Genital re-excretion of Murid gammaherpesvirus 4 following intranasal infection

in Proceedings of the 1st Scientific Meeting of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (2011, December 09)

Gammaherpesviruses are the archetypes of persistent viruses that have been identified in a range of animals from mice to man. As the human gammaviruses have no well-established in vivo infection model ... [more ▼]

Gammaherpesviruses are the archetypes of persistent viruses that have been identified in a range of animals from mice to man. As the human gammaviruses have no well-established in vivo infection model, related animal gammaherpesviruses are an important source of information. We are studying Murid herpesvirus 4 (MuHV-4) in inbred laboratory mouse strains which are commonly accepted as a good model for studying gammaherpesviruses in vivo. To date, it has however never been possible to monitor viral reexcretion and virus transmission in this species. In order to identify potential re-excretion sites, intranasally infected mice were followed through global luciferase imaging for up to six months after infection. Surprisingly, we detected transient viral replication in mice genital tract at various times after latency establishment. Ex vivo imaging, quantitative PCR and immunohistochemistry revealed that virus genomes were present in high quantity in the vaginal tissue and that viral replication occurred mainly at the vaginal external border. Moreover, we highlighted the presence of free infectious viruses in the vaginal cavity at the moment of the observation of viral replication. As this ephemeral viral reexcretion could reveal a link with reproductive cycle, we compared reexcretion in normal and ovariectomized mice. Interestingly, no viral reactivation was observed in absence of hormonal cycle. In conclusion, we experimentally indentified for the first time a reexcretion site for MuHV-4 in mice that had been intranasaly infected. In the future, these results could help us to better understand the biology of gammaherpesviruses but should also allow us to develop strategies that could prevent the spread of these viruses in natural populations. [less ▲]

Decentralized Prediction of End-to-End Network Performance Classes

in Proc. of the 7th International Conference on emerging Networking EXperiments and Technologies (CoNEXT) (2011, December 08)

In large-scale networks, full-mesh active probing of end-to-end performance metrics is infeasible. Measuring a small set of pairs and predicting the others is more scalable. Under this framework, we ... [more ▼]

In large-scale networks, full-mesh active probing of end-to-end performance metrics is infeasible. Measuring a small set of pairs and predicting the others is more scalable. Under this framework, we formulate the prediction problem as matrix completion, whereby unknown entries of an incomplete matrix of pairwise measurements are to be predicted. This problem can be solved by matrix factorization because performance matrices have a low rank, thanks to the correlations among measurements. Moreover, its resolution can be fully decentralized without actually building matrices nor relying on special landmarks or central servers. In this paper we demonstrate that this approach is also applicable when the performance values are not measured exactly, but are only known to belong to one among some predefined performance classes, such as "good" and "bad". Such classification-based formulation not only fulfills the requirements of many Internet applications but also reduces the measurement cost and enables a unified treatment of various performance metrics. We propose a decentralized approach based on Stochastic Gradient Descent to solve this class-based matrix completion problem. Experiments on various datasets, relative to two kinds of metrics, show the accuracy of the approach, its robustness against erroneous measurements and its usability on peer selection. [less ▲]

Prolongation de la durée de conservation de l'huile de cactus par ajout des huiles essentielles de quelques plantes aromatiques de la région du Sud marocain et d'huile d'Argan

in 5èmes Journées Internationales d'Etude sur les Lipides - JIEL 2011 : Graisses alimentaires, Lipides marins, Nutrition et Santé (2011, December 08)

Evaluation environnementale de la production d'électricité photovoltaïque par Analyse du Cycle de Vie

in Poster session - Quelles approches transversales pour intégrer le développement durable dans la recherche? Exemples en Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles - Recueil des Abstracts (2011, December 08)

Quelle importance accorder à une arythmie lors d'une visite d'achat ?

in In Proceedings of the 39ème journées annuelles de l'Association des Vétérinaires Equins Français (AVEF) (2011, December 05)

Les arythmies cardiaques sont fréquentes dans l'espèce équine. Cependant, dans la plupart des cas ces arythmies sont physiologiques. Lors d’une visite d’achat, toute la difficulté à laquelle le ... [more ▼]

Les arythmies cardiaques sont fréquentes dans l'espèce équine. Cependant, dans la plupart des cas ces arythmies sont physiologiques. Lors d’une visite d’achat, toute la difficulté à laquelle le vétérinaire sera confronté consistera à différentier de telles arythmies physiologiques d'arythmies pathologiques, qui pourraient avoir un impact sur la carrière future du cheval. Si dans ce cadre l'examen clinique constitue la première étape à réaliser, une électrocardiographie de repos constitue l’étape incontournable pour poser le diagnostic. Dans de nombreux cas, une électrocardiographie d’effort ou sur une durée prolongée (Holter) peut cependant aussi s’avérer nécessaire pour différentier une arythmie physiologique d’une arythmie pathologique. [less ▲]

Etude rétrospective de 12 cas de défaut du septum interventriculaire chez le cheval

in In Proceedings of the 39ème journées annuelles de l'Association des Vétérinaires Equins Français (AVEF) (2011, December 05)

Introduction Le défaut du septum interventriculaire ou communication interventriculaire (CIV) est l’anomalie congénitale la plus fréquente chez le cheval. Le diagnostic et le pronostic de cette pathologie ... [more ▼]

