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Neanderthals see red : production of red powder in the Late Mousterian in Ormesson, France
Salomon, Hélène; Geurten, Stéphanie; Bodu, Pierre et al.
2013Autour de l'hématite - About Haematite
 

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Abstract :
[en] Les Bossats, near Ormesson, is a newly discovered late Mousterian site dated around 47.000 B.P. by thermoluminescence. The archaeological level, fossilized by loess, revealed a rich industry based on the discoide mode, associated with numerous fragments of red iron-rich rocks. The geological sources were identified by means of SEM-EDX, XRD, Raman spectroscopy, PIXE and by petrographical observation of thin sections. The past mechanical and morphological modifications of the pigment blocks were characterized by macro-photography, microscopy and topographical micro- measures of the used surfaces. It was thus possible to demonstrate that the colouring materials were selected in the neighbouring by the Neanderthals. Fourteen blocks and fragments show different use wears such as facets, grooves and scars. The Neanderthals implemented numerous techniques in order to produce preferentially red powder. The archaeological remains reveal an organized and versatile processing sequence of red ferruginous materials. During the late Mousterian a great phenomenon in expansion in western Europe is remarkable by the much wider exploitation of mineral red and black materials corresponding to technical modifications and divers utilizations under development.
Disciplines :
Archaeology
Author, co-author :
Salomon, Hélène ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > Département des sciences historiques > Archéologie préhistorique
Geurten, Stéphanie
Bodu, Pierre
Mathis, François ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de physique > Spectroscopie atomique et Physique des atomes froids
Language :
English
Title :
Neanderthals see red : production of red powder in the Late Mousterian in Ormesson, France
Publication date :
07 February 2013
Event name :
Autour de l'hématite - About Haematite
Event organizer :
C. Billard, D. Bosquet, É. Goemaere, C. Hamon, I. Jadin, H. Salomon & X. Savary
Event place :
Jambes-Namur, Belgium
Event date :
7-8 février 2013
Audience :
International
Available on ORBi :
since 13 February 2013

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