http://hdl.handle.net/2268/134 Search this channel search http://orbi.ulg.ac.be/simple-search http://hdl.handle.net/2268/148570 Title: 15th Benelux Congress of Zoology abstract book <br/> <br/>Editor: Colleye, Orphal; Dauby, Patrick; Fabri, Gregory; Frederich, Bruno; Lepoint, Gilles; Mauguit, Quentin; Plumier, Jean-Christophe Thu, 16 May 2013 10:38:33 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2268/148569 Title: The Heat Shock Response and Tissue Protection <br/> <br/>Author, co-author: Currie, R.W.; Plumier, Jean-Christophe Thu, 16 May 2013 10:19:29 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2268/148567 Title: Heat Shock Proteins ans antioxidative enzymes in myocardial protection <br/> <br/>Author, co-author: Currie, R.W.; Plumier, Jean-Christophe Thu, 16 May 2013 10:17:22 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2268/148566 Title: Brain plasticity and anti-depressant effects are versatile potential of alpha-linolenic acid to promote stroke recovery <br/> <br/>Author, co-author: Blondeau, Nicolas; Debruyne D; Piens, Marie; Nguemeni, C.; Plumier, Jean-Christophe; Marini, A. M.; Heurteaux, C. Thu, 16 May 2013 10:11:55 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2268/148564 Title: The role of Heat Shock Proteins (Hsp70 and Hsp27) in protection against ischemic injury in the myocardium and cerebral cortex <br/> <br/>Author, co-author: Plumier, Jean-Christophe Thu, 16 May 2013 10:07:41 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2268/148557 Title: Function, diversity and therapeutic potential of the N-terminal domain of human chemokine receptors <br/> <br/>Author, co-author: Szpakowska, Martyna; Fievez, Virginie; Arumugan, Karthik; van Nuland, Nico; Schmit, Jean-Claude; Chevigné, Andy Thu, 16 May 2013 09:43:41 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2268/148554 Title: Increased gastrodermal mitosis after bleaching in the sea anemone A. pallida <br/> <br/>Author, co-author: Fransolet, David; Roberty, Stéphane; Plumier, Jean-Christophe Thu, 16 May 2013 09:02:50 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2268/148550 Title: Physiologie Animale <br/> <br/>Author, co-author: Ancil, Michel; Baguet, Fernand; Charmantier, Mireille; Charmantier, Guy; Gilles, Raymond; Pequeux, André; Plumier, Jean-Christophe; Sébert, Philippe Thu, 16 May 2013 08:29:50 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2268/148540 Title: Investir dans la durabilité des productions porcines : un chantier wallon. <br/> <br/>Author, co-author: Picron, Pascale Wed, 15 May 2013 20:29:37 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2268/148539 Title: Optimization of the formation of vinyldithiins, therapeutic compounds from garlic <br/> <br/>Author, co-author: DETHIER, Bérénice; Hanon, Emilien; Maayoufi, Said; Nott, Katherine; Fauconnier, Marie-Laure <br/> <br/>Abstract: Allyl sulfides, ajoenes and vinyldithiins are the three main groups of volatile organosulfur compounds that are formed when garlic is crushed. The manner garlic is processed (nature of the extraction medium, temperature…) has a major influence on their relative proportion and the amounts produced. It has been proven recently that the vinyldithiins are at the origin of garlic’s capacity to prevent adipocytes development. Their incorporation in garlic-based nutraceuticals is thus particularly interesting. In this context, this work aims to optimize the production of vinyldithiins from garlic. After having determined the best garlic origin (Spanish) and the best oil for the extraction (olive or sunflower oil), the extraction conditions were optimized (1/2 (w/w garlic oil), 37 °C, 6 h) and 133 mg of vinyldithiins was obtained from 100 g of fresh garlic. Carrying out the extraction under microwave irradiation allowed increasing the yield 3.6-fold (yield 486 mg of vinyldithiins from 100 g of fresh garlic). This study may also contribute to the development of new garlic derived high value products by enhancing the comprehension of their formation. Wed, 15 May 2013 19:19:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2268/148531 Title: Base de données des relevés phytosociologiques <br/> <br/>Author, co-author: Dufrêne, Marc Wed, 15 May 2013 16:09:25 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2268/148524 Title: Diversité de l’abeille & sélection de souches tolérantes à Varroa destructor <br/> <br/>Author, co-author: Leclercq, Gil; Francis, Frédéric; Haubruge, Eric; Gengler, Nicolas; Nguyen, Bach Kim <br/> <br/>Abstract: Présentation des 2 volets de recherche du projet "Selapis" (D31-1280) : la diversité de l'abeille et la sélection de souches tolérantes au Varroa Wed, 15 May 2013 13:39:17 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2268/148522 Title: La mortalité