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Does processing speed protect from age-related decline in cognitive control ?
Manard, Marine; Carabin, Delphine; Collette, Fabienne
2012Belgian Brain Council
 

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Keywords :
Cognitive control; Processing speed; Aging
Abstract :
[en] Age-related difficulties have been reported on proactive control whereas reactive control seems to remain intact (Braver, Gray, & Burgess, 2007; Braver, 2012). This study investigated the potential influence of speed of processing abilities on the age-related decline in proactive control. We used a working memory recognition paradigm involving proactive or reactive cognitive control by manipulating the interference level across items. 80 young adults (18-29 years old) and 80 healthy older adults (60-89 years old) were included. The main results revealed significant effects of age on sensitivity to interference. As expected, reactive control performance remained intact with aging (similar interference effect in the two groups). In contrast, we observed a larger interference effect in the proactive condition in aging. Finally, when the groups are matched according to their processing speed (assessed by the Code task of the WAIS III, with both younger and older adults having a score comprised between 60 and 93), the effect of age on sensitivity to interference disappeared. In other words, when younger and older adults had similar speed of processing abilities, no age-related proactive control decline was observed. In conclusion, beyond the fact that this study confirms the selective age-related decline in proactive control, it also indicates that speed of processing, a measure considered as reflecting the integrity of cognitive functioning during aging (Salthouse, 1996), influences the efficiency of proactive control in that population.
Research center :
GIGA CRC (Cyclotron Research Center) In vivo Imaging-Aging & Memory - ULiège
Disciplines :
Neurosciences & behavior
Author, co-author :
Manard, Marine ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de Psychologie : cognition et comportement > Neuropsychologie
Carabin, Delphine
Collette, Fabienne  ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de Psychologie : cognition et comportement > Neuropsychologie
Language :
English
Title :
Does processing speed protect from age-related decline in cognitive control ?
Publication date :
27 October 2012
Event name :
Belgian Brain Council
Event place :
Liège, Belgium
Event date :
27 octobre 2012
Available on ORBi :
since 22 July 2013

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