Introduction Le défaut du septum interventriculaire ou communication interventriculaire (CIV) est l’anomalie congénitale la plus fréquente chez le cheval. Le diagnostic et le pronostic de cette pathologie sont réalisés au moyen de l’échocardiographie Doppler pulsé. Cette étude a pour but de décrire les cas observés entre 1998 et 2008 à la clinique équine de l’Université de Liège, mais aussi de déterminer leur devenir à long terme. Matériel et méthodes Sept chevaux présentant une CIV ont été présentés en clinique. Leur race, âge, sexe, symptômes, et le motif de la consultation ont été notés puis une échocardiographie Doppler pulsé a été effectuée. Un suivi téléphonique a aussi été mis en place en 2011 pour connaître leur évolution à long terme. Résultats Les 7 chevaux présentés avaient entre 1 mois et 11 ans. Six chevaux étaient des demi-sang et le septième était un poney islandais. Tous les chevaux présentaient un souffle bilatéral holo- ou pan-systolique de grade égale ou supérieur à 5/6, plus intense à droite en région tricuspide. Cinq chevaux étaient référés pour souffle sans symptôme associé tandis que les 2 autres présentaient des œdèmes, de l’intolérance à l’effort et de la dyspnée. A l’échocardiographie, toutes les CIV étaient localisées à la base du septum dans sa partie membraneuse. Cependant, pour le premier cheval, examiné en 1998, une communication atypique entre le ventricule gauche (VG) et l’oreillette droite (OD) fut observée. La taille des CIV variait entre 0,5 et 6,6cm et la vitesse du shunt, toujours dirigé de gauche à droite, était comprise entre 2,5 et 5,5 m/s. Le premier cheval, référé en clinique en 1998, était en insuffisance cardiaque très sévère et présentait une dilatation des 2 ventricules et des 2 oreillettes, une fibrillation auriculaire et une insuffisance mitrale et tricuspide sévères. Le 2ème cheval avec des signes d’insuffisance cardiaque était un poulain d’1 mois avec une CIV de grande taille (2,6 cm) associé à un début de dilatation du ventricule droit sans autre anomalie cardiaque. Enfin, 3 des 5 chevaux asymptomatiques présentaient différentes insuffisances valvulaires mais seulement légères à modérées et une sténose pulmonaire a été observé chez l’un d’entre eux. Discussion et conclusions Les résultats de cette étude sont en accord avec la littérature. Les CIV sont associées à un souffle bilatéral holo- ou pan-systolique important et sont majoritairement localisés dans la partie membraneuse du septum. Une vitesse élevée du shunt est associée à une CIV de petite taille et à un pronostic vital et sportif bon. Par contre, en cas de CIV associé à d’autres anomalies graves comme des insuffisances valvulaires sévères, le pronostic est sombre. [less ▲]

Effects of temperature on pacemaker activity induced by mechano-electric feedback in a one-dimensional model of a ring-shaped cardiac fiber

in NCBME (Ed.) 10th Belgian Day on Biomedical Engineering (2011, December 02)

Auroral counterpart of magnetic field dipolarizations in Saturn's tail

in American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2011, abstract #SM14A-07 (2011, December 01)

Following magnetic reconnection in a planetary magnetotail, newly closed field lines can be rapidly accelerated back towards the planet, becoming "dipolarized" in the process. At Saturn, dipolarizations ... [more ▼]

Following magnetic reconnection in a planetary magnetotail, newly closed field lines can be rapidly accelerated back towards the planet, becoming "dipolarized" in the process. At Saturn, dipolarizations can be initially identified from the magnetometer data by looking for a southward turning of the magnetic field, indicating the transition from a radially stretched configuration to a more dipolar field topology. The highly stretched geometry of the kronian magnetotail lobes gives rise to a tail current which flows eastward (dusk to dawn) in the near equatorial plane across the centre of the tail. During reconnection and associated dipolarization of the field, the inner edge of this tail current can be diverted through the ionosphere, in a situation analogous to the substorm current wedge picture at Earth [McPherron et al. 1973]. We present a picture of the current circuit arising from this tail reconfiguration, and outline the equations which govern the field-current relationship. We show a number of examples of dipolarizations as identified in the Cassini magnetometer data and use this formalism to calculate limits for the ionospheric current density that would arise for these examples. In addition to the magnetometer data, we also present data from the Cassini VIMS and UVIS instruments which have observed small 'spots' of auroral emission lying near the main oval - features thought to be associated with dipolarizations in the tail. We compare the auroral intensities as predicted from our calculation with the observed spot sizes and intensities. [less ▲]

La production de biohydrogène à partir de substrats carbohydratés : état de l'art

in Récents progrès en génie des procédés (2011, December 01)

Hydrogen is being considered as an ideal and clean energy carrier. The recent advances to produce biohydrogen from renewable sources such as biomass and particularly by fermentation of carbohydrate-rich ... [more ▼]

Hydrogen is being considered as an ideal and clean energy carrier. The recent advances to produce biohydrogen from renewable sources such as biomass and particularly by fermentation of carbohydrate-rich substrates from agriculture and agro-industries appear promising. Such a process enables both organic waste treatment and renewable energy production to be coupled. The paper presents the state of the art about the different hydrogen-producing microorganisms and the parameters that have been investigated in order to improve the hydrogen production yields and rates. [less ▲]

