Sedimentary development and correlation of Mid-Late Devonian fore-reef deposits from Central Europe

Conference (2012, September 12)

INTRODUCTION: Despite the interest for the reconstruction of environmental changes over a long period of time, long-term successions have been relatively poorly investigated using a mutli-disciplinary ... [more ▼]

INTRODUCTION: Despite the interest for the reconstruction of environmental changes over a long period of time, long-term successions have been relatively poorly investigated using a mutli-disciplinary approach compared to short-term intervals such as Kačák, Taghanic, punctata, Kellwasser and Hangenberg events. Recently, BOULVAIN et al. (2010) compared two km-thick Eifelian-Frasnian sections from Belgium and Czeck Republic using magnetic susceptibility (SM) technique. Regardless the very different background of palaeogeography, sedimentary rate, facies and local sea-level changes history, a remarkable similarity in the MS trends can be observed between these two sections. These similarities brought questions on the nature of the long-term forcing parameters that were active at the inter-regional scale. In order to get a better understanding of the factors responsible of the inter-regional forcing, a detailed records of microfacies observations, MS measurements, selected trace and major elemental concentrations and conodonts biostratigraphy have been performed on two Middle to Upper Devonian successions from Germany (Sauerland, Burgberg) and Austria (Carnics Alps, Freikofel). CONODONT BIOSTRATIGRAPHY: In the Burgberg section, conodont biostratigraphy allowed us to confirm that the studied section extend from the Middle Givetian to the Lower Carboniferous. In the Freikofel section, it allowed to precisely identify the Eifelian-Givetian and the Frasnian-Famennian boundaries. SEDIMENTOLOGY: The field and microfacies observations allowed us to reconstruct the sedimentary environment and to highlight several major variations of this environment. In the Middle Devonian, both sections are mainly characterized by fore-reef sediments. In the Burgberg section, those fore-reef sediments, mainly correspond to bioclastic grainstone and rudstone related to gravity flow deposits derived from the shallow-water area. In the Freikofel section, the fore-reef area is dominated by breccia sediments suggesting a strong debris flow influence. Through the Upper Devonian the sedimentary setting evolves to an off-reef pelagic environment in both sections and even a basinal setting in the Burgberg section. Sediments are then dominated by thin-bedded and nodular limestone. In this Upper Devonian part, locally both sections, debris coming from the shallow-water area are still observed (suggestion: Even in the Upper Devonian, occasionally debris deriving from shallow water areas has been observed in both sections. MAGNETIC SUSCEPTIBILITY AND GEOCHEMISTRY: The mean MS values for the Burgberg and Freikofel sections are respectively 1,88x10-8m³/kg and 7,72x10-9m³/kg. Compared to the MSmarine standard of 5.5x10-8m³/kg defined by ELLWOOD et al. (2011) on the basis of ~11,000 marine rocks samples, our values are low, mostly in the Freikofel section, which could indicate a low terrestrial influx seaward during the Middle and Upper Devonian. Regarding the magnetic susceptibility curves from these two sections, several large-scaled trends can be highlighted. The evolution curves of some selected clastic input proxies such as Zr, Si, Al, Ti, Sr display similar large-scaled trends. This indicates that clastic input proxies and MS are inherently linked and MS techniques can thus be used here as a proxi for changes in source or amount or type of weathering (RIQUIER et al. 2010). Most of the long-term MS variations occurring in both sections are interpreted as being related to second order eustatic variations (T-R Cycles). Through this multi-disciplinary investigation, we would like to get a better idea on the causes of long-term trends in MS variations and to document the sedimentary changes in response to these long-term variations. Further aim is to develop the application of MS techniques as a correlation tools. BOULVAIN, F., DA SILVA, A-C., MABILLE, C., HLADIL, J., GERSL, M., KOPTIKOVA, L., SCHONABL P., 2010. Magnetic susceptibility correlation of km-thick Eifelian-Frasnian sections (Ardennes and Moravia). Geologica Belgica, 13/4, 309-318. ELLWOOD, B.B., ALGEO, T.J., EL HASSANI, A., TOMKIN, J.H., ROWE, H.D., 2011. Defining the timing and duration of Kačák Interval within the Eifelian/Givetian boundary GSSP, Mech Irdane, Morocco, using geochemical and magnetic susceptibility patterns. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 304, 74-84. RIQUIER, L., AVERBUCH, O., DEVLEESCHOUWER, X., TRIBOVILLARD, N., 2010. Diagenetic versus detrital origin of the magnetic susceptibility variations in some carbonate Frasnian-Famennian boundary sections from Northern Africa and Western Europe: implications for palaeoenvironmental reconstructions. International Journal of Earth Sciences, 99, 57-73. [less ▲]

