Development of a biomechanical model of deer antler cancellous bone based on X-ray microtomographic images

in Micro-CT User Meeting 2012 - Abstract Book (2012, April)

Finite element models accurately compute the mechanical response of bone and bone-like materials when the models include their detailed microstructure. The aim of this paper is to develop and validate a ... [more ▼]

Finite element models accurately compute the mechanical response of bone and bone-like materials when the models include their detailed microstructure. The aim of this paper is to develop and validate a biomechanical model for deer antler cancellous bone tissue based on X-ray microtomographic images. In order to simulate the mechanical behavior under compressive load using a finite element model, images obtained by X-ray microtomography were exported into Metafor, which is an non-linear finite element software initially developed at University of Liège for metal forming processes. This software has recently found biomedical applications. The ultimate goal is to compare model predictions with the mechanical behavior observed experimentally using the Skyscan material testing stage under compression mode. The creation of the biomechanical model mesh from segmented μCT images, its integration into the software Metafor and the simulation of a compression test are described in this paper. [less ▲]

Searching for a theoretical relation between reverberation and the scattering coefficients of surface in a room

in Proceedings of the Acoustics 2012 Nantes conference (2012, April)

Ray-tracing modelling of the diffraction by half-planes and slits based on the energy flow lines concept

in Proceedings of the Acoustics 2012 Nantes conference (2012, April)

A fully nonlinear finite element model for orthodontic tooth movement prediction

in Proceedings of the 10th International Symposium on Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering. (2012, April)

Toward a Risk Based Simulation for the Erection of an Offshore Windmill Park

in Proceeding of the 11th International Conference on Computer Applications and Information Technology in the Maritime Industries (2012, April)

Nowadays, EU shipyards that are facing difficulties due to the global crisis are often trying to diversify their activities. Some of them have already turned to the production of offshore windmill ... [more ▼]

Nowadays, EU shipyards that are facing difficulties due to the global crisis are often trying to diversify their activities. Some of them have already turned to the production of offshore windmill components. The installation and operation of offshore windmills are much more complex than onshore due to the distance and the depth of the water column. This creates problems specific to the production, installation and maintenance of offshore wind turbines. A tool for sequencing and installation simulation has been developed to assess the risks associated to the assembly of wind turbines parks via simulations of the different phases of construction considering various random phenomena such as weather conditions and uncertainties on production time. [less ▲]

New design antenna Gsm900/1800/Umts for sensor networks on High voltage line

in Congrès méditerranéen des Télécommunications: CMT, Fès 22-24 Mars 2012 (2012, March 24)

Mise au point d'un Système d'Information Géographique (SIG), à l'échelle de la parcelle, pour l'évaluation du risque de pollution des eaux de surface et souterraines par l'usage des pesticides.

in Conférence sur les Techniques d’Application de Produits de Protection des Plantes. 15 et 16 mars 2012, Lyon, France (2012, March 15)

L’étude aborde la mise au point d’un outil SIG décisionnel, basé sur une approche « expert » par logique floue, pour l’évaluation du risque de pollution des eaux de surface et souterraines par les ... [more ▼]

L’étude aborde la mise au point d’un outil SIG décisionnel, basé sur une approche « expert » par logique floue, pour l’évaluation du risque de pollution des eaux de surface et souterraines par les pesticides. Une enquête de terrain combinée aux propriétés physico-chimiques des pesticides, a permis d’identifier la pression polluante agricole liée aux propriétés des pesticides et aux activités anthropiques. La sensibilité des sols au transfert des pesticides vers les eaux de surface et souterraines a été évaluée sur base, d’une part d’une approche par modélisation mécaniste, et d’autre part à partir de l’exploitation de l’information qualitative de la carte des sols, jugée pertinente et non explicitement valorisée par le modèle mécaniste. L’évaluation du risque global a ensuite été réalisée à partir de la construction d’un système expert basée sur la logique floue, qui intègre les évaluations spécifiques aux propriétés des pesticides, aux pratiques culturales et à la sensibilité des sols au transfert des pesticides vers les eaux, en tant que milieu transit-vecteur. L’approche par « logique floue » est un outil robuste qui permet notamment d’agréger de façon uniforme des informations de sources variées, mais aussi d’intégrer l’incertitude (imprécision) associée à certaines données, telles que celles liées aux caractéristiques physico-chimiques des pesticides ou des sols. [less ▲]

Consommation locale de produits animaux : que produire localement avec nos propres ressources végétales ?

in 17ème Carrefour des productions animales (2012, March 07)

L'influence de la gouvernance familiale sur la transmission de la PME familiale au Sénégal : une modélisation contingente

in COMREFAS - Consortium pour le Management de la Recherche Fondamentale en Afrique au Sud du Sahara (Ed.) Actes du 1er Congrès International en Sciences de Gestion du COMREFAS (2012, March)

In Senegal, family businesses are present in all industries and represent a significant force. Most of family entrepreneurs are between 40 and 50 years old, which show that they will soon face the ... [more ▼]

In Senegal, family businesses are present in all industries and represent a significant force. Most of family entrepreneurs are between 40 and 50 years old, which show that they will soon face the challenge of transmission. To face this challenge and thus to ensure their continuity, it is necessary to ensure the cohesion of family ties, particularly through the family governance. So, our contribution aims, in a contingent perspective and based on a large survey of the existing literature, to a better appraisal of family businesses in Senegal through a better understanding of their family governance practices first, and by understanding the role of family governance on their global performance in order to identify key success factors for a successful family transmission process in the context of Senegal. [less ▲]

