Article (Scientific journals)
Effects of cyanamide and acetaldehyde accumulation on the locomotor stimulant and sedative effects of ethanol in mice
Tambour, Sophie; Closon, Catherine; Tirelli, Ezio et al.
2007In Behavioural Pharmacology, 18 (8), p. 777-784
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Keywords :
acetaldehyde; alcohol dehydrogenase; aldehyde dehydrogenase; catalase; cyanamide; ethanol; locomotor activity; mouse; 4-methylpyrazole; sedation
Abstract :
[en] Ethanol administration induces both locomotor stimulant and sedative effects depending upon blood ethanol concentrations. Recent studies in rats and mice suggest that acetaldehyde, the first product of ethanol metabolism, might be involved in the expression of both the stimulant and the sedative effects of ethanol. A number of studies have used the drug cyanamide in an attempt to clarify the role of acetaldehyde in the behavioral effects of ethanol. The results of such studies are, however, difficult to interpret because cyanamide is an inhibitor of the enzymes catalase and aldehyde dehydrogenase, two enzymes with opposite effects on brain acetaldehyde concentrations. This study was aimed at clarifying the effects of cyanamide on ethanol-induced locomotor stimulant and sedative effects in Swiss mice. The locomotor stimulant effects of ethanol were measured in standard activity boxes, whereas the sedative effects of ethanol were quantified using the loss of righting reflex procedure. Cyanamide prevented the locomotor stimulant effects of 2 g/kg ethanol, although this was mainly due to a potentiation of the inhibitory effects of ethanol as evidenced by a prolongation of ethanol-induced loss of righting reflex. Additionally, 4-methylpyrazole, an inhibitor of the enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase, prevented these effects of cyanamide. It is concluded that in vivo the effects of cyanamide are predominantly due to the inhibition of the enzyme aldehyde dehydrogenase, rather than to its effects on catalase.
Research center :
Centre de Neurosciences Cognitives et Comportementales - ULiège
Disciplines :
Pharmacy, pharmacology & toxicology
Psychiatry
Neurosciences & behavior
Author, co-author :
Tambour, Sophie ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > Département des sciences cognitives > Neuroscience comportementale et psychopharmacologie expér.
Closon, Catherine;  Université de Liège - ULiège > Département des sciences cognitives > Psychologie quantitative
Tirelli, Ezio ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > Département des sciences cognitives > Neuroscience comportementale et psychopharmacologie expér.
Quertemont, Etienne  ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > Département des sciences cognitives > Psychologie quantitative
Language :
English
Title :
Effects of cyanamide and acetaldehyde accumulation on the locomotor stimulant and sedative effects of ethanol in mice
Publication date :
2007
Journal title :
Behavioural Pharmacology
ISSN :
0955-8810
eISSN :
1473-5849
Publisher :
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, London, United Kingdom
Volume :
18
Issue :
8
Pages :
777-784
Peer reviewed :
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi
Funders :
F.R.S.-FNRS - Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique [BE]
Available on ORBi :
since 28 November 2008

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