Participer n’est pas influencer. Travailler sur les épreuves de crédibilité du "citoyen-expert" dans le processus décisionnel

in Actes du Congrès du GIS - Démocratie et Participation - Les effets de la participation (2011, December)

Les conséquences de la marchandisation de l’arganier sur la vie socio-économique et culturelle à Haha

in Actes du premier Congrès International de l'Arganier (2011, December)

Arbre à usages multiples, l’arganier est aussi à multifonctions : économique, sociale et environnementale. Il était, et il est encore, un élément important du système agraire local et participe au ... [more ▼]

Arbre à usages multiples, l’arganier est aussi à multifonctions : économique, sociale et environnementale. Il était, et il est encore, un élément important du système agraire local et participe au maintien d’une biodiversité particulière. Comme il a toujours configuré et rythmé la vie des populations de l’arganeraie puisqu’il était (ou l’un de ses produits) toujours présent dans leurs activités culinaires, festives ou socioculturelles. Cependant, l’augmentation rapide du prix de l’huile d’argan a engendré de multiples conséquences sur la vie socioéconomique et culturelle de ces populations. En fait, la marchandisation de l’huile d’argan a eu à la fois des retombées positives et des effets négatifs sur tout l’écosystème. Pour comprendre et analyser ces évolutions et les nouvelles dynamiques locales qui s’y développent, nous avons réalisé une étude dans la zone de Haha, région d’Essaouira, en prenant comme cas les deux communes rurales d’Aguerd et de Tidzi. Ce qui nous a permis, en plus de l’analyse historique, de comparer les dynamiques qui sont en cours au niveau de ces deux communes rurales. [less ▲]

A new jump edge detection method for 3D cameras

in International Conference on 3D Imaging (IC3D) (2011, December)

Edges is a fundamental clue for analyzing, interpreting, and understanding 3D scenes: they describe objects boundaries. Available edge detection methods are not suited for 3D cameras such as the Microsoft ... [more ▼]

Edges is a fundamental clue for analyzing, interpreting, and understanding 3D scenes: they describe objects boundaries. Available edge detection methods are not suited for 3D cameras such as the Microsoft Kinect or a time-of-flight camera: they are slow and do not take into consideration the characteristics of the cameras. In this paper, we present a fast jump edge detection technique for 3D cameras based on the principles of Canny’s edge detector. We first analyze the characteristics of the range signal for two different kinds of cameras: a time-of-flight camera (the PMD[vision] CamCube) and the Microsoft Kinect. From this analysis, we define appropriate operators and thresholds to perform the edge detection. Then, we present some results of the developed algorithms for both cameras. [less ▲]

Low-rank optimization for distance matrix completion

in Proceedings of the 50th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (2011, December)

This paper addresses the problem of low-rank distance matrix completion. This problem amounts to recover the missing entries of a distance matrix when the dimension of the data embedding space is possibly ... [more ▼]

This paper addresses the problem of low-rank distance matrix completion. This problem amounts to recover the missing entries of a distance matrix when the dimension of the data embedding space is possibly unknown but small compared to the number of considered data points. The focus is on high-dimensional problems. We recast the considered problem into an optimization problem over the set of low-rank positive semidefinite matrices and propose two efficient algorithms for low-rank distance matrix completion. In addition, we propose a strategy to determine the dimension of the embedding space. The resulting algorithms scale to high-dimensional problems and monotonically converge to a global solution of the problem. Finally, numerical experiments illustrate the good performance of the proposed algorithms on benchmarks. [less ▲]

LAECEA : un outil fédérateur d’aide à la décision pour le suivi de la santé mammaire dans les élevages bovins laitiers wallons

in 18èmes rencontres autour de la recherche sur les ruminants (2011, December)

La santé mammaire représente un des principaux problèmes pour l’élevage laitier. Dans le cadre de la plateforme fédératrice OSaM (Observatoire de la Santé Mammaire), le projet LAECEA (AWE–ULg) vise à la ... [more ▼]

La santé mammaire représente un des principaux problèmes pour l’élevage laitier. Dans le cadre de la plateforme fédératrice OSaM (Observatoire de la Santé Mammaire), le projet LAECEA (AWE–ULg) vise à la construction d’une base de données de la santé mammaire centralisant les informations collectées par les associations de la filière laitière wallonne ainsi que les données cliniques encodées par les éleveurs. De plus, ce projet souhaite mettre à disposition un Dossier de Santé Mammaire (DSM) mensuel permettant à l’éleveur d’évaluer l’impact économique des mammites et de cibler, avec son vétérinaire, la stratégie à mettre en place afin de le diminuer grâce à différents indicateurs ciblés. Dans le but de bénéficier des données du tank (Comité du Lait), des résultats d’analyse bactériologiques (ARSIA, Association Régionale de Santé et d’Identification Animale), et des données zootechniques (AWE), une base de données fédératrice a été mise en place. Afin d’enrichir celle-ci en données cliniques, un nouvel outil de saisie des pathologies en ligne a été créé et mis à la disposition des éleveurs dans leur espace Internet personnalisé my@wenet (www.awenet.be). Ils peuvent y saisir les informations relatives aux évènements de la santé mammaire (date, type d’évènement, quartier, sévérité…) et au(x) traitement(s) qui y est/sont associé(s). Sur les six premiers mois, près de 750 mammites ont été collectées. Les données récupérées dans les historiques en fermes portent ce chiffre à 2300. Les valorisations tirées de ces données sont rassemblées dans le DSM. Celui-ci est composé d’une page récapitulative dont certains aspects sont détaillés à travers différentes rubriques : évaluation économique (déjà disponible), microbisme et traitements, et management (en cours d’élaboration). Ce DSM permet notamment de quantifier la perte économique due à la santé mammaire, de quantifier le nombre de vaches à problèmes tant cliniques que subcliniques, de décrire la dynamique des infections mammaires au niveau du troupeau, d’identifier les groupes d’animaux les plus sensibles, d’identifier les principaux pathogènes impliqués, d’évaluer la qualité de la détection des mammites, de cibler les périodes de l’année et de la lactation les plus à risques. Une analyse statistique préliminaire sur les indicateurs générés dans les 201 premiers DSM confirment l’intérêt de la réussite du traitement au tarissement sur la santé mammaire de l’exploitation. De plus, cette investigation appuie la pertinence de l’approche économique partielle comme indicateur de santé mammaire global. [less ▲]