de l'abeille domestique : entre communication médiatique et scientifique <br/> <br/>Author, co-author: Leclercq, Gil; Francis, Frédéric; Haubruge, Eric; Gengler, Nicolas; Nguyen, Bach Kim <br/> <br/>Abstract: A l’heure actuelle, plus personne n’ignore que nos populations d’abeilles domestiques subissent de lourdes pertes, chez nous comme dans de nombreux autres pays. Les médias ont axés leur communication sur des messages très simples. On en retient surtout que les pesticides tuent nos abeilles. La conclusion au problème est dès lors évidente : il faut interdire les pesticides. Mais cette problématique est-elle si simple ? Ce message est-il le même que celui communiqué par les scientifiques ? Cette conférence permettra de faire le point sur les pertes en colonies d’abeilles domestiques. On s’intéressera plus particulièrement aux pertes de ces dernières années en Belgique, cartes et chiffres à l’appui. On y verra aussi comment chacun, qu’il soit citoyen, apiculteur, agriculteur,… peut aider à enrayer cette mortalité effrayante. Wed, 15 May 2013 13:12:10 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2268/148513 Title: Late Holocene changes in cyanobacterial community structure in maritime Antarctic lakes <br/> <br/>Author, co-author: Fernandez-Carazo, Rafael; Verleyen, Elie; Hodgson, Dominic A; Roberts, Stephen J; Waleron, Kzrysztof; Vyverman, Wim; Wilmotte, Annick <br/> <br/>Abstract: Despite the dominance of cyanobacteria in polar freshwater aquatic ecosystems, little is known about their past biodiversity and response to climate and environmental changes. We explored the use of light microscopy of microfossils, high performance liquid chromatography of the fossil pigment composition and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis of fossil 16S rRNA genes to study past and present-day differences in cyanobacterial community structure in response to climate changes in two adjacent maritime Antarctic lakes with contrasting depths (4 and 26 m) and light climates. Light microscopy was of limited use because of degradation of cell structures. Fossil cyanobacterial pigment concentrations were below the detection limits of our method in several sediment samples in the deep lake, but abundant and diverse inthe sediment core from the shallow pond, probably as a consequence of increased light availability and/or a more diverse and abundant benthic cyanobacterial flora. Total carotenoid and chlorophyll concentrations were highest in both lakes between ca. 2,950 and 1,800 cal yr BP, which coincides with the late Holocene climate optimum recognised elsewhere in maritime Antarctica. Cyanobacterial molecular diversity was higher in the top few centimeters of the sediments in both lakes. In deeper sediments, the taxonomic turnover of cyanobacteria appeared to be relatively small in response to past climate anomalies in both lakes, underscoring the broad tolerance of cyanobacteria to environmental variability. This, however, may in part be explained by the low taxonomic resolution obtained with the relatively conserved 16S rRNA gene and/or the preferential preservation of particular taxa. Our results highlight the potential of fossil DNA in lake sediments to study colonization and succession dynamics of lacustrine cyanobacteria and warrant further investigation of the factors that affect preservation of cyanobacterial DNA. Wed, 15 May 2013 11:04:47 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2268/148506 Title: Biomass hydrolyzing enzymes identified by functional screening of a metagenomic library from algal biofilms. <br/> <br/>Author, co-author: Martin, Marjolaine; Biver, Sophie; Barbeyron, Tristan; Michel, Gurvan; Portetelle, Daniel; Vandenbol, Micheline <br/> <br/>Abstract: Biomass hydrolyzing enzymes are increasingly searched for the production of biofuels and renewable chemical compounds using biomass. Microorganisms living on algaes are an interesting reservoir of biomass hydrolyzing enzymes, as they are in constant interaction with algal biomass. Therefore, we are interested in looking for some of those enzymes synthesized by the microflora living on the surface of the brown algae Ascophyllum nodosum. Algae samples were collected in the winter 2012 and a microbial DNA extraction method was developed. The whole extracted microbial genomes of the microorganisms living on the algae were restricted, inserted in a cloning vector and ligated products were used for transformation of cultivable Escherichia coli host cells. This metagenomic library was then screened for diverse enzymatic activities (lipolytic enzymes, cellulases, beta-glucosidases, alpha-amylases, arabinanases, xylanases and proteases) on agar plates with specific substrates. Five putative lipolytic enzymes, one