2. Implantation des cultures

in Livre Blanc: Céréales - Gembloux (2011, February 23)

6. Lutte contre les maladies - 2.3. Réduire la pression des maladies: impact pratique des "leviers agronomiques"

in Livre Blanc: Céréales - Gembloux (2011, February 23)

Dynamique des populations de trois adventices des céréales en vue de la mise au point de méthodes intégrées de leur contrôle

in Bodson, Bernard; de proft, Michel (Eds.) Livre Blanc 2011 (2011, February 23)

Ultra-short pulse fibre laser parameters optimisation for CdTe thin film solar cells processing and fibre laser design

in Fiber Laser Applications, OSA Technical Digest (CD), paper FThC3 (2011, February 16)

We present the results of an optimization study of ultra-short pulse laser scribing of thin film CdTe solar cells. Thereafter, a fibre laser source has been designed and the first results are also ... [more ▼]

We present the results of an optimization study of ultra-short pulse laser scribing of thin film CdTe solar cells. Thereafter, a fibre laser source has been designed and the first results are also included here. [less ▲]

Gaia spectroscopy: processing, performances and scientific returns

in EAS Publication Series (2011, February 01)

During the five years of the mission, the Gaia spectrograph, the Radial Velocity Spectrometer (RVS) will repeatedly survey the celestial sphere down to magnitude V ~ 17-18. This talk presents: (i) the ... [more ▼]

During the five years of the mission, the Gaia spectrograph, the Radial Velocity Spectrometer (RVS) will repeatedly survey the celestial sphere down to magnitude V ~ 17-18. This talk presents: (i) the system which is currently developed within the Gaia Data Processing and Analysis Consortium (DPAC) to reduce and calibrate the spectra and to derive the radial and rotational velocities, (ii) the RVS expected performances and (iii) scientific returns. [less ▲]

Le bilinguisme et la politique linguistique des empereurs romains sous le Principat

in Torres Guerra (Ed.) Utraque lingua : Bilingüismo social y literario: bajo el imperio de Roma (Social and literary bilingualism: under Roma's rule (2011, February)

Comparative study of the life cycle profile of residential masonry and steel framed buildings in Belgium

in Final International Conference of COST Action C25 - Sustainability of Constructions : Towards a better built environment: Innsbruck 3-5 February 2011 (2011, February)

This study presents the life cycle assessment (LCA) of two buildings similar in dimensions, orientations, climate and purpose but designed for Belgium using two different construction systems: traditional ... [more ▼]

This study presents the life cycle assessment (LCA) of two buildings similar in dimensions, orientations, climate and purpose but designed for Belgium using two different construction systems: traditional masonry made of concrete blocks, insulation and ceramic bricks and light gauge steel framing as the load carrying component. The comparison between the LCA focuses on the CO2 emission equivalent for each building’s life cycle. After a short sensitivity analysis, the results of the assessment are compared against each other and the conclusions are presented. [less ▲]

A Comparison Between Explicit and Implicit Modelling of Transient Creep Strain in Concrete Uniaxial Constitutive Relationships

in Proceedings of the Fire and Materials 2011 Conference (2011, February)

Transient creep strain has to be included within the constitutive relationships for concrete at high temperatures. However, the necessity of taking into account this term explicitly is not clearly defined ... [more ▼]

Transient creep strain has to be included within the constitutive relationships for concrete at high temperatures. However, the necessity of taking into account this term explicitly is not clearly defined. In the Eurocode 2 uniaxial concrete material model, transient creep is included implicitly. This paper aims to highlight the capabilities and limitations of concrete uniaxial models at elevated temperatures for thermo-mechanical behaviour modelling, depending on the implicit or explicit consideration of transient creep strain in the model. The characteristics inherent to the two types of models are described and compared. It appears that one of the major limitations of implicit models concerns the unloading stiffness because implicit models treat transient creep as reversible. Based on numerical analysis performed on loaded concrete columns subjected to natural fire, it is shown that the stress-temperature paths experienced by structural concrete are varied and complicated and that concrete material models cannot handle properly these complex situations of unsteady temperatures and stresses without explicit consideration of transient creep. The paper proposes a new formulation of the Eurocode 2 concrete material model that contains an explicit term for transient creep. The new model is implemented in the software SAFIR and validated against experimental data of the mechanical strain developed by concrete cylinders under different unsteady temperatures and loads. It is shown that the actual material behaviour is better matched with the new explicit model than with the current implicit Eurocode 2 model. Finally, a comparison is given between experimental and calculated results on an axially restrained concrete column subjected to heating and cooling. [less ▲]