Ti alloys processed by selective laser melting and by laser cladding: microstructures and mechanical properties

in proceedings of 12th EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON SPACECRAFT STRUCTURES, MATERIALS & ENVIRONMENTAL TESTING, Noordwijk 20-23 mars 2012 (2012, March)

Selective laser melting (SLM) and laser cladding were developed in the late 1990s as economic layer-by-layer near-net-shape processes allowing for the production – and also, in the case of laser cladding ... [more ▼]

Selective laser melting (SLM) and laser cladding were developed in the late 1990s as economic layer-by-layer near-net-shape processes allowing for the production – and also, in the case of laser cladding, the restoration - of complex parts. Both techniques involve the melting of a metallic powder with a laser. In the case of SLM, the metallic powder is deposited layer by layer and then molten locally according to the desired shape, whereas in laser cladding the metallic powder is projected onto a substrate through a tube coaxial with the laser. In both processes, the metallic melt pools then cool down and solidify very rapidly, thus producing strongly out of equilibrium microstructures that might exhibit high internal stresses. In the present work, efforts have been made to enhance the flexibility of the laser cladding process: a second laser with a maximum power of 300W was installed beside the original laser (with a higher maximum power of 2000W), thus allowing for the processing of parts with thinner walls and/or coatings. Moreover, flexibility was also improved in relation with the geometry of the parts by use of a 5-axes displacement control. Samples of alloy Ti-6Al-4V, that is widely used in the aeronautic industry due to its high specific strength, have been processed both by SLM and by laser cladding. The resulting microstructures have been characterised in details by optical microscopy, SEM and EBSD so as to allow for a better understanding of the solidification process and of the subsequent phase transformations taking place upon cooling for both techniques. The influence of processing parameters such as the orientation of the deposition of the successive powder layers on the mechanical properties was also investigated by means of uniaxial tensile testing performed on samples with different deposition orientations in regard to the direction of mechanical solicitation. Moreover, some of the samples for mechanical testing had undergone an annealing treatment at 640°C for 4 hours to relieve internal stresses, in order to assess more precisely the effect of those stresses on the tensile properties. [less ▲]

Prematurity and Bone Health

in 1st International Conference on Nutrition and Growth (2012, March)

Analyse des mécanismes de transfert de fluides lors d'essais de séchage convectif sur un limon

in Skoczykas, Frédéric; Davy, Catherine; Agostini, Franck (Eds.) et al Actes du colloque Transfert 2012 - Propriétés de transfert des géomatériaux (2012, March)

Des essais de séchage convectif ont été réalisés sur des échantillons de limon en vue de quantifier la cinétique de perte de masse. Ces essais ont été analysés sous l’hypothèse de l’existence d’une couche ... [more ▼]

Des essais de séchage convectif ont été réalisés sur des échantillons de limon en vue de quantifier la cinétique de perte de masse. Ces essais ont été analysés sous l’hypothèse de l’existence d’une couche limite en paroi de l’échantillon, dans laquelle des transferts de masse et de chaleur ont lieu. L’article met en avant l’intérêt de modélisations thermo-hydrauliques pour comprendre les transferts de fluides au sein de l’échantillon. Une analyse précise des résultats numériques permet de déterminer si les transferts internes sont constitués principalement d’advection d’eau liquide jusqu’à la paroi suivi par de l’évaporation, ou plutôt de l’avancée d’un front d’évaporation au sein de l’échantillon suivi par de la diffusion de la vapeur jusqu’à la paroi. [less ▲]

Numerical and physical hydraulic modelling of Piano Key Weirs

in Proceedings of the 4th Int. Conf. on Water Resources and Renewable Energy Development in Asia (2012, March)

During the last few years, several piano key weirs (PKWs) have been built in France by Electricité de France (EDF). Thanks to the reduced footprint and high release capacities of this new type of weir ... [more ▼]

During the last few years, several piano key weirs (PKWs) have been built in France by Electricité de France (EDF). Thanks to the reduced footprint and high release capacities of this new type of weir, making it particularly suited for concrete dams rehabilitation, lots of other projects in varied countries are under construction or study. The prototype use of PKW requires knowledge about its structural behaviour, hydraulic capacities as well as integration into dams’ environment. This paper aims at presenting numerical and physical modelling works performed at the University of Liege to address the last two points. In particular, large scale physical modelling and parametric scale models enabled to understand the hydraulic behaviour of the structure and to highlight its main geometric parameters as well as their best variation interval depending on various criteria related to the weir design (discharge efficiency, cost…). A 1D numerical model has also been developed based on these experimental investigations. It enables to predict in a few minutes, with 10% accuracy, the discharge capacity of a given PKW geometry on its usual operation head range. This model, available as a freeware on http://www.pk-weirs.ulg.ac.be, constitutes a key tool for the first design of such weirs. Finally, the scale model studies of major projects such as Raviège dam (France) for EDF and Ouldjet Mellegue Project (Algeria) for Coyne et Bellier – Tractebel Engineering enable to confront theoretical predictions with experimental results and to address the problem of PKW integration on dam crests. [less ▲]