cellulase and one beta-glucosidase were identified. Sequence analysis revealed low (<50%) sequence identities with known enzymes sequences, meaning new enzymes from unknown genomes have been discovered. To our knowledge this is the first functional screening that was realized with a metagenomic library from algal biofilms and this is the first cellulase identified by marine metagenomics. A second library has been constructed from algae sample from summer 2012 and is currently being screened. New enzymatic tests are being developed for the identification of enzymes degrading specific algal polysaccharides like agarases, carrageenases, alginate lyases, laminarinases,… Those very specific enzymes aren’t well known yet, and our metagenomic approach will probably help us to identify new families and structures of those algal biomass hydrolyzing enzymes. Wed, 15 May 2013 09:48:06 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2268/148497 Title: Nouvelles estimations des effectifs de l’Agrion de Mercure (Coenagrion mercuriale) dans la plaine du Biran (Commune de Beauraing, Belgique) avec une analyse des principaux facteurs écologiques expliquant son abondance. <br/> <br/>Author, co-author: Couvreur, Jean-Marc; Dufrêne, Marc; Goffart, Philippe; Vandevyvre, Xavier; Etienne, Fabrice; Testart, D. Wed, 15 May 2013 08:50:32 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2268/148494 Title: La structuration du monde paysan au Rwanda : cas des coopératives et des stations de lavage de café de Maraba et de Karaba, District de Huye <br/> <br/>Author, co-author: Gisaro Ca-Madeberi, Ya-Bititi <br/> <br/>Abstract: Au Rwanda, l’agriculture est la principale activité économique qui occupe environ 90% de la population active dans les zones rurales. Elle contribue pour plus de 36% dans la formation du PIB. Le café est la principale culture de rente et source de revenu des producteurs, et qui procure des devises importantes pour l’économie nationale. Même si le café n’occupe que 6,3% des superficies cultivées, il est exploité par plus de 500.000 ménages au niveau national. Depuis son introduction au Rwanda en 1904, le café a toujours été exploité par des producteurs individuels au sein de leurs collines. Après la libéralisation de la filière café au Rwanda en 1998, la quantité et la qualité produites ne cessent de décroître, ce qui influe sur le prix et sur le revenu des caféiculteurs. Dans la recherche de solutions à ce problème, l’État rwandais a misé sur le regroupement des producteurs en coopératives et dans la construction des stations de lavage de café (SLC) dans toutes les zones caféicoles au niveau national. Le but est de produire un café entièrement lavé, exportable et mieux coté sur le marché international, et qui puisse fournir des revenus meilleurs pour les paysans producteurs. Les stations de lavage sont alors perçues comme des procédés de production de café de qualité, sont principalement gérées par des coopératives, qui sont des éléments structurants dans le monde rural. Un travail d’enquêtes auprès d’un échantillon de 80 caféiculteurs pendant trois campagnes (2008, 2009, 2010), des interviews, des observations ainsi que des entretiens auprès de différents agents intervenant dans le secteur caféier ont été menés pour comprendre et analyser les effets des SLC et des coopératives sur les producteurs. La présente dissertation originale est consacrée à analyser l’impact de la structuration du monde paysan à travers les coopératives et les stations de lavage de café de Maraba et de Karaba au sud du Rwanda, sur le développement socio-économique des producteurs membres et du monde environnant, en les comparant aux caféiculteurs non membres des coopératives. A travers ces infrastructures et structures mises en place, des emplois sont créés pour les producteurs, les paysans sont motivés, les revenus augmentent, le marché est garanti, les prix sont meilleurs pour les membres, les crédits sont accordés, ce qui améliore le bien-être socioéconomique voire technique des caféiculteurs, et permet de réduire la pauvreté au sein des ménages producteurs.; The agricultural sector is the main economic activity of Rwanda, which occupies approximately 90% of the active population in rural areas. It contributes more than 36% to the GDP. Coffee is the main cash crop and source of income for farmers, and provides major currencies for the national economy. Although it covers only 6.3% of cultivated areas, coffee is produced by 500,000 households in Rwanda. Since its introduction in the country in 1904, coffee has always been operated by individual producers. After the liberalization of the coffee sector in Rwanda in 1998, the quantity and quality produced are steadily decreasing which affects the price and the income of