Geosynthetics: materials, design, durability and application

in Application des géosynthétiques dans la géotechnique (2011, January 26)

The WR 140 periastron passage 2009: first results from MONS and other optical sources

in Eversberg, Thomas; Knapen, Johan (Eds.) Stellar Winds in Interaction (2011, January 01)

We present the results from the spectroscopic follow-up of WR140 (WC7 + O4-5) during its last periastron passage in January 2009. This object is known as the archetype of colliding wind binaries and has a ... [more ▼]

We present the results from the spectroscopic follow-up of WR140 (WC7 + O4-5) during its last periastron passage in January 2009. This object is known as the archetype of colliding wind binaries and has a relatively large period (~ 8 years) and eccentricity (~ 0.89). We provide updated values for the orbital parameters, new estimates for the WR and O star masses and new constraints on the mass-loss rates. [less ▲]

L'onde F dans tous ses états

in Journées de la Société Francophone du Nerf Périphérique - Livre des Résumés (2011, January)

C’est Magladery et McDougal (1950) qui, les premiers, ont constaté l’existence des réponses F au niveau du pied (F pour foot) chez l’homme. Dawson et Merton (1956) ont ensuite démontré que celles-ci ne ... [more ▼]

C’est Magladery et McDougal (1950) qui, les premiers, ont constaté l’existence des réponses F au niveau du pied (F pour foot) chez l’homme. Dawson et Merton (1956) ont ensuite démontré que celles-ci ne résultent pas d’un réflexe, mais de la décharge des motoneurones suite à leur activation rétrograde par des volées d’influx centripètes. L’onde F se traduit au niveau musculaire, par une réponse indirecte (dont la latence diminue lorsque le site de stimulation nerveuse s’éloigne du site de détection musculaire), tardive (survenant après la réponse M), de longue latence. Lors d’une stimulation nerveuse supramaximale, une ou plusieurs unités motrices participent à la formation de la réponse F. Lorsque la stimulation nerveuse est répétée, les unités motrices, générant l’onde F, changent d’une stimulation à l’autre, induisant une variabilité en latence, durée, amplitude et forme de la réponse tardive. Cette variabilité est principalement liée au niveau d’excitabilité des motoneurones α. En clinique, le paramètre le plus utile est la latence minimale, à condition qu’au moins 7 ondes F distinctes soient évoquées. Lorsque l’analyse est relative soit au côté controlatéral, soit à un examen antérieur, ce paramètre est un des plus sensibles en électroneuromyographie. [less ▲]

Effect of seasonality and short-term light and temperature history on monoterpene emissions from European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.)

in Hansel, Armin; Dunkl, Jürgen (Eds.) 5th International PTR-MS Conference on Proton Transfer Reaction Mass Spectrometry and its Applications (2011, January)

Branch enclosure measurements of monoterpene emision rates have been performed at different positions in the canopy of a European beech tree in natural environmental conditions. Strong and position ... [more ▼]

Branch enclosure measurements of monoterpene emision rates have been performed at different positions in the canopy of a European beech tree in natural environmental conditions. Strong and position-dependent standard emission rate variations were observed in the course of the growth season. By using the obtained dataset and a modified vesrion of the MEGAN algorithm, the response of the emissions to short-term light and temperature history was investigated [less ▲]

Poporodwz okresy bezrujowe u krow mlecznych - charakterystyka i metody leczenia.

in Gajewski, Zdzislaw; Malinowski, Edward; Wehrend, Axel (Eds.) Problemy w rozrodzie bydla - aktualne poglady (2011)

Recurrent neural network prediction of steam production in a Kraft recovery boiler

in Pistikopoulos, E. N.; Georgiadis, M. C.; Kokossis, A. C. (Eds.) 21st European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering (Part B) (2011)

In this paper, neural networks approaches are compared for predicting the high pressure (HP) steam flow rate from a Kraft recovery boiler. We apply two types of neural networks: a static multilayer ... [more ▼]