A Hybrid IP Lookup Architecture with Fast Updates

in Annual International Conference on Computer Communications (2012, March)

As network link rates are being pushed beyond 40 Gbps, IP lookup in high-speed routers is moving to hardware. The TCAM (Ternary Content Addressable Memory)-based IP lookup engine and the SRAM (Static ... [more ▼]

As network link rates are being pushed beyond 40 Gbps, IP lookup in high-speed routers is moving to hardware. The TCAM (Ternary Content Addressable Memory)-based IP lookup engine and the SRAM (Static Random Access Memory)- based IP lookup pipeline are the two most common ways to achieve high throughput. However, route updates in both engines degrade lookup performance and may lead to packet drops. Moreover, there is a growing interest in virtual IP routers where more frequent updates happen. Finding solutions that achieve both fast lookup and low update overhead becomes critical. In this paper, we propose a hybrid IP lookup architecture to address this challenge. The architecture is based on an efficient trie partitioning scheme that divides the Forwarding Information Base (FIB) into two prefix sets: a large disjoint leaf prefix set mapped into an external TCAM-based lookup engine and a small overlapping prefix set mapped into an on-chip SRAM-based lookup pipeline. Critical optimizations are developed on both IP lookup engines to reduce the update overhead. We show how to extend the proposed hybrid architecture to support virtual routers. Our implementation shows a throughput of 250 million lookups per second (MLPS). The update overhead is significantly lower than that of previous work and the utilization ratio of most external TCAMs is up to 100%. [less ▲]

Au-delà des mauvaises pratiques autour du développement touristique local; Quelques réflexions sur le cadre théorique de "community based tourism"

in Azzi, Hrou (Ed.) Tourisme rural et développement des territoires. La région de l'Oriental marocain, une destination touristique (2012, March)

5. Les régulateurs de croissance

in Livre Blanc - Céréales - Gembloux (2012, February 29)

6. Lutte intégrée contre les maladies - 2.4 L'arrivée tardive des maladies a pénalisé plus fortement les semis tardifs

in Livre Blanc - Céréales - Gembloux (2012, February 29)

Psychologie et antipsychologisme chez Husserl – l’année 1894

in Gyemant, Maria (Ed.) Psychologie et psychologisme (2012, February 14)

Bone markers in pregnant Haflinger mares _ A trimestral evaluation

in Procedings of the Hippos-Congress 2012 (2012, February 11)

Introduction Pregnancy is associated with various physiological changes that essentially affect musculoskeletal conditions in the mare. However, the influence of pregnancy on equine bone metabolism has ... [more ▼]

Introduction Pregnancy is associated with various physiological changes that essentially affect musculoskeletal conditions in the mare. However, the influence of pregnancy on equine bone metabolism has not been studied to great detail. Aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of pregnancy on bone turnover markers in clinically normal lactating mares. Materials and Methods Venous blood samples were collected three-times from 17 multiparous lactating Haflinger mares, aged four to 18 years, during the first (T1), second (T2) and third (T3) trimester of pregnancy. Blood creatinine and gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) values were evaluated. Serum concentrations of osteocalcin and carboxy-terminal cross-linking telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX-I) were determined using an equine specific osteocalcin radioimmunoassay and an automated CTX-I electrochemiluminescent sandwich antibody assay. Results All mares had normal creatinine and GGT values. Serum CTX-I values significantly increased during the last trimester of pregnancy. Serum osteocalcin concentrations were lowest at T2 and increased thereafter at T3. Conclusions Changes in bone turnover seem to depend on the stage of pregnancy in multiparous mares. Highest values of serum CTX-I and osteocalcin were obtained in the last trimester of pregnancy. [less ▲]

Soil Respiration in forest Ecosystems: Combination of a multilayer Approach and an Isotopic Signal Analysis

in Communications in Agricultural and Applied Biological Sciences (2012, February 10)

Influence de l'apport de différentes sources lipidiques en fin de gestation sur les résultats techniques des truies allaitantes et de leurs porcelets

in IFIP; INRA (Eds.) 44èmes journées de la Recherche Porcine (2012, February 08)

From day 103 in gestation until farrowing, 4 successive groups of 15 sows received 70 g per day of one of the 3 following oils: 1) coconut oil (CO); 2) fish oil (FO) and 3) shark liver oil (SO). At day ... [more ▼]

From day 103 in gestation until farrowing, 4 successive groups of 15 sows received 70 g per day of one of the 3 following oils: 1) coconut oil (CO); 2) fish oil (FO) and 3) shark liver oil (SO). At day 102 of gestation, at farrowing and at weaning, backfat thickness of the sows was determined. The total number of piglets, the number of piglets born alive, stillborn and dead during the suckling period and the duration of gestation were measured. At birth as well as 24 hours, 14 days and 28 days (weaning) later, the piglets were weighed individually. Colostrum samples were collected at farrowing and 24 hours later for the determination of IgG and IgA contents and the fatty acid profile. Neither performance parameters of the sows nor IgG and IgA concentrations in colostrum were affected by the different dietary treatments. This was probably due to the short duration of trial period in which the oil supplements were administered. However, the colostral fatty acid profiles reflected very well the profiles of the supplemented oils. Furthermore, the different treatments affected the growth performances of the piglets. At weaning, the piglets from the FO treatment were respectively 263 and 329 g heavier than the piglets from the SO and CO treatments (P < 0.05). This corresponded to 4.2 % and 5.8 % increase of the ADG in comparison to the SO and CO treatments, respectively. These results show the importance of the fatty acid composition in colostrum on the performances of piglets and consequently the importance of the feeding of sows at the end of gestation. [less ▲]

