Chemical composition of silage residues sustaining the larval development of the Culicoides obsoletus/Culicoides scoticus species (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)
[en] Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) are biological vectors of bluetongue virus (BTV). Bluetongue is a viral disease that affects domestic and wild ruminants. Since its recent emergence in northern Europe, this disease has caused considerable economic losses to the sheep and cattle industry. The biotopes, and more particularly the chemical characteristics which are suitable for larval development of the main vector species, are still relatively unknown. This study shows that the larvae of biting midges belonging to the species Culicoides obsoletus and Culicoides scoticus are able to breed in different types of silage residue (maize, grass, sugar beet pulp and their combinations). The chemical composition of substrates strongly influences the presence of the immature stages of these biting midges. Higher lignin and insoluble fibre contents seem to favour their presence and could play the role of a physical support for semi-aquatic larvae. In contrast, higher concentrations of magnesium and calcium are negatively correlated with the presence of these two species. These data will help to locate and monitor the breeding sites of these species and could contribute to the control of these insects on farms.
Disciplines :
Veterinary medicine & animal health Entomology & pest control
Author, co-author :
Zimmer, Jean-Yves ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Sciences agronomiques > Entomologie fonctionnelle et évolutive
Saegerman, Claude ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département des maladies infectieuses et parasitaires > Epidémiologie et analyse des risques appl. aux sc. vétér.
Losson, Bertrand ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département des maladies infectieuses et parasitaires > Parasitologie et pathologie des maladies parasitaires
Haubruge, Eric ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Services administratifs généraux > Vice-Recteur de Gembloux Agro Bio Tech
Francis, Frédéric ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Sciences agronomiques > Entomologie fonctionnelle et évolutive
Language :
English
Title :
Chemical composition of silage residues sustaining the larval development of the Culicoides obsoletus/Culicoides scoticus species (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)
Publication date :
2013
Journal title :
Veterinary Parasitology
ISSN :
0304-4017
eISSN :
1873-2550
Publisher :
Elsevier, Netherlands
Volume :
191
Issue :
1-2
Pages :
197-201
Peer reviewed :
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi
Commentary :
Copyright (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
AOAC. Official Methods of Analysis 1990, Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem., Arlington, VA. 15th ed.
Bishop A.L., McKenzie H.J., Barchia I.M., Harris A.M. Effect of temperature regimes on the development, survival and emergence of Culicoides brevitarsis Kieffer (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in bovine dung. Aust. J. Entomol. 1996, 35:361-368.
Buxton P.A. British Diptera associated with fungi. III. Flies of all families reared from about 150 species of fungi. Entomol. Mon. Mag. 1960, 96:61-94.
Carpenter S., McArthur C., Selby R., Ward R., Nolan D.V., Mordue Luntz A.J., Dallas J.F., Tripet F., Mellor P.S. Experimental infection studies of UK Culicoides species midges with bluetongue virus serotypes 8 and 9. Vet. Rec. 2008, 163:589-592.
Chaker, E., 1983. Contribution à l'étude de la morphologie et de la diagnose des larves de Culicoides (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae). Thèse d'Université. Université Louis Pasteur de Strasbourg, Sciences Pharmaceutiques, Strasbourg, 229 pp.
Cribb B.W., Brei B., Ridley A.W., Merritt D.J. Occurrence of immature Culicoides molestus (Skuse) (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in relation to habitat characteristics. Aust. J. Entomol. 2003, 42:114-118.
Dagnelie P. Interférence statistique à une et à deux dimensions. Statistique théorique et appliquée 1998, vol. 2. De Boeck & Larcier, Paris, Brussels, 659 pp.
Delécolle, J.-C., 1985. Nouvelle contribution à l'étude systématique et iconographique des espèces du genre Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) du Nord-Est de la France. Thèse d'Université. Université Louis Pasteur de Strasbourg, UFR des Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre, Strasbourg, 238 pp.
Glukhova V.M. On the technique of collecting and cultivation of larvae of bloodsucking midges (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae). Parazitologiia 1967, 1:171-175.
Glukhova V.M. On the subgenera classification of the genus Culicoides Latreille 1809 (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae) considering morphological structures of larvae. Parazitologiia 1977, 27:112-118.