The red crinoidal limestone of Baelen (late Upper Devonian), a particular historical building stone with an unusual depositional setting, global geological importance and local use

Conference (2012, September 12)

A severe drop in Eurasian ichthyosaur diversity prior to their late Cenomanian extinction: local or global signal?

Conference (2012, September 11)

During the last decade, our knowledge of the taxonomic diversity of the Early Cretaceous ichthyosaurs (Mesozoic marine reptiles) has increased significantly, with the recognition of new species, genera ... [more ▼]

During the last decade, our knowledge of the taxonomic diversity of the Early Cretaceous ichthyosaurs (Mesozoic marine reptiles) has increased significantly, with the recognition of new species, genera, and subfamilies from Canada, Europe, and Russia. New data from England, France, and western Russia suggest ichthyosaurs remained diverse and abundant in western Eurasian marine ecosystems up to the late Albian–early Cenomanian, with the co-occurrence of three to four taxa occupying two to three distinct ecological niches in each formation considered (Cambridge Greensand Member, England; Marnes Bleues Formation, France; Stoïlensky quarry, Russia). However, the overlying formations (middle–late Cenomanian), consisting of chalk or glauconiferous sands, have yielded a very depauperate ichthyosaur fauna. These ichthyosaur assemblages are monospecific and comprise medium to large-sized, presumably opportunistic predators belonging the genus Platypterygius. This suggests a severe drop in ichthyosaur diversity some 5 millions years before their final extinction, which presumably occurred at or near the Cenomanian–Turonian boundary. However, it is difficult to know if this pattern is biased or genuine: the diversity drop may very well be an effect of preservational/ecological biases as well as a genuine extinction linked to the profound environmental changes occurring during the Cenomanian. The presence of similar impoverished assemblages in Cenomanian sediments worldwide favours the latter hypothesis, but the question remains open for now. [less ▲]

On the concrete complexity of the successor function

Conference (2012, September 11)

We consider two kinds of questions about the successor function. The first one is concerned with the estimation of the length of the carry propagation when applying the successor map on the first n ... [more ▼]

We consider two kinds of questions about the successor function. The first one is concerned with the estimation of the length of the carry propagation when applying the successor map on the first n integers (or more generally on the first n elements in a given language). This leads to the notion of amortized (or average) carry propagation when applying the successor function. The second question is a computational issue: estimating the number of operations (in classical terms of Turing machines complexity) required to compute the representations of the first n integers from the first one by applying n times the successor function. This leads to the notion of (amortized) complexity, i.e., the average amount of computations required to obtain the successor of an element. [less ▲]

Some properties of abelian return words (long abstract)

Conference (2012, September 11)

We investigate some properties of abelian return words as recently introduced by Puzynina and Zamboni. In particular, we obtain a characterization of Sturmian words with non-null intercept in terms of the ... [more ▼]

We investigate some properties of abelian return words as recently introduced by Puzynina and Zamboni. In particular, we obtain a characterization of Sturmian words with non-null intercept in terms of the finiteness of the set of abelian return words to all prefixes. We describe this set of abelian returns for the Fibonacci word but also for the 2-automatic Thue–Morse word. We also investigate the relationship existing between abelian complexity and finiteness of the set of abelian returns to all prefixes. We end this paper by considering the notion of abelian derived sequence. It turns out that, for the Thue–Morse word, the set of abelian derived sequences is infinite. [less ▲]

Several years El Niño forecast using a wavelet-based mode decomposition

Conference (2012, September 10)

Polymers from renewable resources for macromolecular engineering - overview of polysaccharides

Conference (2012, September 10)

see attachment

Génitif -aes/-es pour -ae : hellénisme ou vulgarisme ?