In this paper, neural networks approaches are compared for predicting the high pressure (HP) steam flow rate from a Kraft recovery boiler. We apply two types of neural networks: a static multilayer perceptron and a dynamic Elman’s recurrent neural network. Starting from a one-day database of raw process data related to the boiler, the goal is to model and predict the next 12-hours of HP steam flow production from the boiler to the steam turbine. The results illustrate the potential of the dynamic approach in this task. [less ▲]

Peut-on mesurer l'accessibilité des documents

in La communiction avec le citoyen : efficace et accessible ? (2011)

Le rôle de l'espace frontalier dans le rapprochement belgo-allemand après 1945

in Ludwig, Bernard; Linsenmann, Andreas (Eds.) Frontières et réconciliation. L'Allemagne et ses voisins depuis 1945 (2011)

Der Grenzraum spielt in den deutsch-belgischen Nachkriegsbeziehungen eine Rolle auf verschiedenen Ebenen. Zum einen ist er Objekt klassischer Nachkriegsdiplomatie, mithin Gegenstand belgischer ... [more ▼]

Der Grenzraum spielt in den deutsch-belgischen Nachkriegsbeziehungen eine Rolle auf verschiedenen Ebenen. Zum einen ist er Objekt klassischer Nachkriegsdiplomatie, mithin Gegenstand belgischer Reparationsansprüche gegenüber dem besiegten Nachbarn Deutschland, zum anderen jedoch treten die Grenzbewohner durchaus als Akteure auf, die Einfluss auf die Regierungspolitik nehmen wollen bzw. mit ihr interagieren. Der vorliegende Beitrag befasst sich mit beiden Ebenen, indem er knapp die diplomatische Rolle des deutsch-belgischen Grenzraums skizziert und andererseits versucht, die Rolle der Grenzbevölkerung nachzuzeichnen. Im Mittelpunkt der Darstellung stehen dabei die deutschsprachigen Grenzbewohner auf belgischer Seite, die als Resultat des Versailler Vertrags zu Belgiern wurden und zwischen 1940 und 1944 von Deutschland annektiert worden waren. Darüber hinaus kommt der schwierigen sozioökonomischen Situation der deutschen Grenzbevölkerung eine wichtige Bedeutung zu, da sie die Wahrnehmung des Nachbarlandes Belgien entscheidend beeinflusst. Letztlich zeigt der Beitrag, dass Annäherungsprozesse im Grenzland recht rasch einsetzen, die jedoch vor allem politisch gesteuert sind – zivilgesellschaftliche Beiträge sind bis in die 1950er Jahre hinein noch selten. Nach einem halben Jahrhundert der Konfrontation wurde damit der Weg zu einem friedlichen Nebeneinander geebnet, wurde immerhin die Chance zu mehr Miteinander eröffnet. [less ▲]

Soil, plant and goat faeces can be used to map trace elements contaminations in the town of Lubumbashi (RDCongo)

in The 6th International Conference on Soils of Urban, Industrial, Traffic, Mining and Military Areas: Program, Abstracts and participants directory (2011)

Stochastic Uncertainty Quantification of Eddy Currents in the Human Body by Polynomial Chaos Decomposition

(2011)

The finite element method can be used to compute the electromagnetic fields induced into the human body by envi- ronmental extremely low frequency fields. However, the electric properties of tissues are ... [more ▼]

The finite element method can be used to compute the electromagnetic fields induced into the human body by envi- ronmental extremely low frequency fields. However, the electric properties of tissues are not precisely known and may vary depending on the individual, his/her age and other physiological parameters. We propose to account for some uncertainties on the conductivities of the brain tissues and to spread them out to the induced fields by means of a non-intrusive approach based on the chaos Hermite polynomial with the finite element method as a black box [3], [4]. [less ▲]

Glycemic Variability, Hypoglycemia and Organ Failure in the Glucontrol Study

in 10th Belgian Day on Biomedical Engineering (2011)

Roller Pressure Quench Process of Steel Plate Modelling

in Proceedings of Esaform 2011 (2011)

In this study, the roller pressure quench process is applied on a low-alloy steel plate with significant thickness. The aim is to obtain martensitic high strength steel without modifying the flatness. In ... [more ▼]