The Clinical characteristics of pituitary adenomas in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) with and without MEN1 mutation

in ENEA Munich - abstract book (2011, December)

A Brain-Machine Interface Operating with a Real-Time Spiking Neural Network Control Algorithm

in Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (NIPS) 24 (2011, December)

Motor prostheses aim to restore function to disabled patients. Despite compelling proof of concept systems, barriers to clinical translation remain. One challenge is to develop a low-power, fully ... [more ▼]

Motor prostheses aim to restore function to disabled patients. Despite compelling proof of concept systems, barriers to clinical translation remain. One challenge is to develop a low-power, fully-implantable system that dissipates only minimal power so as not to damage tissue. To this end, we implemented a Kalman-filter based decoder via a spiking neural network (SNN) and tested it in brain-machine interface (BMI) experiments with a rhesus monkey. The Kalman filter was trained to predict the arm’s velocity and mapped on to the SNN using the Neural Engineer- ing Framework (NEF). A 2,000-neuron embedded Matlab SNN implementation runs in real-time and its closed-loop performance is quite comparable to that of the standard Kalman filter. The success of this closed-loop decoder holds promise for hardware SNN implementations of statistical signal processing algorithms on neu- romorphic chips, which may offer power savings necessary to overcome a major obstacle to the successful clinical translation of neural motor prostheses. [less ▲]

La Visitation au fil du temps: regard critique sur un processus d'écriture d'une histoire (XVIIIe-XXIe s.)

in Henneau, Marie-Elisabeth; Vismara, Paola; Barbiche, Bernard (Eds.) et al Pour Annecy et pour le monde: l'ordre de la Visitation (1610-2010) (2011, December)

Améliorer la pratique enseignante: par quelles formations, quels accompagnements et quels soutiens institutionnels?

in Barbot, Marie-José; Massou, Luc (Eds.) TIC et métiers de l'enseignement supérieur: émergences, transformations. (2011, December)

L’article se place dans l’optique institutionnelle du soutien à l’amélioration de la pratique enseignante à l’université. Il envisage les services susceptibles de servir cette amélioration et illustre ... [more ▼]

L’article se place dans l’optique institutionnelle du soutien à l’amélioration de la pratique enseignante à l’université. Il envisage les services susceptibles de servir cette amélioration et illustre brièvement ces services par le cas le l’université de Liège (Belgique). Il aborde successivement la formation des enseignants, y compris la formation à caractère technologique, l’accompagnement individuel ou collectif et quelques services annexes. Il pose ensuite la question de la valorisation des enseignants avant d’ouvrir une discussion, notamment quant à l’intérêt de rendre obligatoires les formations pédagogiques. [less ▲]

Synthesis by the sol-gel process of visible light sensitive-TiO2 for the degradation of pollutants and microorganisms

in Récents Progrès en Génie des Procédés, Lavoisier Technique et Documentation, Volume 101, 6 p. (CD-ROM) (2011, November 29)

To stabilize the TiO2-dye interaction, free metal tetra(4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin and nickel tetra(4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin were introduced into the TiO2 matrix by cogelation rather than by grafting. DR ... [more ▼]

To stabilize the TiO2-dye interaction, free metal tetra(4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin and nickel tetra(4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin were introduced into the TiO2 matrix by cogelation rather than by grafting. DR and FT-IR spectroscopies were performed to establish the interaction between porphyrins and TiO2. Cristallinity and specific surface area were performed by XRD and nitrogen adsorption-desorption measurements. The photoactivity of doped-TiO2 xerogels was evaluated for p-nitrophenol and Escherichia coli degradation. Under visible light, the samples allowed the degradation of 40% of p-nitrophenol in 6 h and the elimination of 108 CFU/mL of E. coli in 48 h. [less ▲]

Travail excentrique et concentrés plaquettaires en pathologie tendineuse

in 13èmes Rencontres Medimex (2011, November 25)

Les tendinopathies apparaissent fréquentes au sein de la population active et sportive. Actuellement, la rééducation excentrique constitue une thérapeutique de choix dans leur traitement. Stanish en ... [more ▼]