Conference (2012, September 07)

The origin of the genitive –aes/-es for –ae is difficult to establish. The most common opinion about this type of genitive, which occurs in epigraphical and, in more reduced proportions, in papyrological ... [more ▼]

The origin of the genitive –aes/-es for –ae is difficult to establish. The most common opinion about this type of genitive, which occurs in epigraphical and, in more reduced proportions, in papyrological sources (not, insofar as I know, in literary texts) especially for women’s personal names (but also in common nouns), is that it comes from the Greek. Beside the influence of Greek, several theories can be found about the origin of this particularity, commonly attested even in Republican Latin names. Indeed, in vulgar Latin, the –es ending genitive (used as dative as well) was frequently used from the 1st c. B.C. This phenomenon can be observed in Rome, in Italy and in the provinces (not only in western provinces, but also in eastern provinces, where the influence of Greek could have been stronger). In the epigraphical texts, this type of genitive occurs frequently in Greek personal names among some social groups (low classes). The origin of the dedicants (native, Greek or Oriental, i.e. Greek-speaking persons) must be taken into account and, for the common nouns, the contextualization is very important. I’ll focus on the inscriptions from Asia Minor and compare them with other regions as Italia X and Pannonia to see : 1° whether –aes/-es are two distinctive phenomena or two variants of the same phenomenon and 2° if this particularity has been used as a typical feature to point out the Greek origin of the person(s) mentioned in the inscription or the bilingual character of the community which has produced the text. [less ▲]

The sensitivity of optimal rail‐road terminal locations to intermodal freight costs variations

Conference (2012, September 05)

In the last decades, the market of goods became globalized, increasing international trade relations and the demand for long distance transportation. As a consequence of the larger distances traveled and ... [more ▼]

In the last decades, the market of goods became globalized, increasing international trade relations and the demand for long distance transportation. As a consequence of the larger distances traveled and of the containerization of goods, maritime transportation became more efficient and reliable. In the hinterland, intermodal (rail-road) freight transportation emerged as a competitive alternative to truck-only transportation. In one of its possible meanings, intermodal freight transportation is the multimodal chain of container-transportation services [1] that, e.g., brings containers from (or to) the seaport by barge or rail to (or from) an intermodal terminal in the hinterland from where they are shipped by truck to their final destination (or origin). This study focus on inland intermodal freight transport, in particular, on the rail–truck transport of cargo containers in Belgium. This European country has a long rail system and in the last years has readapted this system in order to handle with containerized cargo. Since 2004, some rail-road terminals have been built and new intermodal services between the seaports of Belgium have been established. In addition, with the aim of promoting the modal share of intermodal rail-road transport, the federal government of Belgium started subsidizing part of the rail transport cost and of the transshipments costs at the rail-road terminals. With these investments the intermodal freight flows in Belgium have increased. [less ▲]

Distribution and identification of molecular interactions between tomato roots and bacterial biofilms

Conference (2012, September 05)

Some non pathogenic microorganisms evolving in the root micro-environment can trigger a positive effect on plant, increasing host defense against disease or/and directly inhibiting growth of pathogen in ... [more ▼]