In this study, the roller pressure quench process is applied on a low-alloy steel plate with significant thickness. The aim is to obtain martensitic high strength steel without modifying the flatness. In order to optimize the process parameters, a finite element model is developed. The analysis couples the mechanical, thermal and metallurgical fields. This model provides results about the final microstructure, the residual stresses and the flatness at the end of the cooling process. It has been noticed that a two dimensional plane strain simulation is not accurate because it does not predict physical transversal residual stresses. A three dimensional simulation improves the results and enables to compute the thickness variation of the plate at the end of the quench process. [less ▲]

Évolution de l’impact environnemental lié à la gestion des déchets ménagers en Belgique (Liège) durant les trente dernières années

in SFGP (Ed.) Récents Progrès en Génie des Procédés (2011)

The goal of this study was to evaluate the improvement of waste management through the last thirty years. Four steps of time and of technologies of waste treatment were evaluated. The first scenario is ... [more ▼]

The goal of this study was to evaluate the improvement of waste management through the last thirty years. Four steps of time and of technologies of waste treatment were evaluated. The first scenario is situated before 1970 with waste landfilling without recuperation and valorization of gas. The second one considers the situation between 1990 and 2009 with a unit comprising grinding and sorting of waste to obtain fluff which was burnt in an incinerator, remaining waste being sent to sanitary landfill with recuperation and valorization of gas. The third one is the current one, in operation since 2009, with incineration of the whole of the residual municipal waste. The last scenario is about future considering the current installation and adding a biomethanation of the biodegradable fraction of household waste. Main result of this study is the improvement through years starting from the important environmental impact of landfilling to a negative impact with the current installation coupled with biomethanation. Global warming impact from the eighties was reduced by 4 in the years 1990-2008, by 6 for the current scenario alone or coupled with a biomethanation plant. Valorization of electricity is helpful to reduce consumptions of fuels and associated impacts. This study confirms the improvement of technologies and emissions of waste management through years. [less ▲]

Modeling Route Choice of Car Travelers using an Activity-Based Segmentation

in Proceedings of the 90th Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board (DVD-ROM) (2011)

The aim of this research is to identify the relationships between activity patterns and route choice decisions. The focus is turned to the relationship between the purpose of a trip and the road ... [more ▼]

The aim of this research is to identify the relationships between activity patterns and route choice decisions. The focus is turned to the relationship between the purpose of a trip and the road categories used for the relocation. The data for this study were collected in 2006 and 2007 in Flanders, the Dutch speaking and northern part of Belgium. To estimate the relationship between he primary road category traveled on and the corresponding activity-travel behavior a multinomial logit model is developed. The results point out that route choice is a function of multiple factors, not just travel time or distance. Crucial for modeling route choices or in general for traffic assignment procedures is the conclusion that activity patterns have a clear influence on the road category primarily driven on. Particularly, it was shown that the likelihood of taking primarily through roads is highest for work trips and lowest for leisure trips. This certainly suggests that traffic assignment procedures should be developed that explicitly take into account an activity-based segmentation. In addition, it was shown that route choices were similar during peak and off-peak periods. This is an indication that car drivers are not necessarily utility maximizers. A potential pathway for further investigating route choice decisions might lie in the roots of more psychological underpinnings. [less ▲]

Ti6A14V Anisotropy and Texture Evolution Predictions Using Multisite and Self Consistent Crystal Plasticity Models

in Proceedings of the 12th World conference on Titanium (2011)

Processing aortic and pulmonary artery waveforms to derive the ventricle time-varying elastance

in Proceedings of the 18th IFAC World Congress, 2011 (2011)

Enteral nutrition-associated incretin effect in the critically ill

in Proceedings of the 33rd Congress of Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN 2011) (2011)

Logique et philosophie analytique au service de l'atelier de conservation du patrimoine

in Musso, Stefano F.; Kealy, Loughlin (Eds.) Conservation / Transformation (2011)

Diallyl disulfides: comparison between classical and microwave-assisted synthesis

in Ioannou, Efstathia; Roussis, Vassilios (Eds.) Trends in Natural Products Research: Abstracts of the Phytochemical Society of Europe (2011)

Anisotropic damage model with initial stresses for microcracked materials

in Fifth International Conference on Advanced COmputational Methods in ENgineering (ACOMEN 2011) (2011)