1. Implantation des cultures

in Livre Blanc - Céréales - Gembloux (2012, February 06)

First results for the solar neighborhood of the Asiago Red Clump Survey

in European Physical Journal Web of Conferences (2012, February 01)

The Asiago Red Clump Spectroscopic Survey (ARCS) is an ongoing survey that provides atmospheric parameters, distances and space velocities of a well selected sample of Red Clump stars distributed along ... [more ▼]

The Asiago Red Clump Spectroscopic Survey (ARCS) is an ongoing survey that provides atmospheric parameters, distances and space velocities of a well selected sample of Red Clump stars distributed along the celestial equator. We used the ARCS catalog for a preliminary investigation of the Galactic disk in the Solar Neighborhood, in particular we focused on detection and characterization of moving groups. [less ▲]

What have the last outbreaks of atypical myopathy in Europe told us: new treatment plans

in Verwilghen, Denis; Van Galen, Gaby; Busoni, Valeria (Eds.) Belgian International Congress: Hippos 2012 (2012, February)

Management and treatment of atypical myopathy cases

The Taoussa project (Mali): an example of effective composite modeling

in 4th IAHR International Symposium on Hydraulic Structures (2012, February)

Physical modeling and numerical modeling are two efficient analysis approaches in hydraulic engineering. The interactive application of both methods is obviously the more effective response to most flow ... [more ▼]

Physical modeling and numerical modeling are two efficient analysis approaches in hydraulic engineering. The interactive application of both methods is obviously the more effective response to most flow problems analyses. This paper presents the results of a successful application of such a composite numerical – physical study carried out by the Research Group Hydraulics in Environmental and Civil Engineering (former HACH) of the University of Liège on behalf of Coyne et Bellier (Tractebel Engineering). It concerned, at the stage of detailed draft, the hydraulic study of the Taoussa Project on the Niger River in Mali. The studies, performed in less than 6 months, focused on the flow characteristics at the scale of the reservoir and the river, using the numerical approach, as well as on hydrodynamic details in the spillway using a large scale factor physical model with boundary conditions defined on the basis of numerical modeling. [less ▲]

Forensic study of volatile organic compounds released from decaying bodies

in Hyphenated Techniques in Chromatography-12 Book of abstracts (2012, February)

GC×GC TOFMS analysis of tobacco mainstream smoke

in HTC-12 Book of abstracts (2012, February)

Le Parlement Jeunesse de la Communauté française, une initiative citoyenne ?

in Fournier, Bernard; Hudon, Raymond (Eds.) Engagements politiques et citoyens de jeunes. Bilans et expériences au Canada et en Europe (2012, February)

Créée en 1997 dans l'esprit du modèle québécois, l'ASBL Parlement Jeunesse de la Communauté française organise annuellement une simulation parlementaire à destination de jeunes francophones résidants en ... [more ▼]

Créée en 1997 dans l'esprit du modèle québécois, l'ASBL Parlement Jeunesse de la Communauté française organise annuellement une simulation parlementaire à destination de jeunes francophones résidants en Belgique, âgés de 17 à 26 ans. Cette initiative citoyenne permet ainsi à une centaine de jeunes, idéalement issus de tous milieux et de tous horizons, de découvrir les rouages internes de la démocratie, conformément aux mécanismes et procédures propres au système parlementaire belge. Là où nombre d'études scientifiques sur l'engagement politique des jeunes s'accordent sur la prévalence d'un désintérêt manifeste et – plus largement – sur une tendance générale au déclin de l'engagement politique chez les jeunes, l'action citoyenne mise en œuvre par le Parlement Jeunesse témoigne en réalité de l'existence de formes moins classiques – dans le cas présent, associative – de socialisation des jeunes à la « chose politique ». L’objectif général poursuivi dans cette contribution est d'identifier la nature et les fondements de l'engagement politique déployé à travers cette jeune initiative, ainsi que d’en mesurer la portée et les limites. Dès lors, en quoi le Parlement Jeunesse participe-t-il de l’engagement politique des jeunes ? Ne contribue-t-il qu’au renforcement d’un intérêt politique latent et préexistant ? A contrario, participe-t-il de la construction d’un engagement politique au départ d’un processus d’apprentissage pratique des rouages de la démocratie parlementaire ? En d’autres termes, quelles sont les forces et les faiblesses de cette initiative citoyenne en terme de socialisation politique de la jeunesse ? [less ▲]

What have the last outbreaks of atypical myopathy in Europe told us: new epidemiological evidence.

in Verwilghen, Denis; Van Galen, Gaby; Busoni, Valeria (Eds.) Belgian International Congress: Hippos 2012 (2012, February)

Atypical myopathy outbreaks are of an acute and unexpected nature and the information given in this review aims at helping equine practitioners in the recognition and handling of a suspected case in the ... [more ▼]