Hoffmann B., Bauer B., Bauer C., Bätza H.-J., Beer M., Clausen P.-H., Geier M., Gethmann J.M., Kiel E., Liebisch G., Liebisch A., Mehlhorn H., Schaub G.A., Werner D., Conraths F.J. Monitoring of putative vectors of bluetongue virus serotype 8, Germany. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 2009, 15(9):1481-1484.
Hoffmann B., Scheuch M., Höper D., Jungblut R., Holsteg M., Schirrmeier H., Eschbaumer M., Goller K.V., Wernike K., Fischer M., Breithaupt A., Mettenleiter T.C., Beer M. Novel Orthobunyavirus in cattle, Europe, 2011. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 2012, 18(9):469-472.
Kettle D.S., Lawson J.W.H. The early stages of British Biting Midges Culicoides Latreille (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) and allied Genera. Bull. Entomol. Res. 1952, 43:421-467.
Kremer, M., 1965. Contribution à l'étude du genre Culicoides Latreille, particulièrement en France. Encyclopédie entomologique: Série A, Travaux généraux, 39. Edition Lechevalier, Paris, 299 pp.
Linley J.R., Adams G.M. Ecology and behaviour of immature Culicoides melleus. Bull. Entomol. Res. 1972, 62:113-127.
Linley J.R., Kettle D.S. A description of the larvae and pupae of Culicoides furens Poey, and Culicoides hoffmani Fox (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae). Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 1964, 7:129-149.
Murray W.S. Investigations on the bionomics of Culicoides obsoletus (Meigen) and other biting midges at Mount Solon, Virginia. Mosq. News 1957, 17:77-82.
Ninio C., Augot D., Dufour B., Depaquit J. Emergence of Culicoides obsoletus from indoor and outdoor breeding sites. Vet. Parasitol. 2011, 183:125-129.
Rieb, J.-P., 1982. Contribution à la connaissance de l'écologie et de la biologie des Cératopogonidés (Diptera, Nematocera). Thèse d'Université. Université Louis Pasteur de Strasbourg, UFR des Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre, Strasbourg, 395 pp.
Saegerman C., Berkvens D., Mellor P.S. Bluetongue epidemiology in the European Union: current status and perspectives. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 2008, 14:539-544.
Saegerman C., Berkvens D., Mellor P.S., Dal Pozzo F., Porter S., Zientara S. Fièvre catarrhale ovine: l'Europe au carrefour de l'enzootie. Point Vét. 2008, 290:41-47.
StataCorp. Stata Statistical Software. Release 10 2007, StataCorp LP, College Station, TX.
Szmaragd C., Wilson A., Carpenter S., Mertens P.P.C., Mellor P.S., Gubbins S. Mortality and case fatality during the recurrence of BTV-8 in northern Europe in 2007. Vet. Rec. 2007, 161:571-572.
Thiry E., Saegerman C., Guyot H., Kirten P., Losson B., Rollin F., Bodmer M., Czaplicki G., Toussaint J.F., De Clercq K., De Dochy J.M., Dufey J., Gilleman J.L., Messeman K. Bluetongue in northern Europe. Vet. Rec. 2006, 159:327.
Van Soest P.J., Robertson J.B., Lewis B.A. Methods for dietary fiber, neutral-detergent fiber and non-starch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. J. Dairy Sci. 1991, 74:3583-3597.
Zimmer J.-Y., Haubruge E., Francis F., Bortels J., Simonon G., Losson B., Mignon B., Paternostre J., De Deken R., De Deken G., Deblauwe I., Fassotte C., Cors R., Defrance T. Breeding sites of bluetongue vectors in northern Europe. Vet. Rec. 2008, 162:131.
Zimmer J.-Y., Losson B., Saegerman C., Haubruge E. Ecologie et distribution des espèces de Culicoides Latreille 1809 (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) à proximité d'une exploitation bovine en Belgique. Ann. Soc. Entomol. Fr. 2009, 45(3):393-400.
Zimmer J.-Y., Saegerman C., Losson B., Haubruge E. Breeding sites of bluetongue virus vectors, Belgium. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 2010, 16(3):575-576.