In a recent study (Levasseur et al., 2010), we proposed a class of isotropic damage models which account for initial stresses. The present paper extends this approach to anisotropic damage due to growth ... [more ▼]

In a recent study (Levasseur et al., 2010), we proposed a class of isotropic damage models which account for initial stresses. The present paper extends this approach to anisotropic damage due to growth of an arbitrarily penny-shaped microcracks system. The basic principle of the upscaling technique in the presence of initial stress is first recalled. Then, we derive a closed-form expression of the elastic energy potential corresponding to a system of arbitrarily oriented microcracks. Thanks to the investigation of the influence of initial stresses on the material response under non monotonous loading paths, it is shown how the coupling between initial stresses and damage is strongly dependent of the microcracks density and orientation. In case of a particular distribution of microcracks orientation, described by a second order damage tensor, this model corresponds to a generalization of the macroscopic damage model of Halm and Dragon (1996), for which a physically-based interpretation can be proposed. [less ▲]

Safety and Performance of Stochastic Targeted (STAR) TGC of Insulin and Nutrition

in Proceedings of SQAO 2011 (2011)

Polarization measurement with space-variant retarders in liquid crystal polymers

in SPIE proceedings 8160, SPIE Optics +Photonics 2011 San Diego (2011)

We present a real-time polarization measurement method with a space-variant phase retarder in liquid crystal polymers. This retarder presents a continuous and periodical variation of its optical axis ... [more ▼]

We present a real-time polarization measurement method with a space-variant phase retarder in liquid crystal polymers. This retarder presents a continuous and periodical variation of its optical axis orientation. The method computes the Stokes parameters of an incident beam by studying the intensity distribution after the retarder and a linear polarizer. This paper contains the mathematical modelization, the numerical simulation, the description of the experimental setup, the results for several completely polarized beams and the future developments of this method. [less ▲]

Creation of a PKW Database - Discussion

in Erpicum, Sébastien; Laugier, Frederic; Boillat, Jean Louis (Eds.) et al Labyrinth and Piano Key Weirs - PKW 2011 (2011)

Piano Key Weir description involves a lot of geometrical parameters which designations are now well defined. A naming convention has been developed to enhance exchanges and cooperation between the ... [more ▼]

Piano Key Weir description involves a lot of geometrical parameters which designations are now well defined. A naming convention has been developed to enhance exchanges and cooperation between the numerous developers. This nomenclature was presented and discussed during the workshop and the updated version is included in the present proceedings (Pralong et al., pp. 277-284). In order to make easier the access to experimental or field data from different sources, a Database is required. This document relates the proposal which was presented and discussed during the workshop. The carrying out of this Database is expected in a near future. [less ▲]

Depth-averaged flowslides model: validation and application to tailings dams and waste dumps failures

in Chanson, Hubert (Ed.) Balance and Uncertainty: Water in a Changing World (2011)

Flowslides induced by the failure of tailing dams or waste dumps constitute significant industrial hazards. Examples in the past have demonstrated their high potential for casualties and damage ... [more ▼]

Flowslides induced by the failure of tailing dams or waste dumps constitute significant industrial hazards. Examples in the past have demonstrated their high potential for casualties and damage. Geotechnical analyses provide nothing more than the failure criteria. In contrast, once the structure fails, the fluidized material propagates rapidly as a non-Newtonian flow, requiring thus a hydraulic analysis. This paper presents an advanced 2D depth-averaged flow model which accommodates the particular rheology of flowslides, including visco-plasticity and frictional behavior accounting for pore pressure. Based on mass and momentum conservation for the mixture of soil and interstitial fluid, the finite volume model handles flow propagation on dry areas and includes an original treatment of the yield stress in 2D. At a crossroads of geotechnical and hydraulic engineering, the paper depicts the elaboration and validation of a new model readily available for hazard mapping, including extent of affected areas, maximum depths and arrival time. [less ▲]

Elévation des kisspeptines plasmatiques chez les hommes obèses avec hypogonadisme acquis et chez les hommes avec hypogonadisme congénital : Etude pilote des modifications plasmatiques des kisspeptines avant et après administration de hCG et testostérone

in Annales d'Endocrinologie - 28ème congrès de la société Française d'Endocrinologie (2011)