Some non pathogenic microorganisms evolving in the root micro-environment can trigger a positive effect on plant, increasing host defense against disease or/and directly inhibiting growth of pathogen in soil (1). To initiate both phenomena leading to biocontrol activity, microorganisms use plant exudates to grow on roots and to produce in-situ active compounds. In Bacilli, cyclic lipopeptides of the surfactin, iturin and fengycin families represent important antibiotics involved in biocontrol (2). Recent studies in microbiology allowed a better understanding of plant microorganism interactions but few has been done at the molecular level. In this study, MALDI MS imaging has been used to study the nature of the secreted lipopeptide molecules, their relative quantity and their distribution in the root’s environment. Disinfected tomato seeds were first germinated at 28°C in sterile conditions for germination. Seedlings were then placed in Petri dish on ITO glass slide recovered with a thin layer of plant nutritive solution (Hoagland) containing 1,75% of agar and treated with freshly-grown cells of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens S499. Petri dishes were finally incubated vertically in phytotron at 28°C with a 16h photoperiod. Different root age / time of incubation were studied: 13 / 3; 13 / 7; 21 / 14 and 39 / 32. Control tomato root (without bacterial treatment) of the same ages were also analyzed (13 / 0; 21 / 0 and 42 / 0. For MALDI imaging experiments, the ITO slide was removed from the agar and dried in a dessiccator under vacuum. The matrix solution (α-cyano-hydroxycinnamic acid, 5mg/mL in ACN/0.2% TFA 70/30) was applied with an ImagePrep automated sprayer (Bruker Daltonics). An UltraFlex II TOF/TOF and a Solarix FT-ICR mass spectrometers were used to record molecular cartographies. The average mass spectra recorded around the tomato root (2-3 mm on both sides of the root) showed that lipopeptides were major compounds detected on the agar. The relative intensity of lipopeptides families varied with respect to the age of the root/biofilm system. In the 13/3 system, 3 homologues of surfactins were essentially detected (C13, C14 and C15), with very few iturins and fengycins. Their localizations were identical, whatever the considered homologue. Then the production of iturin and fengycin families increases in older systems (13/7 and 21/14) and a novel homologue of surfactin is detected (C12). Some variations in localizations within families may be observed (around the root or at the close vicinity of it in function of the considered homologue or alkali adduct). Then for the oldest system we studied, iturins and fengycins are not detected anymore and the localization of surfactins is less precise. In the 39/32 system, we also detected unknown compounds at 986.6, 1000.6, 1014.7 and 1028.7 m/z. The mass range of these compounds allied to the mass difference between two consecutive ion peaks let us think that these unknown compounds could be a new lipopeptide family. Investigations are in progress to identify these new secondary metabolites of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. [less ▲]

Analysis of the Biocompatibility of Different Intraocular Lens (IOL) Material Using Mass Spectrometry Tisssue Imaging

Conference (2012, September 04)

The cataract corresponds to the total or partial opacification of the lens of the eye preventing the passage of the light. At present, the surgery is the only effective treatment to overcome the cataract ... [more ▼]

The cataract corresponds to the total or partial opacification of the lens of the eye preventing the passage of the light. At present, the surgery is the only effective treatment to overcome the cataract. The surgical intervention consists in removing the cloudy lens and to replace it by an artificial intraocular lens (IOL). The in vivo implantation of these synthetic lenses involves the evaluation of several factors as their physico-chemical properties, their capacities to interact with lens epithelial cells and proteins, as well as their biocompatibility. During a previous study, we demonstrated major differences concerning the tackiness (atomic force microscopy), the cellular adhesion and the protein adsorption of various polymer disks intended for the manufacturing of intraocular lenses. The aim of this work was to correlate a histological analysis to a mass spectrometry imaging analysis performed on the same sample. To estimate the biocompatibility of the biomaterials, an animal testing was realized in rabbits. The various polymers were implanted subcutaneously. After one month, the 2 cm x 3 cm pieces of rabbit skin and underlying muscle with a 2 cm thickness were removed, fixed with formaldehyde 10% during six days, treated for the paraffin inclusion and stored at room temperature until use. Slices of 5 µm thickness were performed using a microtome. Paraffin was removed and tissue sections were washed in graded ethanol baths. The slices were then stained with the hematoxylin and eosin dyes. The analysis of stained sections showed different histo-morphological features according to the implanted polymer. For MALDI MSI purposes, on tissue protein digestion was performed using trypsin (1) and the MALDI matrix (α-cyanohydroxycinnamic acid, 5 mg/mL in ACN/0.2% TFA 70:30) was deposited using an ImagePrep automated sprayer (Bruker Daltonics, Bremen, Germany). Experiments were carried out using an UltraFlex II TOF/TOF mass spectrometer (Bruker Daltonics, Bremen, Germany). MALDI imaging can show the detection of different proteomic profiles according to the tested biomaterials, which may be considered as biocompatibility markers. The MALDI images of these markers are then correlated with the histo-morphological profiles. Consequently, mass spectrometry imaging can become a powerful tool in the evaluation of the biocompatibility of artificial implants in biomedical application. [less ▲]

