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Liver abnormalities in severely obese subjects: effect of drastic weight loss after gastroplasty.
Luyckx, Françoise; Desaive, Claude; Thiry, Albert et al.
1998In International Journal of Obesity, 22 (3), p. 222-6
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Keywords :
Adult; Biopsy; Blood Glucose/analysis; Cholesterol/blood; Cohort Studies; Fatty Liver/epidemiology/etiology/pathology; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Gastroplasty; Humans; Liver/enzymology/pathology/surgery; Male; Middle Aged; Obesity, Morbid/complications/pathology/surgery; Prevalence; Retrospective Studies; Sex Factors; Triglycerides/blood
Abstract :
[en] OBJECTIVE: To examine the factors associated with liver steatosis in severely obese subjects and to test the potential reversibility of fatty liver after weight loss. DESIGN: Retrospective clinical study. SUBJECT: 528 obese patients before bariatric surgery and 69 obese subjects of the initial cohort evaluated before and 27+/-15 months after gastroplasty. MEASUREMENTS: Fatty deposition (scored as mild, moderate or severe) and inflammatory changes were evaluated in liver biopsies; clinical (body mass index (BMI), age, gender, duration of obesity) and biological (glucose, triglycerides, liver enzymes) parameters were related to histological findings. RESULTS: 74% of the 528 biopsies showed fatty change, estimated as mild in 41% of cases, moderate in 32% and severe in 27%. The prevalence of steatosis was significantly higher in men than in women (91% vs 70%, P = 0.001) and in patients with impaired glucose tolerance or type 2 diabetes compared with nondiabetics (89% vs 69% P = 0.001). The severity of the steatosis was associated with BMI (P = 0.002) but not with the duration of obesity or the age of the patient. When compared with patients without fatty change, those with liver steatosis had significantly higher fasting plasma glucose (5.5 mmol/l vs 5.1 mmol/l, P = 0.007) and triglycerides (1.8 mmol/l vs 1.3 mmol/l, P = 0.002). Mean serum liver enzyme activities (alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase (gammaGT) were significantly (P < 0.001) increased in patients with fatty change but remained within laboratory reference values. In the 69 patients who have been evaluated after a marked weight reduction (-32+/-19kg), 45% of the biopsies were considered as normal (vs 13% before, P < 0.001) while pure fatty change was still observed in 38% of the patients (vs 83% before, P = 0.001). However, the severity of the steatosis was significantly (P < 0.001) reduced (mild: 62% vs 21%; moderate: 23% vs 37%; severe: 15% vs 42%). In addition, a significant increase of hepatitis was observed in 26% of the biopsies (vs 14% before, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Liver steatosis in obese subjects is associated with men, diabetic status, BMI, higher fasting glucose and hypertriglyceridaemia. Postgastroplasty weight loss reduces liver steatosis, but seems to increase the incidence of inflammatory lobular hepatitis.
Disciplines :
Surgery
Endocrinology, metabolism & nutrition
Author, co-author :
Luyckx, Françoise ;  Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège - CHU > Chimie médicale
Desaive, Claude ;  Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège - CHU > Chirurgie abdominale- endocrinienne et de transplantation
Thiry, Albert ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > Anatomie pathologique
Dewe, W.
Scheen, André  ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > Département des sciences cliniques > Diabétologie, nutrition et maladie métaboliques - Médecine interne générale
Gielen, Jean-Louis ;  Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège - CHU > Chirurgie maxillo-faciale et plastique
Lefebvre, Pierre ;  Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège - CHU > Diabétologie,nutrition, maladies métaboliques
Language :
English
Title :
Liver abnormalities in severely obese subjects: effect of drastic weight loss after gastroplasty.
Publication date :
1998
Journal title :
International Journal of Obesity
ISSN :
0307-0565
eISSN :
1476-5497
Publisher :
Nature Publishing Group, London, United Kingdom
Volume :
22
Issue :
3
Pages :
222-6
Peer reviewed :
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi
Available on ORBi :
since 20 May 2009

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