Atypical myopathy outbreaks are of an acute and unexpected nature and the information given in this review aims at helping equine practitioners in the recognition and handling of a suspected case in the event of AM outbreaks. So, this review (1) describes the diagnostic tools for AM, (2) reports prognostic criteria, and (3) lists preventive measures based on recent epidemiological surveys. [less ▲]

Lait et métabolisme phosphocalcique

in CIAB ALLER-J Club d'Immuno-Allergologie Biologique (2012, January 15)

Release and Innate detection of host cell DNA mediates the adjuvant effects of aluminum salts on adaptive responses

in Proceedings of the 1St Winter School Immunology (2012, January)

Comparison of spray retention on synthetic superhydrophobic surface with retention on outdoor grown wheat leaves

in International Advances in Pesticide Application: Aspects of Applied Biology 114, 2012 (2012, January)

A method has been designed to test the retention of drops generated by a moving agricultural nozzle using high speed imaging both on synthetic and leaf surfaces. The method allows a precise investigation ... [more ▼]

A method has been designed to test the retention of drops generated by a moving agricultural nozzle using high speed imaging both on synthetic and leaf surfaces. The method allows a precise investigation of spray retention by a characterisation of impact speed, drop diameter and impact behaviour. The paper presents a comparison of the spray behaviour on the synthetic surface with the behaviour on outdoor grown wheat leaves fixed on a microscope slide. Target surfaces were horizontal. A range of surface tension was tested using the tank-mix adjuvant Break-Thru S240 at different concentrations in distilled water. Results show the relevance of a synthetic surface for use as reference for the assessment of spray application efficiency. The drop behaviour on the superhydrophobic slide was representative of difficult-to-wet leaves surfaces. The reference surface avoids the natural variability of leaves and is therefore more suited to conduct comparative assessment of formulation retention performance. [less ▲]

Combining Territorial Data With Thermal Simulations to Improve Energy Management of Suburban Areas

in Proceedings of GEOProcessing 2012 (2012, January)

Urban sprawl has been identified as a major issue for sustainable development. Energy consumption in suburban buildings, in particular, is a widespread issue because detached types of houses require ... [more ▼]

Urban sprawl has been identified as a major issue for sustainable development. Energy consumption in suburban buildings, in particular, is a widespread issue because detached types of houses require significantly more energy to be heated than more compact urban forms. Energy efficiency is often presented as a viable approach to the mitigation of climate change, but research and studies mainly contend with individual buildings and do not address this issue at larger territorial scales or for a whole building stock. In this respect, this paper first presents a morphological definition of urban sprawl. This definition uses territorial and cadastral data available for the Walloon region of Belgium. Using this definition, a suburban type classification adapted to thermal studies is drawn up. A representative block of each type is selected to model energy use and to determine the total energy consumption of the whole suburban building stock. An application is then presented concerning a comparison of potential energy savings associated with several renovation strategies. The results of this exercise are presented and highlight the benefits of combining Geographic Information Systems (GIS) tools, territorial data and thermal simulations for the efficient energy management of suburban areas at the scale of the whole building stock. [less ▲]

Application of the restoring force surface method to a real-life spacecraft structure

in Proceedings of the International Modal Analysis Conference (IMAC) XXX (2012, January)

Many nonlinear system identification methods have been introduced in the technical literature during the last thirty years. However, few of these methods were applied to real-life structures. In this ... [more ▼]

Many nonlinear system identification methods have been introduced in the technical literature during the last thirty years. However, few of these methods were applied to real-life structures. In this context, the objective of the present paper is to demonstrate that the Restoring Force Surface (RFS) method can provide a reliable identification of a nonlinear spacecraft structure. The nonlinear component comprises an inertia wheel mounted on a support, the motion of which is constrained by eight elastomer plots and mechanical stops. Several adaptations to the RFS method are proposed, which include the elimination of kinematic constraints and the regularization of ill-conditioned inverse problems. The proposed methodology is demonstrated using numerical data. [less ▲]

Mixed Lubrication Regime in Cold Strip Rolling

in 2nd Annual ArcelorMittal CFD and Thermomechanics Days 2012 (2012, January)

Lorsqu'une filière s'identifie à son territoire: que nous apprend l'expérience du "Boeuf des prairies gaumaises"

in Thewis, André (Ed.) Actes des <XVII Carrefours des productions animales (2012)

We propose in this paper to make an evaluation of the emergeant of a small food chain "boeuf des prairies gaumaises (os from gaumaise grassland) that has started in 2003 and the first sold os in 2007. As ... [more ▼]

We propose in this paper to make an evaluation of the emergeant of a small food chain "boeuf des prairies gaumaises (os from gaumaise grassland) that has started in 2003 and the first sold os in 2007. As interdisciplinary research team (stockfarming system and environmental sociology) we have sustained the emergence of this experience during an intervention resarch. [less ▲]

Transboundary assessment of the effect of climate change on river Meuse: flood wave selection for hydraulic modelling from Ampsin (B) to Maaseik (NL)

in Water - infinitely deformable but still limited (2012)

This paper addresses high resolution inundation modelling in a transboundary context. In particular, flood wave propagation and inundation characteristics are simulated over a stretch of almost 100 km of ... [more ▼]