Study  of  breast  cancer  adaptation  to  anti-­angiogenic  therapies  by   molecular  imaging  on  tissue  slides

Conference (2012, September 04)

Breast   carcinoma   is   the   most   common   and   second   leading   cause   of   cancer   mortality   in   women1.   The   ␣␣␣␣␣␣␣␣␣␣␣␣ ␣␣␣ ␣␣␣␣ ␣␣␣␣␣␣␣␣␣␣␣␣ ␣␣␣␣␣␣␣␣ ␣␣␣ ␣␣ ␣␣␣␣-­‐limiting   ... [more ▼]

Breast   carcinoma   is   the   most   common   and   second   leading   cause   of   cancer   mortality   in   women1.   The   ␣␣␣␣␣␣␣␣␣␣␣␣ ␣␣␣ ␣␣␣␣ ␣␣␣␣␣␣␣␣␣␣␣␣ ␣␣␣␣␣␣␣␣ ␣␣␣ ␣␣ ␣␣␣␣-­‐limiting   secondary   step   in   tumorigenesis   led   to   extensive   pre-­‐clinical   researches   on   angiogenesis   and   finally   the   approval   of   VEGF-­‐neutralizing   antibodies   (bevacizumab)  and  VEGF  receptor  tyrosine  kinase  inhibitors  (RTKs:sunitinib).  The  Sunitinib  has  been  used   clinically   in   patients   with   breast   cancer   refractory   to   other   therapeutic   agents2.   Unfortunately,   like   the   cytotoxic   therapies,   these   drugs   do   not   produce   lasting   effects   and   resistance   to   treatment   appeared   clinically3.   Recently,   independent   laboratories   have   reported   experimental   data   demonstrating   that   anti-­‐ angiogenic   treatments   inhibit   tumor   growth,   but   also   stimulate   the   formation   of   lung   metastases   after   treatment   discontinuation4.   The   field   of   imaging   mass   spectrometry   provides   new   tools   to   visualize   and   study  the  profiles  of  proteins  and  small  molecules  associated  with  biomedical  problems5.   To  this  aim,  we  conducted  a  series  of  experiments  to  setup  a  reproductible  model  of  resistance  to  sunitinib.   The   cells   MDA-­‐MB-­‐231   triple   negative,   from   human   breast   cancer   and   expressing   luciferase   are   injected   subcutaneously  into  mice  RAG1-­‐/-­‐.  The  mice  were  divided  into  four  experimental  groups  including,  on  the   one  hand,  control  mice  treated  with  placebo  (Carboxymethyl  cellulose,  CMC)  sacrificed  on  day  30  (group  1)   or  when  the  tumor  reached  a  volume  of  300  mm3  (group  2).    On  the  other  hand,  Sunitinib-­‐treated  mice  (LC   Laboratories,   40mg/kg/day),   sacrificed   at   day   30   (group   3),   or   when   the   tumor   reached   a   volume   of   300   mm3  (group  4).  MALDI  mass  spectrometry  imaging  was  performed  on  tissue  sections  of  tumors  and  organs   subsequently   colonized   by   metastases.   Matrix   sublimation   was   used   to   coat   tumor   sections   (14   μm-­‐tick)   with   1.5   Diaminonaphthalene   (1.5   DAN)   for   lipids   analysis   and   Sinapinic   acid   (SA)   for   entire   proteins   analysis.   Ion   cartographies   were   recorded   with   a   Solarix9.4T   FTMS   instrument   for   lipids   and   with   an   Ultraflex   II   TOF-­‐TOF   instrument   for   entire   proteins   (BrukerDaltonics,   Bremen,   Germany)   with   a   spatial   resolution  of  100  μm.     The  analysis  of  differential  protein/lipid  profiles  with  high  mass  accuracy  and  broadband  resolution  allows   detection   of   intense   signals   from   lipid   families   such   as   Phosphatidylcholine   (PC),   Triglyceride   (TAG),   Sphingomyelin   (SM)   and   precise   lipid   droplets   or   tumor   cells   differentiated   location   in   the   Sunitinib   resistant   tumor   cells   compared   to   control   cells.The   protein   profiles   of   the   4   groups   of   mice   show   differences   in   intensity   and   location,   enabling   a   correlation   to   inflammatory   (highlighted   by   histological   staining)  and  angiogenic  phenomenon.   [less ▲]