Background/BiResonant decomposition of the non Gaussian buffeting response

in Proceedigs of 13th International Conference on Wind Engineering (2011)

Home-to-work commuting, spatial structure and energy consumption: A comparative analysis of Wallonia and Flanders, Belgium

in Cornelis, Eric (Ed.) Proceedings of the BIVEC-GIBET Transport Research Day 2011 (2011)

Du mur à la toile ou comment imiter le chromatisme de la "Cène" de Léonard de Vinci

in Boudon-Machuel, Marion; Brock, Maurice; Charron, Pascale (Eds.) Aux limites de la couleur. Monochromie & polychromie dans les arts (1300-1600) (2011)

Cet article propose de répondre à la question suivante : comment les élèves de Léonard de Vinci, qui sont les auteurs de la plupart des versions fidèles et anciennes du Cenacolo, ont-ils imité les ... [more ▼]

Cet article propose de répondre à la question suivante : comment les élèves de Léonard de Vinci, qui sont les auteurs de la plupart des versions fidèles et anciennes du Cenacolo, ont-ils imité les couleurs du chef-d’œuvre de Santa Maria delle Grazie de Milan ? La question se révèle d’autant plus pertinente quand on sait que des gravures et des dessins monochromes ont servi d’intermédiaires pour réaliser des copies polychromes. Toujours est-il que, même si ces feuilles ont pu transmettre certaines indications permettant d’imiter le chromatisme du Cenacolo (en fait surtout une hiérarchie entre les tons clairs et les tons foncés), ces œuvres demeurent en noir et blanc. Elles constituent donc des intermédiaires trop sommaires pour minutieusement copier les couleurs de l’original. Or, les leonardeschi ont du recourir à des outils adéquats. Auraient-ils utilisé la série de dessins qui montrent les bustes des apôtres de Milan et qui sont conservés au Cabinet des estampes et des dessins des Musées de Strasbourg (inv. 295) ? C’est probable : ces feuilles proposent une solution au problème posé par le recours à un intermédiaire en noir et blanc puisqu’elles ont été exécutées à la pierre noire et à la sanguine, avec des rehauts de pastel coloré, c’est-à-dire selon un procédé qui permet justement d’enregistrer des couleurs. [less ▲]

Influence of bridge deck shape on extreme buffeting forces

in Proceedigs of 13th International Conference on Wind Engineering (2011)

Voltage control in an HVDC system to share primary frequency reserves between non-synchronous areas

in Proceedings of the 17th Power Systems Computation Conference (PSCC-11) (2011)

This paper addresses the problem of frequency control for non-synchronous AC areas connected by a multi-terminal HVDC grid. It proposes a decentralized control scheme for the DC voltages of the HVDC ... [more ▼]

This paper addresses the problem of frequency control for non-synchronous AC areas connected by a multi-terminal HVDC grid. It proposes a decentralized control scheme for the DC voltages of the HVDC converters aimed to make the AC areas collectively react to power imbalances. A theoretical study shows that, by using local information only, the control scheme allows to significantly reduce the impact of a power imbalance by distributing the associated frequency deviation over all areas. A secondary frequency control strategy that can be combined with this control scheme is also proposed so as to restore the frequencies and the power exchanges to their nominal values in the aftermath of a power imbalance. Simulation results on a benchmark system with five AC areas illustrate the good performance of the control scheme. [less ▲]

Nonlinear modal analysis of aerospace structures

in Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Computational Methods in Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering (2011)

The dynamic systems theory is well-established for linear systems and can rely on mature tools such as the theories of linear operators and linear integral transforms. This is why theoretical and ... [more ▼]

The dynamic systems theory is well-established for linear systems and can rely on mature tools such as the theories of linear operators and linear integral transforms. This is why theoretical and experimental modal analysis, i.e., the computation of vibration modes from a mathematical model and from experimental data, respectively, is really quite sophisticated and advanced. Even though linear modal analysis served, and is still serving, the structural dynamics community for applications ranging from bridges to satellites, it is commonly accepted that nonlinearity is a frequent occurrence in engineering structures. Because linear modal analysis fails in the presence of nonlinear dynamical phenomena, the development of a practical nonlinear analog of modal analysis would be an extremely timely contribution; it is clearly missing in the structural dynamics literature. A new framework for nonlinear modal analysis of real-world structures, which includes the computation of nonlinear modes from finite element models, is introduced in this paper. This framework will permit a rigorous, yet understandable by the practicing engineer, analysis of nonlinear dynamical phenomena. It will also provide solid theoretical foundations for extending finite element model validation to nonlinear aerospace structures. [less ▲]

