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Showing results 5701 to 5800 of 6349
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  Training the rehearsal strategy in Down syndrome and normal children. Effects on memory span, word-length and phonological similarity effectComblain, Annick  Poster (1996, July 18) Verbal short-term memory skills of Down's syndrome subjects are very poor. As in normal children, it seems possible to increase memory span by using a rehearsal training strategy. Memory span tasks have ... [more ▼] Verbal short-term memory skills of Down's syndrome subjects are very poor. As in normal children, it seems possible to increase memory span by using a rehearsal training strategy. Memory span tasks have been proposed to two experimental groups (Down's syndrome subjects / normally developping children) and two control groups (Down's syndrome subjects / normally developping children). The experimental groups were intensively trained to rehearse during 8 weeks. Two post-tests were proposed to the subjects: 1] directly after the training session and 2] six weeks after the training session. We observe an increase of the experimental groups' memory span. The weak modifications of word-length effect and phonological similarity effect seem to confirm that these effects are not due to the rehearsal strategy use. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 34 (0 ULg)Relationship between auditivo-vocal short-term memory and lexical knowledge in Down'syndromeComblain, Annick Poster (1996, May 10) Some neuropsychological studies of brain damaged patients presenting memory deficits suggest that working memory directly contribute to the long-term learning of non-familiar phonological structures. It ... [more ▼] Some neuropsychological studies of brain damaged patients presenting memory deficits suggest that working memory directly contribute to the long-term learning of non-familiar phonological structures. It seems that a phonological store impairment leads to problems in learning new words (Baddeley, Papagno & Vallar, 1988). Gathercole and Baddeley (1993) studies of normal young children lead to the same conclusion. Phonological short-term memory abilities of 4-5 years-old children directly influence lexical acquisition. Children who exhibit the higher phonological memory skills produce higly discriminable and stable phonological memory traces. For these children, there is a greater probability that memory traces become durable and semanticaly linked to the referent. One can then conclude that the phonological short-term memory abilities directly influence the way young children acquired new vocabulary items. A study of memory abilities and lexical knowledge of Down's syndrome subjects (mental age:3;5 to 5;4 years old, chronological age: 8;10 to 25;11 years old) lead us to the following conclusion: in Down's syndrome subjects, as well as in normal subjects, one cannot reject the hypothesis that lexical knowledge are linked to the subjects phonological short-term memory abilities and more specially to non-word repetition. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 11 (2 ULg) Traveller's diarrhea due to microsporidia in a immunocompetent patient back from GuatemalaHayette, Marie-Pierre ; Demonty, Jean ; Datry, Annick et al Poster (1996, May) Microsporidia are spore forming protozoan parasites who cause a variety of diseases among immunodeficiency patients. Only a few cases are reported among immunocompetent patients. We report a case of ... [more ▼] Microsporidia are spore forming protozoan parasites who cause a variety of diseases among immunodeficiency patients. Only a few cases are reported among immunocompetent patients. We report a case of intestinal microsporidial infection in a 22-year-old student, coming back from Guatemala, after one month travel. Clinical aspects: The young boy was admitted to the hospital for napache with stiffness, backache and fever at 39°C. He reported nonbloody diarrhea 5 days before hospitalization, without nausea or vomiting. During his travel he also presented a few days of self-limited diarrhea, with watery stools without fever. At the end of the trip he had lost 10 kg. Before his travel he was vaccinated against A hepatitis, poliomyelitis, typhoid fever and he receved a malaria prophylaxis by Nivaquine. The clinical examination pointed out a discreet pain at the left iliac fossa, napache and fever. Diagnosis: The biology schows an inflammatory syndrome, hyperleucocytosis, and impairing of the hepatic tests with cholestasis. Routine cultures for bacterial pathogens were negative. Stool examination for parasites with use of direct examination or after diphasic concentration didn't reveal the presence of pathogens. The search of cryptosporidia was also negative. All the serologies even against the HIV for the search of a viral etiology were negative. By the use of a modified trichrome stain, some bright pink-red organism mesuring 1-2µ were detected by light microscopy in three consecutive stools. We concluded to the presence of protozoa of the phylum Microspora. Treatment: The patient receved first ciprofloxacine then albendazole, as specifically treatment. All the symptoms disappeared one month after hospitalization. The low charge of parasites didn't allow electron microscopy nor polymerase chain reaction for the determination of the species. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 27 (1 ULg)
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