This paper addresses high resolution inundation modelling in a transboundary context. In particular, flood wave propagation and inundation characteristics are simulated over a stretch of almost 100 km of river Meuse across the Belgian-Dutch border, using 2D fully dynamic modelling. This transboundary hydraulic simulation requires inflow hydrographs to be prescribed as upstream boundary conditions. However, existing procedures for generating flood wave hydrographs differ between the concerned regions. Therefore, we review the main characteristics of the existing regional procedures and compare the resulting synthetic hydrographs. Besides, transnational hydrological scenarios have been developed to investigate the impact of climate change on flood risk along river Meuse in both countries. [less ▲]

Experimental investigation of droplet biosensing by multi-wavelength plasmonic

in Proceedings of SPIE Vol. 8234 : Plasmonics in Biology and Medicine IX (2012)

Les insertions lyriques dans le théâtre médiéval

in Grossel, Marie-Geneviève (Ed.) La chanson de trouvère — formes, registres, genres — (2012)

Pour mettre en évidence certains passages des mystères et structurer leur texte, les fatistes ont eu recours à des variations métriques. Il s’agit souvent de rompre la succession des octosyllabes à rimes ... [more ▼]

Pour mettre en évidence certains passages des mystères et structurer leur texte, les fatistes ont eu recours à des variations métriques. Il s’agit souvent de rompre la succession des octosyllabes à rimes plates par une diversification de l’agencement des rimes ou par l’utilisation d’autres types de vers. Mais les fatistes n’hésitent pas à couler les dialogues dans des structures beaucoup plus élaborées qui empruntent à des formes consacrées en poésie, comme celles du rondeau, ou plus sporadiquement, de la ballade. Il s’agira d’examiner comment ces morceaux lyriques s’insèrent dans le cours du drame, en s’interrogeant sur les lieux privilégiés où ils apparaissent, sur la manière dont les vers qui les composent se distribuent, et sur leur articulation éventuelle avec le paratexte didascalique (la rubrique permet-elle le repérage du morceau par une mention précise ? contient-elle des indications quant à une exécution musicale ? y a-t-il des verbes introducteurs spécifiques liés à ces énoncés ? ces passages entraînent-ils une mise en scène particulière ? etc). L'étude s'intéresse ainsi à la manière dont la lyrique est mise au service des effets dramatiques. Les exemples sont empruntés à des drames liturgiques bilingues, et des mystères en langue d’oïl et d'oc. [less ▲]

Effets des fibres et du type de sol sur les émissions de gaz à effet de serre et d'ammoniac associées à l’élevage de truies

in 44èmes Journées de la Recherche Porcine (2012)

A study was carried out to investigate the effect of dietary fibre content (23% of non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) with a standard diet based on cereals vs. 44% of NSP with a fibrous diet based on sugar ... [more ▼]

A study was carried out to investigate the effect of dietary fibre content (23% of non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) with a standard diet based on cereals vs. 44% of NSP with a fibrous diet based on sugar beet pulp) and the floor type (slatted floor vs. straw-based deep litter) on emissions of ammonia (NH3), nitrous oxide (N2O), methane (CH4) and CO2-equivalents (Eq-CO2). Six successive batches of 10 gestating sows were divided into 2 groups kept in 2 experimental rooms differing by the floor type. The standard diet was administered to the sows of the first 3 batches, the fibrous diet to the sows of the next 3 batches. Emissions were measured by infra-red photoacoustic detection. With the slatted floor, the fibrous diet decreased NH3 emission (12.0 vs. 15.5 g sow-1.d-1) but increased the Eq-CO2 emissions (0.69 vs. 0.57 kg sow-1.d-1) in relation to an increase of CH4 emissions (18.4 vs. 12.8 g sow-1.d-1), the N2O emissions not being impacted by the diet, with value around 0.62 g sow-1.d-1. With the straw-bedded floor, the fibrous diet increased the emissions of NH3 (12.3 vs. 9.2 g sow-1.d-1) and CH4 (14.6 vs. 9.6 g sow-1.d-1) but decreased N2O emissions (0.99 vs. 1.64 g/ sow-1.d-1) with the consequence that Eq-CO2 emissions were similar for the two diets, around 0.74 kg sow-1.d-1. [less ▲]

Evolution du marché mondial du blé au cours des cinquante dernières années

in Destain, J.-P.; Bodson, B. (Eds.) Livre blanc "Céréales-Gembloux", édition février 2012 (2012)

Née concrètement en 1962, la Politique Agricole Commune (PAC) célèbre ses cinquante ans d'existence en 2012. Mais la PAC se trouve aussi à la veille d'un nouveau tournant à partir de 2014, avec une Union ... [more ▼]

Née concrètement en 1962, la Politique Agricole Commune (PAC) célèbre ses cinquante ans d'existence en 2012. Mais la PAC se trouve aussi à la veille d'un nouveau tournant à partir de 2014, avec une Union européenne passée de six à vingt-huit membres. Dans le même temps, notre planète a enregistré, depuis les années 60, une véritable explosion démographique et un développement économique sans précédent. De plus, la population mondiale, qui vient de franchir le cap des sept milliards, devrait dépasser les neuf milliards d'individus en 2050. De nombreuses questions se posent alors face aux incertitudes de l'avenir : l'agriculture pourra-t-elle subvenir aux besoins alimentaires d'une population toujours croissante ? Quels seront les modèles d'agriculture les mieux adaptés ? Est-il judicieux de poursuivre, voir de développer la production d'agro-carburant à partir de céréales ? ... Les nouveaux défis lancés à l'agriculture peuvent paraître insurmontables. Mais, de fait, que s'est-il produit dans le passé récent ? Comment ont évolué les "performances" du secteur agricole ? L'agriculture a-t-elle déjà fait face à des défis majeurs ? Pour répondre, au moins partiellement, à ces questions, il est apparu intéressant de prendre un peu de recul et d'analyser l'évolution au cours des dernières années de la production et des échanges mondiaux d'un produit agricole qui reste stratégique : le blé. Les lignes qui suivent présentent donc rapidement les chiffres clés relatifs à l'évolution du blé au niveau mondial, au cours du dernier demi-siècle. [less ▲]