Les tendinopathies apparaissent fréquentes au sein de la population active et sportive. Actuellement, la rééducation excentrique constitue une thérapeutique de choix dans leur traitement. Stanish en proposa dès les années 80 les principales règles. Bien que les résultats apparaissent favorables en clinique, les adaptations morphologiques et biochimiques des tissus n’ont pas encore été élucidées. Nous avons démontré que l’effort excentrique (réalisé par des rats en course en descente) participait au développement macroscopique du réseau de vaisseaux sanguins au niveau de l’épitendon et à une amélioration de la résistance à la traction longitudinale tendineuse. Ceci confirme donc que les propriétés mécaniques du tendon de rat sont améliorées après un entraînement excentrique. Le tendon, plus résistant, augmenterait sa quantité de fibres de collagène et probablement les interactions entre elles. La mécanotransduction serait le processus responsable du remaniement tissulaire lors de l’application de contraintes mécaniques. Cependant, en pratique clinique, une vingtaine de séances d’entraînement minimum semblent néanmoins nécessaires pour assurer l’efficacité du traitement. Depuis quelques années, en traumatologie sportive, les propriétés réparatrices des plaquettes sanguines sont mises à profit pour stimuler la cicatrisation tendineuse. Nous avons démontré, selon a modèle animal, que celles-ci permettaient d'accélérer le processus cicatriciel tendineux mais en amélioraient également la qualité. Cependant, ce processus ne peut se dérouler correctement que si le tendon est soumis à des contraintes mécaniques afin d'orienter les neo-fibres de collagène selon les lignes de forces. Nous sommes donc convaincus qu'en pratique clinique, une prise en charge rééducative excentrique sous-maximale est indispensable dans les suites d'une injection de concentré plaquettaire pour traiter une tendinopathie chronique. [less ▲]

Lésions d’épaule chez le joueur de volleyball : approche isocinétique

in Abstract book des XIIIèmes Rencontres isocinétiques MEDIMEX/ROTHSCHILD (2011, November 25)

Mrozenie nasienia u koni - stan obecny i perspektywy

in Gajewski, Zdsislaw; Malinowski, Edward; Wehrend, Axel (Eds.) Rozrod Koni: aktualne poglady (2011, November 19)

Aim of this paper is to review equine semen freezing procedures. Spermatozoa formation inside the testis, spermatozoa anatomy and physiology will be summarized, highlighting structures and/or functions ... [more ▼]

Aim of this paper is to review equine semen freezing procedures. Spermatozoa formation inside the testis, spermatozoa anatomy and physiology will be summarized, highlighting structures and/or functions injured during freezing/thawing process. Current quality standards will be defined for fresh and thawed semen with a special attention on total and progressive motilities and different definitions of these parameters in literature. New ways of semen analysis (as flow cytometry) will be discussed for their scientific and clinical implications. Freezing procedures will and new freezing procedures will be discussed. Future developments and progress in freezing methods will be exposed, as prediction of post-thaw semen quality on fresh semen basis, improvement of freezing extenders and prevention of reactive oxygen species effects. [less ▲]

Identificación de parásitos intestinales de primates en dos centros de rescate en la amazonía ecuatoriana

in Tirira, Diego (Ed.) Memorias XXXv Jornadas Nacional de Biología, Quito, 17-19 Noviembre 2011, I Congreso Ecuatoriano de Mastozoología (2011, November 17)

Los primates son reservorios de los patógenos humanos. Si identificamos las enfermedades parasitarias de los primates, puede ser favorable para su conservación. Examinamos las muestras fecales para ... [more ▼]

Los primates son reservorios de los patógenos humanos. Si identificamos las enfermedades parasitarias de los primates, puede ser favorable para su conservación. Examinamos las muestras fecales para identificar los parásitos intestinales que se encuentran en las especies de primates en dos centros de rescate en la amazonía ecuatoriana. Estas muestras se analizaron según varios factores como tamaño del grupo, el sexo y la edad. La prevalencia general de protozoarios y de helmintos que se encontraron en las muestras fue de 17.6 % y de 55.4 % respectivamente. Más de la mitad de los parásitos encontrados en este estudio (Necator/Ancylostoma (6.8%), Capillaria sp. (4%), Strongylus sp. (41.9%), Entamoeba histolytica (13.5%)) son una amenaza potencial de transmisión zoonótica. Estos resultados preliminares muestran una diversidad importante de parásitos zoonóticos en los primates en cautiverio y resultados posteriores podrían demostrar la importancia de estos en la salud pública y la conservación de primates. [less ▲]

Efficient Evaluation of the Geometrical Validity of Curvilinear Finite Elements

in Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Advanced COmputational Methods in ENgineering (ACOMEN 2011) (2011, November 14)

assessment of acid base imbalances in horses suffering from atypical myopathy

in proceedings AAEP 2011 (2011, November 11)

Novel insights into the management of atypical myopathy in grazing horses based on recent series of European outbreaks and advances in etiological investigations

in Proceedings of The 12th Congress of The World Equine Veterinary (2011, November 02)

The Spitzer search for the transits of HARPS low-mass planets

in Sozzetti, Alessandro; Lattanzi, Mario G.; Boss, Alan (Eds.) Proceedings of the IAU (2011, November 01)

