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Abstract :
[en] Inhibitory control, which is commonly considered as one of the essential components of executive functions (Barkley, 1997; Miyake et al., 2000), is not considered as an unitary construct (for example, Friedman & Miyake, 2004; Nassauer & Halperin, 2003). In this study, perceptual and motor inhibition were studied in 12 children who had sustained a moderate to severe traumatic brain injury and in 24 matched control children, with the Conflict Resolution task (Nassauer & Halperin, 2003). The perceptual inhibition task required the children to respond to the direction of an arrow while ignoring the conflicting arrow location. In the motor inhibition task, the subject had to press a key corresponding to the opposite direction of a centrally located arrow. Direct comparisons of inhibition performances between traumatic brain injury children and matched controlled subjects showed a specific and disproportionate impairment for motor inhibition (compared to perceptive inhibition) in the traumatic brain injury children, suggesting that inhibition processes might be differentially impaired after traumatic brain injury in children. Interestingly, impairments in behavioural inhibition in day-to-day activities (as reported by the parents), was found to strongly correlate with both types of inhibition.