Petite mise en perspective historique de l’apprentissage des langues anciennes dans l’enseignement secondaire

in De Kesel, Myriam; Dufays, Jean-Louis; Meurant, Alain (Eds.) Le curriculum en questions. La progression et les ruptures des apprentissages disciplinaires de la maternelle à l’université (2011)

Le savoir technique et sa circulation à travers les brevets d'invention. Le cas des métaux non-ferreux (1830-1854)

in Congrès de Namur. Actes du LVème Congrès de la Fédération des Cercles d'Archéologie et d'Histoire de Belgique - Namur 2008 (2011)

2009-2010 Russo-franco-latvian expeditions in the Main Devonian Field (North-western Russia)

in Lebedev, Oleg; Ivanov, Alexander (Eds.) Palaeozoic Early Vertebrates II - Obruchev Symposium - Abstracts (2011)

In the frame of an international project between the Paleontological Institute of Moscow and the Museum of Paris, a Russo-Franco-Latvian team has been set up to prospect the Main Devonian Field in North ... [more ▼]

In the frame of an international project between the Paleontological Institute of Moscow and the Museum of Paris, a Russo-Franco-Latvian team has been set up to prospect the Main Devonian Field in North-Western Russia (Novgorod and Leningrad Regions). This joined project started in 2009 (one month of field trip), continued in 2010 (one month also) and will end in 2011. The two first years were mainly devoted to the prospecting of historical localities, some discovered and/or exploited by Dmitry Obruchev himself. Such a method is effective but quite time-consuming; i.e. to rediscover the accurate location of the localities by discussing with denizens, to fathom the archives out and to access to non-weathered layers by removing the altered surface. Novgorod and Leningrad Regions are topographically excessively flat. Devonian fields have not been disrupted by tectonic movements and the layers are thus horizontal. Rocks are most often quite unconsolidated (consisting of loose sands or clays) and excavations are thus relatively easy. The lack of relief and the vegetal cover unfortunately lead to few outcrops in the landscape. They are all located along rivers (Lovat’, Syas' and Oredesh rivers for instance) or are represented by outliers. Although most of the localities were easily accessible by cars, others required several kilometers by feet and/or by boat. Roughly 30 localities have been prospected. About one third of them are very interesting such as Borshovo and Goryn' (Luga District) which provided numerous and exquisite fossils of placoderms, agnathans and sarcopterygians. The original locality of the Frasnian tetrapod Obruchevichthys in Russia, Sondala (Leningrad Region), has been rediscovered with near certainty. [less ▲]

Release and innate detection of host cell DNA mediates the adjuvant effects of aluminum salts

in Proceedings of te 4th International Conference on Crossroads between Innate and Adaptive Immunity (2011)

Relations entre la structure et la texture poreuse de xérogels de TiO2 dopés au phosphore et leurs propriétés photocatalytiques

in Récents Progrès en Génie des Procédés, Lavoisier Technique et Documentation, Volume 101, 6 p. (CD-ROM) (2011)

The sol-gel process is used to prepare phosphorus (P)-doped TiO2 xerogels by cogelation of Ti(O-iPr)4 with a functionalized P-based alkoxide : NH2-(CH2)2-NH-(CH2)2-P(O)-(OEt)2, in various alcohols. These ... [more ▼]

The sol-gel process is used to prepare phosphorus (P)-doped TiO2 xerogels by cogelation of Ti(O-iPr)4 with a functionalized P-based alkoxide : NH2-(CH2)2-NH-(CH2)2-P(O)-(OEt)2, in various alcohols. These xerogels were dried under vacuum at 150°C during 12 h, and calcined under air for 5 h at 350 °C, 450 °C, 550 °C and 650 °C. The samples obtained were characterized by X-ray diffraction, nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy in UV/Vis region. The presence of phosphorus in the samples leads to a significant increase of their specific surface area, proportionally to the amount of phosphorus in the sample. Furthermore, the doping of the TiO2 by a phosphonate compound increases the thermal stability of the TiO2 and delays the phase transformation from amorphous to anatase. The diffuse reflectance measurements clearly show the translation of absorption peak of TiO2 towards the visible region when the content in phosphorus increases. Indeed, it is observed a degradation of the p-nitrophenol under visible light by using these P-doped TiO2 xerogels, which means that the P-doping enhances the photocatalytic activity in the visible region. [less ▲]