Radial velocity, microlensing and transit surveys have revealed the existence of a large population of low-mass planets in our Galaxy, the so-called `Super-Earths' and `Neptunes'. The understanding of ... [more ▼]

Radial velocity, microlensing and transit surveys have revealed the existence of a large population of low-mass planets in our Galaxy, the so-called `Super-Earths' and `Neptunes'. The understanding of these objects would greatly benefit from the detection of a few of them transiting bright nearby stars, making possible their thorough characterization with high signal-to-noise follow-up measurements. Our HARPS Doppler survey has now detected dozens of low-mass planets in close orbit around bright nearby stars, and it is highly probable that a few of them do transit their host star. In this context, we have set up an ambitious Spitzer program devoted to the search for the transits of the short period low-mass planets detected by HARPS. We present here this program and some of its first results. [less ▲]

New Insights into the Quasar Type 1/Type 2 Dichotomy from Correlations between Quasar Host Orientation and Polarization

in Bastien, Pierre (Ed.) Astronomical Polarimetry 2008: Science from Small to Large Telescopes. ASPC 449 (2011, November 01)

We investigate correlations between the direction of the optical linear polarization and the orientation of the host galaxy/extended emission for type 1 and type 2 radio-loud and radio-quiet quasars. We ... [more ▼]

We investigate correlations between the direction of the optical linear polarization and the orientation of the host galaxy/extended emission for type 1 and type 2 radio-loud and radio-quiet quasars. We have used high resolution Hubble Space Telescope data and a deconvolution process to obtain a good determination of the host galaxy/extended emission (EE) position angle. With these new measurements and a compilation of data from the literature, we find a significant correlation, different for type 1 and type 2 objects, between the linear polarization position angle and the orientation of the EE, suggesting scattering by an extended UV/blue region in both types of objects. Our observations support the extension of the Unification Model to the higher luminosity AGNs like the quasars, assuming a two component scattering model. [less ▲]

Homogenization of fibre reinforced composite with gradient enhanced damage model

in Hogge, Michel; Van Keer, Roger; Dick, Erik (Eds.) et al Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Advanded COmputational Methods in Engineering (ACOMEN2011) (2011, November)

Classical finite element simulations face the problems of losing uniqueness and strain localization when the strain softening of materials is involved. Thus, when using continuum damage model or ... [more ▼]

Classical finite element simulations face the problems of losing uniqueness and strain localization when the strain softening of materials is involved. Thus, when using continuum damage model or plasticity softening model, numerical convergence will not be obtained with the refinement of the finite element discretization when strain localization occurs. Gradient-enhanced softening and non-local continua models have been proposed by several researchers in order to solve this problem. In such approaches, high-order spatial gradients of state variables are incorporated in the macroscopic constitutive equations. However, when dealing with complex heterogeneous materials, a direct simulation of the macroscopic structures is unreachable, motivating the development of non-local homogenization schemes. In this work, a non-local homogenization procedure is proposed for fiber reinforced materials. In this approach, the fiber is assumed to remain linear elastic while the matrix material is modeled as elasto-plastic coupled with a damage law described by a non-local constitutive model. Toward this end, the mean-field homogenization is based on the knowledge of the macroscopic deformation tensors, internal variables and their gradients, which are applied to a micro- structural representative volume element (RVE). Macro-stress is then obtained from a homogenization process. [less ▲]

Improving energy efficiency of existing suburban areas through district energy planning

in Proceedings of ISHVAC 2011 (2011, November)

Urban sprawl represents a significant contribution to the overall energy consumption of a territory for energy needs in buildings and for transport. It is a huge concern in Belgium where public ... [more ▼]

Urban sprawl represents a significant contribution to the overall energy consumption of a territory for energy needs in buildings and for transport. It is a huge concern in Belgium where public authorities face the following question: “what to do with existing low-density districts that require a lot of resources?” while households still continue to favour this kind of dwellings. In this context, the paper draws up a typological classification of reference Walloon suburban blocks. Then, energy savings relating to several types of renewal strategy are evaluated. These strategies deal with the measures to reduce heat demand in buildings, to increase the built density and to reduce energy consumption in the transport sector. Results from this analysis show that a strong potential exists to improve energy efficiency in existing suburban districts. Building insulation and travel distances are critically important factors. Solar gains on the roofs are huge even if the built density is increased. [less ▲]

Vérification expérimentale de modèles opto-thermo-élastiques simulés avec le logiciel OOFELIE Multiphysics

in 12ème colloque international francophone sur les Méthodes et Techniques Optiques pour l'Industrie (2011, November)

Norovirus outbreaks in hospitals: epidemiology, diagnostic, management and control

in Ducoffre, Geneviève (Ed.) Brochure du 27ème séminaire "Diagnostic et Surveillance des Maladies Infectieuses" (2011, November)

La nutrition néonatale précoce. Pourquoi et comment l'optimiser.

in Séminaire GENIF (2011, November)

A validation process for CFD use in building physics – study of contaminant dispersion.

in Proceedings of the 5th international conference on advanced computational methods in engineering (2011, November)

Growing interests in environmental concerns oblige building engineers to develop new approaches and to get used to new skills. Among them, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) holds more and more importance ... [more ▼]