Development of riveting technology through an analysis of Belgian patents (1830-1940)

in Jasienko, Jerzy (Ed.) Proceedings of the International Conference on Structural Analysis of Historical Constructions (SAHC 2012) (2012)

The development of riveting technology in iron and steel structures in the 19th and 20th centuries were highly promoted by patents. Although riveting was widely used in buildings and civil engineering ... [more ▼]

The development of riveting technology in iron and steel structures in the 19th and 20th centuries were highly promoted by patents. Although riveting was widely used in buildings and civil engineering structures, little information about the development of this technology – how rivets were manufactured, various installation techniques – is available in literature. This paper discusses a database of patents related to riveting technology that was created to better understand the innovations in riveted connections and their technological evolution. The database includes patents relating to rivets registered in Belgium between 1830 and 1940. Belgian patents are a good proxy for inventiveness in riveting technology in this period, in industrialized countries generally, not only Belgium. As one of the most industrialized countries, Belgium attracted inventors from many countries seeking to register their inventions: foreign inventions represented approximately 75% of all patents. Breakthroughs by important Belgian, French, British, and American inventors/companies are represented in this source. A methodology based on both quantitative and qualitative analyses was implemented. The quantitative analysis dealt with the entire database and explored several key parameters, for example, the subject of the patent and the patenting organization/person. The database also permitted qualitative analyses; specifically, it helped enlarge our understanding of pioneering inventors and their inventions, in the important categories of rivet manufacturing (1855-1870) and installation techniques (1895-1910). As background for the conservation and renovation of historic iron and steel structures, it is vital to have an understanding of the know-how that was available over time. This kind of information is revealed in the patent record [less ▲]

Texte et contexte des papyrus iatromagiques grecs : recherches sur les conditions matérielles de réalisation des formulaires et des amulettes

in Schubert, Paul (Ed.) Actes du 26e Congrès International de Papyrologie (Genève, 2010) (2012)

Se présentant principalement sous la forme de formulaires et d’amulettes, les papyrus iatromagiques grecs (Ier av. J.-C. – VIIe apr. J.-C.) possèdent des caractéristiques telles que la disposition du ... [more ▼]

Se présentant principalement sous la forme de formulaires et d’amulettes, les papyrus iatromagiques grecs (Ier av. J.-C. – VIIe apr. J.-C.) possèdent des caractéristiques telles que la disposition du texte sous forme de catalogue, des traces d’utilisations (plis, corrections et additions, par exemple), ainsi que la présence de symboles magiques. Quel rapport ont ces particularités avec le contenu du texte ? A quelles contraintes matérielles ont été soumis les concepteurs de tels documents ? Quel soin ont-ils mis à leur réalisation ? Poursuivant nos recherches sur Les influences multiculturelles sur la forme, la présentation, l’illustration et le contenu des papyrus iatromagiques, c’est à ces questions que nous tenterons de répondre, en exposant notamment les observations effectuées au cours de la fabrication de répliques de ces amulettes, telles qu’elles se présentent à ce jour, ou telles qu’elles ont été prescrites dans les formulaires. Pour les formulaires, on procédera à une restauration numérique, à l’aide des photographies fournies par les institutions qui les conservent. [less ▲]

MicroRNA-146a, a downstream effector of 16kDa prolactin, impairs the endothelium-cardiomyocyte cross-talk in peripartum cardiomyopathy

in FASEB meeting:the Growth Hormone/Prolactin Family in Biology and Disease. (2012)

Avant-propos : mises au point et mises à jour

in Lecocq, Pascale (Ed.) La copropriété par appartements. Deux ans après la réforme (2012)

Does the self-referential stimuli percpetion decrease with diminished level of consciousness?

in Vanhaudenhuyse, Audrey; BOVEROUX, Pierre; Bruno, Marie-Aurélie (Eds.) et al Journal of Neurology (2012)

En quoi un espace en ligne peut-il aider les étudiants de premier bachelier à résoudre des problèmes de physique?

in Colloque scientifique international portant sur les TIC en éducation : bilan, enjeux actuels et perspectives futures (2012)

L’article présente un dispositif mis en place à l’Université de Liège (ULg, Belgique) pour faire face aux échecs massifs des étudiants de première année (branches scientifiques) dans le cours de physique ... [more ▼]