Vers une histoire du système belge des brevets au 19ème siècle

in Eck, Jean-François; Tilly, Pierre (Eds.) Innovations et transferts de technologie en Europe du Nord-Ouest aux XIXe et XXe siècles (2011)

Quality indicators for district heating networks

in Proceedings of the International Conference CISBAT 2011 - Clean Tech for sustainable buildings - From Nano to urban scale (2011)

District heating networks are very common energy systems all over the world but only few studies have been carried out to assess their performances through quality indicators. These indicators express ... [more ▼]

District heating networks are very common energy systems all over the world but only few studies have been carried out to assess their performances through quality indicators. These indicators express district heating performances through different points of view. Four ones are developed in this study: energy sources, efficiencies, heat delivering equipments characteristics and environmental efficiency as a sum up. First, the only energy indicator generally used is the primary energy factor (PEF), which quantifies the primary energy use of a device. However it does not give a complete insight of the whole energy use of district heating networks. Two other parameters have to be stated for this purpose: primary energy efficiency and the energy share. Second, district heating efficiencies are generally not been taken into account unless sometimes the only amount of heat losses. A first indicator is defined to quantify networks heat losses relatively to the amount of heat delivered to customers. To take heat plant efficiencies into account, a more global indicator is defined. Its definition is close to a seasonal efficiency and it permits comparisons with other heating systems. Third, indicators have been defined for heat plants equipments. Their aim is to permit stakeholders to check networks management of district heating companies. Two indicators are defined: one measures subscripted power relatively to network length and the other one represents the fictitious number of plants working hours while maximum plants power was delivered all the year. Finally, environmental efficiency is stated. This analysis can include different aspects: green house gas emissions, water use and other pollutants emissions. For both design and management of district heating networks, an indicator representing CO2 emissions appears to be the most suitable one. Expressed relatively to delivered energy, it can be seen as a sum up of previous indicators because result of bad performances increases these emissions. In this paper, these eight indicators are defined and their use is highlighted by a comparison of four different Finnish district heating networks. [less ▲]

Evolution of municipal waste management in Belgium (Liège) for the last thirty years

in SETAC Europe 17th LCA Case Studies Symposium : "Sustainable lifestyles", Budapest 28 February - 1 March 2011 (2011)

Waste is considered as a major concern of our century. Management tools were provided to help municipalities to reduce their emissions and to find the best way to valorize their waste. Life cycle ... [more ▼]

Waste is considered as a major concern of our century. Management tools were provided to help municipalities to reduce their emissions and to find the best way to valorize their waste. Life cycle assessment methodology was used jointly by the University of Liège and by Intradel, inter-municipal of the region of Liège (Belgium) to evaluate the impact of their activities and their improvement through years. [less ▲]

Les conditions de production et de mise sur le marché des produits vivriers paysans dans la province du Bas-Congo (R. D. Congo)

in Association Tiers-Monde (Ed.) Les Cahiers de l'Association Tiers-Monde n° 26-2011 : XXVIèmes Journées sur le Développement "Crises et soutenabilité du développement" (2011)

The cerebral metabolic correlates of episodic autobiographical memory in amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment

in Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Memory (2011)

Time-Domain Surface Impedance Boundary Conditions Enhanced by Coarse Volume Finite-Element Discretisation

(2011)

The time-domain surface impedance boundary conditions allow to accurately account for the high-frequency flux components while removing the massive conducting regions from the computation domain. In this ... [more ▼]

The time-domain surface impedance boundary conditions allow to accurately account for the high-frequency flux components while removing the massive conducting regions from the computation domain. In this paper, a coarse volume finite-element discretization of the conductors together with a fictitious frequency-dependent conductivity are added to capture the slow varying flux components. This hybrid approach extends thus the frequency range of these impedance conditions. A 2-D test case illustrates the method. [less ▲]