Growing interests in environmental concerns oblige building engineers to develop new approaches and to get used to new skills. Among them, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) holds more and more importance. This technique can help to improve the comfort of the occupants but also to predict very early building energy performance. Moreover, it is possible to study the quality of the air. This last point will greatly help building engineers to improve sanitary conditions in various cases such as hospitals, clean rooms or even in classical buildings. However, this approach is still new and need to be validated. Indeed, CFD is still new in the frame of building physics. This paper aims to prove the ability of CFD to predict accurately contaminant dispersion and to demonstrate the breakthroughs that CFD can bring in the near future. [less ▲]

Imposing periodic boundary condition on arbitrary meshes by polynomial interpolation

in Hogge, Michel; Van Keer, Roger; Dick, Erik (Eds.) et al Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Advanded COmputational Methods in Engineering (ACOMEN2011) (2011, November)

In order to predict the effective properties of heterogeneous materials using the finite element approach, a boundary value problem (BVP) may be defined on a representative volume element (RVE) with ... [more ▼]

In order to predict the effective properties of heterogeneous materials using the finite element approach, a boundary value problem (BVP) may be defined on a representative volume element (RVE) with appropriate boundary conditions, among which periodic boundary condition is the most efficient in terms of convergence rate. The classical method to impose the periodic boundary condition requires identical meshes on opposite RVE boundaries. This condition is not always easy to satisfy for arbitrary meshes. This work develops a new method based on polynomial interpolation that avoids the need of the identical mesh condition on opposite RVE boundaries. [less ▲]

Vectorial Incremental Nonconservative Consistent Hysteresis model

in Hogge, Michel; Van Keer, Roger; Malengier, Benny (Eds.) et al Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Advanded COmputational Methods in Engineering (ACOMEN2011) (2011, November)

This paper proposes a macroscopic model for ferromagnetic hysteresis that is well-suited for finite element implementation. The model is readily vectorial and relies on a consistent thermodynamic ... [more ▼]

This paper proposes a macroscopic model for ferromagnetic hysteresis that is well-suited for finite element implementation. The model is readily vectorial and relies on a consistent thermodynamic formulation. In particular, the stored magnetic energy and the dissipated energy are known at all times, and not solely after the completion of closed hysteresis loops as is usually the case. The obtained incremental formulation is variationally consistent, i.e., all internal variables follow from the minimization of a thermodynamic potential. [less ▲]

Mesh influence on cardiovascular simulations

in Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Advanced COmputational Methods in ENgineering (ACOMEN 2011) (2011, November)

Modeling and experimental validation in partially wet conditions of an air-to-air heat recovery exchanger

in Proceedings of the 12th Conference of The International Building Performance Simulation Association (2011, November)

Nowadays, important efforts are deployed to reduce our current residential building consumption. The most common retrofit option concerns the air tightness and the thermal insulation improvement. However ... [more ▼]

Nowadays, important efforts are deployed to reduce our current residential building consumption. The most common retrofit option concerns the air tightness and the thermal insulation improvement. However, this latter retrofit option could decrease the air indoor quality because of a reduction of air infiltration flow rate. Installation of an air-to-air heat recovery system allows for an efficient combination between consumption reduction due to the air tightness improvement and acceptable air indoor quality. The study presented in this paper has been realized in the frame of the „Green +‟ project, which aims at developing decentralized heat recovery ventilation systems. The present paper focuses on modeling and experimental validation of an air-to-air heat recovery exchanger in partially wet conditions (i.e. where condensation might occur in one of the two air streams). The knowledge of the thermal performance in dry and wet regimes is essential since it highly impacts on the heat recovered from the vitiated air flow rate (extracted from the building) to the fresh air flow rate (coming from the outdoor). The first part of the paper briefly describes a solving procedure able to determine the regime (completely dry, completely wet and partially wet). A moving boundary model for the partially wet regime is applied in order to predict performance of such device. Secondly, the experimental apparatus (and its control) designed to characterize thermal performance in different operating conditions (dry and wet regime) is presented. [less ▲]

Recent research into thin-walled ferritic stainless steel profiles

in 6th International Symposium on Steel Structures: ISSS 2011, Seoul, 3-5 November 2011 (2011, November)

Although stainless steel offers a wide variety of interesting and valuable properties such as fire resistance and durability, it has not been commonly used in structural applications. This is changing ... [more ▼]

Although stainless steel offers a wide variety of interesting and valuable properties such as fire resistance and durability, it has not been commonly used in structural applications. This is changing however as recent years have seen an increase in the use of structural stainless steel, mainly owing to its aesthetic and architectural qualities. A number of similarities exist between stainless steel and typical carbon steel but there are sufficient differences to necessitate specific treatment in design standards for stainless steel, focused on structural applications. Austenitic stainless steels have been broadly studied in recent years but less information is available regarding the ferritic grades. This is despite the fact that ferritic grades have low nickel content resulting in a more cost-stable and economic material compared with austenitic stainless steel. Nevertheless, recent projects have highlighted some of the main features of ferritics. This paper summarizes the outcomes of several studies carried out at the University of Liège on cold-formed stainless steel profiles and also research currently underway at The Steel Construction Institute on ferritic stainless steels. Firstly, the material behavior of Grade 1.4003 is explained. A new method of evaluating the actual mechanical properties in the walls of cold-formed sections is proposed, which is not restricted to a single alloy or type of cross-section. The formulation is established and validated against experimental results. It is also compared to predictive models from various other authors. Secondly, experiments on cold-formed stainless steel lipped channel section columns are described. The profiles failed by combined distortional and overall flexural-torsional buckling. These tests were used to calibrate finite element models and, once verified against the test results, these models were used to generate additional results when necessary. Current design standards were then used to calculate the strength and the results were compared to the tests. On the basis of the conclusions drawn from these analyses, a new Direct Strength Method which takes account of this failure mode has been proposed. Finally, a state-of-the-art discussion is provided based upon the findings of the ongoing RFCS project “Structural Applications of Ferritic Stainless Steel”. In addition, future fire testing of stainless steel columns will be presented. [less ▲]