coffee growers. In the search for a solution to this problem, the Rwandan government has focused on the consolidation of producers cooperatives, and on the building of coffee washing stations (CWS) in all coffee growing areas at national level. The goal is to produce a fully washed coffee, exportable and better valued on the international market, which can provide better income for peasant producers. Washing stations are then seen as tools to produce quality coffee and are mainly run by cooperatives, which are structural elements in the rural world. Survey work on a sample of 80 farms for the three seasons (2008, 2009, 2010) as well as interviews with various key agents involved in the coffee sector have been conducted to understand and analyze the effects of CWS and cooperatives on coffee growers. This original dissertation is devoted to analyze the impact resulting from the structure action of the peasant world through cooperatives and coffee washing stations of Maraba and Karaba in southern Rwanda, on the socio-economic development of farmers who are members of a cooperative and the surrounding world by comparing to non-members of cooperatives. Through these facilities and structures put in place, jobs are created for producers, farmers are motivated due to income increases, the market is guaranteed, the prices are higher for members and loans are given, thereby improving the socio-economic and technical assistance to growers, which reduces the poverty among coffee growers’ households. Wed, 15 May 2013 07:51:24 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2268/148477 Title: Anatomie et identification des bois <br/> <br/>Author, co-author: Jourez, Benoît <br/> <br/>Abstract: Anatomie des bois Structure anatomique des résineux et des feuillus Structure de la membrane cellulaire structure submicroscopique Anatomie du bois des essences feuillues tropicales Caractères anatomiques servant à l'identification des essences Reconnaissance microscopique du bois des essences résineuses et feuillues Duramen et duraminisation Formations anormales ( bois de compression et bois de tension) Chimie du bois Composition générale Cellulose, hémicellulose, lignine, constituants accessoires; WOOD ANATOMY Anatomical structure of softwoods and hardwoods Structure of cell wall and submicroscopical structure Wood anatomy of tropical hardwood species Anatomical features leading to the identification of wooden species Heartwood and heartwood formation Abnormal structure (compression wood and tension wood) WOOD CHEMISTRY General composition Cellulose, hemicellulose, lignine and secondary components. Tue, 14 May 2013 14:38:31 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2268/148476 Title: Coconut lumber for wood decks (Cocos nucifera L.):decay resistance against Basidiomycetes fungi <br/> <br/>Author, co-author: Jourez, Benoît; Verheyen, Cécile; Van Acker, Joris <br/> <br/>Abstract: Since a couple of years, manufactured products of coconut wood for outdoor uses like wood decks have been proposed on the European market. These are presented as an alternative for traditional tropical timbers. In the past, coconut wood was neglected and burned for sanitary reasons and lack of interest at industrial scale. Plantation coconut trees at end of production of copra constitute a renewable resource with high added value. In order to convince the markets, natural durability for outdoor use, without preservative treatment, against wood destroying fungi characteristic of northern temperate regions is a major property that has to be checked. Natural durability of coconut lumber was tested in the laboratory according to the European standard EN 15083-1 against brown (Coniophora puteana) and white (Coriolus versicolor) rot decay basidiomycetes fungi. Beech wood specimens were used as virulence controls. Mass losses were determined after 16 weeks exposure. The results showed that tested coconut wood is very resistant to the brown rot fungus Coniophora puteana and resistant to the white rot fungus Coriolus versicolor. Mass loss and density of tested samples with C. versicolor are inversely related. In addition, the density shows a large variability in the test sample, more than 500 kg / m³. These results confirm that after a selection on density criteria, the natural durability of Coconut lumber is sufficient for outdoor application in use class 3 (based on European standard EN 335 and in line with EN 460). Tue, 14 May 2013 14:36:36 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2268/148470 Title: Complex regulation of the FRD3 gene in Arabidopsis relatives <br/> <br/>Author, co-author: Charlier, Jean-Benoit; Polese, Catherine; Nouet, Cécile; Krämer, Ute; Motte, Patrick; Hanikenne, Marc Tue, 14 May 2013 13:20:24 GMT