L’article présente un dispositif mis en place à l’Université de Liège (ULg, Belgique) pour faire face aux échecs massifs des étudiants de première année (branches scientifiques) dans le cours de physique. En soutien aux activités conventionnelles, un site Web propose à ces étudiants de résoudre en ligne des problèmes de physique en décomposant leur processus de résolution et en prenant connaissance de feed-back détaillés, de façon à améliorer tant leur compréhension de la mécanique (matière abordée en début de première année) que la résolution de problèmes en tant que telle. La description du dispositif sera suivie de l’analyse des données d’usage par plus de neuf cents étudiants ainsi que des données subjectives d’avis de ces étudiants quant à l’intérêt du dispositif de 2009. Sur base de ces constats, nous résumons les pistes d’amélioration et présentons, de façon très illustrée, les régulations apportées en 2011 et 2012. L’accent est résolument placé sur le volet « feed-back », très apprécié des étudiants : un diagnostic individuel de la phase de résolution qui leur pose le plus problème, de nombreuses vidéos de résolution guidée et des animations qui permettent à chacun de revenir sur les concepts les plus difficiles à comprendre. [less ▲]

Screening, post-screening and confirmation analysis of antibiotics in pork and chicken meat marketed in Vietnam.

in EuroResidue VII: conference on residues of veterinary drugs in food (2012)

Du gaullisme à la droite radicale. Les étranges « compagnons de route » belges de l’Europe gaullienne

in Dard, Olivier (Ed.) Doctrinaires, vulgarisateurs et passeurs des droites radicales au XXe siècle (Europe-Amérique) (2012)

To give priority to national sovereignty, as proposed by the De Gaulle’s “Europe of Nations”, found but little success in a Belgium seeing herself as the spearhead of a Federalized Europe. Some rather ... [more ▼]

To give priority to national sovereignty, as proposed by the De Gaulle’s “Europe of Nations”, found but little success in a Belgium seeing herself as the spearhead of a Federalized Europe. Some rather marginal groups, standing mainly on the right side, were however reluctant towards decision-making transfers to supranational organisms. They recruited among well-known conservative people, either members of the Catholic or Liberal party, as demonstrated by the group which was to be – briefly- the Belgian branch of the Pan-European Union (UP) led by Count Richard Coudenhove-Kalergi. The French branch of the UP was clearly run by members of the Gaullist UNR. In Belgium, the Count could find some audience among people already at odds with the more powerful Mouvement Européen or feeling themselves uneasy in its ranks. Among them, the well-known Catholic Senator and former staunch nationalist Pierre Nothomb and his disciple Florimond Damman, an avowed nationalist, rabid anticommunist and nostalgic of the colonial empires. Damman was running a intricate host of associations situated between political think thanks and high society meeting clubs. Around them, inside the AENA (Association pour l’Europe Nouvelle et l’Expansion Atlantique) – a title having obviously very little to do with Gaullist attitude – one could find the Liberal Paul Rohr, founder of the Cercle de Politique Etrangère, and Jack de Spirlet, leader of the Belgian branch of CEDI (Centre Européen de Documentation et d’Information) which had as main goal the integration of Franco’s Spain inside the West European fold. All of them were dedicated supporters of Archduke Otto of Habsburg, an ideal ruler for their Europe-to-be. Were they nothing but forlorn dreamers using the Gaullist policies as a promoting step? The General’s hostile attitude towards NATO and the “empty chair crisis” provoked at last a break with Coudenhove-Kalergi. After the death in late 1966 of Baron Nothomb, their sound bottom, other brain-children of Damman (AESP, MAUE) replaced AENA and ended up in total service of the ideals of Archduke Otto and CEDI. At the same time, and for a decade, they maintained ties with various ultra-Catholic circles and activist anticommunist lobbies such as the WACL and ABN, but also with militant far right networks such as Aginter-Presse run by Guérin-Sérac, and in Belgium and France the groups around Révolution Européenne et Europe-Action. The “sniffer-planes” scandal brought an end to these many-fold activities, and to Damman’s life... [less ▲]

On the Piano Key Weir hydraulics

in Rutschmann, Peter; Grünzner, Markus; Stephan, Hötzl (Eds.) Proceedings of 2nd IAHR Europe Congress (2012)

The Piano Key Weir (PKW) is a kind of labyrinth weir with a geometry that uses overhangs to reduce the base length. The PKW can thus be directly placed on the crest of an existing dam. Together with its ... [more ▼]

The Piano Key Weir (PKW) is a kind of labyrinth weir with a geometry that uses overhangs to reduce the base length. The PKW can thus be directly placed on the crest of an existing dam. Together with its high discharge capacity for low heads (up to four times as high as an ogee-crested weir of same length), this geometric feature makes the PKW an interesting solution for dam rehabilitation and for new dam projects with a high level of constraints (design discharge, available space, reservoir storage, ...). PKW has been initially designed in 2001 and built for the first time in 2006 by “Electricité de France (EDF)”. Even if the first experimental studies confirmed its appealing discharge capacities, the flow upstream, over and downstream of this complex structure is still poorly described. Following a 3 years intensive experimental and numerical study of PKW hydraulics, the paper presents a general description of the hydraulic behavior of the PKW. It aims to explain the influence of the large set of geometric parameters on the discharge capacity. The assumptions of the study link various phenomenons depicted in the literature about PKW and an evaluation of their relative influence on the PKW efficiency is given. The role of the crests shape, the crests submersion, the nappes interactions, the crests approach conditions, the position of the control section and the head losses are analyzed. Design advices are also given. [less ▲]