Food crisis & new POPs: challenges in analysis

in RAFA 2011 book of abstracts (2011, November)

WEEE management using LCA methodology : the fridge case study

in Conference Proccedings - Volume 1 : Academic Papers (2011, November)

Full discontinuous Galerkin formulation of shell in large deformations with fracture mechanic applications

in Hogge, Michel; Van Keer, Roger; Dick, Erik (Eds.) et al Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Advanded COmputational Methods in Engineering (ACOMEN2011) (2011, November)

Different methods have been developed to model tearing prediction, as e.g., the combination between the cohesive principle and the finite element method. Unfortunately, this method has some well known ... [more ▼]

Different methods have been developed to model tearing prediction, as e.g., the combination between the cohesive principle and the finite element method. Unfortunately, this method has some well known issues that can be fixed by recourse to discontinuous Galerkin formulation. Such a formulation allows to insert very easily an extrinsic cohesive element at onset of fracture without any mesh modification. This promising technique has been recently developed by the authors for linear shell. Although promising numerical results were obtained, it is difficult to compare the method with experiments due to the large plastic deformation present in material before the fracture apparition. Thus, the method is extent herein to elasto-plastic finite deformations. The simulations of some benchmarks prove the ability of this new framework to model accurately the continuum part of the deformation and the crack propagation. [less ▲]

First results of an enrichment method tested on recent skidding trails in Marantaceae forests (Republic of Congo)

in CIRAD Montpellier (Ed.) IUFRO International Conference, Research priorities in tropical silviculture : towards new paradigms ? : Abstracts (2011, November)

Intégration des informations phénotypiques et génétiques dans le diagnostic et le suivi du myélome

in Cytométrie 2011 (2011, October 28)

Preliminary insight into seed dispersal effectiveness of western lowland gorilla (Gorilla g. gorilla)

in de Crayencour, Frédéric (Ed.) Primate tidings (2011, October 26)

Application of the TANK Model to a Tropical Monsoon Catchment in the Tonle Sap Lake Region of Cambodia

in Proceeding of The 4th AUN/Seed-Net Regional Conference on Geo-Disaster Mitigation in ASEAN (2011, October 25)

This paper presents an application of TANK Model to a sub-catchment of the Tonle Sap Lake of Cambodia. The TANK Model was developed in Japan and was reported as being successfully applied to many river ... [more ▼]

This paper presents an application of TANK Model to a sub-catchment of the Tonle Sap Lake of Cambodia. The TANK Model was developed in Japan and was reported as being successfully applied to many river basins in Africa, Asia, Europe and the United States. The objective of this study is to investigate the performance of the TANK Model in tropical monsoon climate condition. The studied area is a sub-catchment of the Tonle Sap Lake. Two automatic hydrological stations and four automatic telemetry meteorological stations were installed in the sub-catchment. Rating curves at the two hydrological stations was established. The performances of the rating curves and the TANK model were assessed by four standard statistical evaluations. The model was calibrated by discharge derived from the rating curves. The runoff pattern from the TANK Model correlated closely with rainfall pattern. The model could estimate runoff for the wet season, except for some peak flows generated from delayed runoffs. However, the model tended to overestimate dry season flow and react faster to rainfall events in the dry season. [less ▲]

Life-cycle carbon footprint of a residential steel framed building in different climates

in World Sustainable Building Conference: SB11, Helsinki 18-21 October 2011 (2011, October 19)

Faire vivre un projet au quotidien

in XIXe universités d'automne de la FNJE (2011, October 14)

Territorial planning system and urban development - From a deterministic to a strategic model

in Norte Pinto, Nune; Tenedorio, Jose Antonio; Santos, Mark (Eds.) et al Proceedings of the 7th International conference on Virtual Cities and Territories (2011, October 13)

Performance assessment of a small-scale adsorption chiller integrated to an already existing solar heating system

in Proceedings of 4th International Conference Solar Air-Conditioning (2011, October 12)

In the context of the solar air-conditioning systems analysis, it is crucial to assess system performance by experimentations in real-time conditions. In this way, it is possible to calculate the energy ... [more ▼]

In the context of the solar air-conditioning systems analysis, it is crucial to assess system performance by experimentations in real-time conditions. In this way, it is possible to calculate the energy savings to minimize environmental impact and CO2 production induced by the operation of such a system in buildings operation. It is proposed to measure the thermal behaviour and the energy performance of a smallscale solar air-conditioning system used to cool a laboratory building in the South of Belgium. The experimental system is recently installed and fully instrumented for both thermal and electrical COP computation. Results of two months operation and data analysis are presented in this work. [less ▲]