Article (Scientific journals)
Trabecular bone adapts to long-term cyclic loading by increasing stiffness and normalization of dynamic morphometric rates
Lambers, Floor M.; Koch, Kathleen; Kuhn, Gisela et al.
2013In BONE, 55 (2), p. 325-334
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Keywords :
In vivo micro-CT; Long-term load adaptation; Mechanical loading; Bone microstructure; Dynamic bone morphometry; Bone stiffness
Abstract :
[en] Bone has the ability to adapt to external loading conditions. Especially the beneficial effect of short-term cyclic loading has been investigated in a number of in vivo animal studies. The aim of this study was to assess the long-term effect (>10 weeks) of cyclic mechanical loading on the bone microstructure, bone stiffness, and bone remodeling rates. Mice were subjected to cyclic mechanical loading at the sixth caudal vertebra with 8 N or 0 N (control) three times per week for a total period of 14 weeks. Structural bone parameters were determined from in vivo micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) scans performed at week 0, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 14. Mechanical parameters were derived from micro-finite element analysis. Dynamic bone morphometry was calculated using registration of serial micro-CT scans. Bone volume fraction and trabecular thickness increased significantly more for the loaded group than for the control group (p = 0.006 and p = 0.002 respectively). The trabecular bone microstructure adapted to the load of 8 N in approximately ten weeks, indicated by the trabecular bone volume fraction, which increased from 16.7% at 0 weeks to 21.6% at week 10 and only showed little change afterwards (bone volume fraction of 21.5% at 14 weeks). Similarly bone stiffness - (at the start of the experiment 649 N/mm) - reached 846 N/mm at 10 weeks in the loaded group and was maintained to the end of the experiment (850 N/mm). At 4 weeks the bone formation rate was 32% greater and the bone resorption rate 22% less for 8 N compared to 0 N. This difference was significantly reduced as the bone adapted to 8 N, with 8 N remodeling rates returning to the values of the 0 N group at approximately 10 weeks. Together these data suggest that once bone has adapted to a new loading state, the remodeling rates reduce gradually while maintaining bone volume fraction and stiffness. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Disciplines :
Endocrinology, metabolism & nutrition
Author, co-author :
Lambers, Floor M.;  ETH, Inst Biomech, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
Koch, Kathleen;  ETH, Inst Biomech, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
Kuhn, Gisela;  ETH, Inst Biomech, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
Ruffoni, Davide  ;  ETH Zurich > Institute for Biomechanics
Weigt, Claudia;  ETH, Inst Biomech, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
Schulte, Friederike A.;  ETH, Inst Biomech, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
Mueller, Ralph;  ETH, Inst Biomech, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
Language :
English
Title :
Trabecular bone adapts to long-term cyclic loading by increasing stiffness and normalization of dynamic morphometric rates
Publication date :
2013
Journal title :
BONE
ISSN :
8756-3282
eISSN :
1873-2763
Publisher :
Elsevier Science Inc, New York, United States - New York
Volume :
55
Issue :
2
Pages :
325-334
Peer reviewed :
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi
European Projects :
FP7 - 223865 - VPHOP - Osteoporotic Virtual Physiological Human
Funders :
EU - European Union [BE]
Whitaker Foundation [US-MO] [US-MO]
Commentary :
The authors gratefully acknowledge funding from the European Union for the Osteoporotic Virtual Physiological Human project (VPHOP FP7-ICT2008-223865), funding from the Whitaker Foundation and computational time granted from the Swiss National Supercomputing Center (CSCS, Manno, Switzerland).
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since 22 January 2014

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