photosphere of a companion and given the J - L' color constraints, it would correspond to a 28-32 MJup object at the age of the star, according to the COND models. Ongoing accretion activity of the star suggests, however, that gas is left in the inner disk cavity from which the companion could also be accreting. In this case, the object could be lower in mass and its luminosity enhanced by the accretion process and by a circumplanetary disk. A lower-mass object is more consistent with the observed cavity width. Finally, the observations enable us to place an upper limit on the L'-band flux of a second companion candidate orbiting in the disk annular gap at ~50 AU, as suggested by millimeter observations. If the second companion is also confirmed, HD 169142 might be forming a planetary system, with at least two companions opening gaps and possibly interacting with each other.
Disciplines :
Space science, astronomy & astrophysics
Author, co-author :
Reggiani, Maddalena ;  Université de Liège > Département d'astrophys., géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > Astroph. extragalactique et observations spatiales (AEOS)
Quanz, Sascha P.
Meyer, Michael R.
Pueyo, Laurent
Absil, Olivier  ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'astrophys., géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > Astroph. extragalactique et observations spatiales (AEOS)
Amara, Adam
Anglada, Guillem
Avenhaus, Henning
Girard, Julien H.
Carrasco Gonzalez, Carlos
Graham, James
Mawet, Dimitri
Meru, Farzana
Milli, Julien
Osorio, Mayra
Wolff, Schuyler
Torrelles, Jose-Maria
More authors (7 more) Less
Language :
English
Title :
Discovery of a Companion Candidate in the HD 169142 Transition Disk and the Possibility of Multiple Planet Formation
Publication date :
01 September 2014
Journal title :
Astrophysical Journal. Letters
ISSN :
2041-8205
eISSN :
2041-8213
Publisher :
IOP Publishing, Bristol, United Kingdom
Volume :
792
Pages :
L23
Peer reviewed :
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi
European Projects :
FP7 - 337569 - VORTEX - Taking extrasolar planet imaging to a new level with vector vortex coronagraphy
Name of the research project :
VORTEX
Funders :
CE - Commission Européenne [BE]
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