Esthétique du symptôme et politique de l’imagination

Conference (2012, September 04)

Cette intervention se propose de retracer les moments décisifs de la construction de la théorie de l’image didi-hubermanienne. Celle-ci se décline en deux temps (esthétique du symptôme / politique de ... [more ▼]

Cette intervention se propose de retracer les moments décisifs de la construction de la théorie de l’image didi-hubermanienne. Celle-ci se décline en deux temps (esthétique du symptôme / politique de l’image), jalonnés de rencontres avec des auteurs dont l’influence est manifeste (Panofsky, Freud, Warburg, Benjamin). En automne 2006, la revue Vacarme (n°37) proposait à ses lecteurs un entretien avec Georges Didi-Huberman (mené par Pierre Zaoui et Mathieu Potte-Bonneville). Au milieu de l’entretien, surgit la demande suivante : « Permettez-moi de vous poser la question un peu brutalement : quel est votre rapport réel à la politique ? […] Il semble que vous entreteniez un rapport extrêmement subtil, mais du même coup peu lisible au premier coup d’œil, à la chose publique et à la question des rapports sociaux en général. […] Il semble que vous vous arrêtiez toujours aux frontières de l’engagement, à la fois pour des motifs à la Foucault – ne pas s’emparer de la parole et de l’image de ceux qui souffrent ou agissent – et pour des motifs plus "indicibles" ». La réponse de Didi-Huberman n’est pas – à cet endroit du moins – bouleversante d’originalité : il faut bien dit-il reconnaître sa limite sur certains dossiers de l’actualité – s’engager à tout va, sans connaître les problèmes de première main, ne servirait à rien. Il admet : de nature contemplative, le rapport aux images semble d’abord coupé de l’action. Mais par ailleurs, le théoricien de l’image ne peut se résoudre à la fascination d’un monde visuel replié sur lui-même. Il faut bien qu’il sorte du musée, de la bibliothèque, de l’atelier d’artiste, pour plonger au cœur du réel et se contraindre à affronter ses aspects les plus inquiétants. Mettre les images au contact du réel, voilà la tâche la plus difficile : « L’inquiétude du contact entre l’image et le réel n’est autre qu’une accession à la dimension politique des images » . Depuis cet entretien, Didi-Huberman a développé une « politique de l’image » plus explicite, avec deux ouvrages en 2009 : Quand les images prennent position (premier volume d’un cycle intitulé L’œil de l’histoire – en trois volumes désormais tous publiés) et Survivance des lucioles (autour de Paolini). À nouveau marqué par le souffle critique de Walter Benjamin, ce dernier texte permet à son auteur de se situer très clairement dans le champ de la réflexion politique sur l’image – en prenant, surtout, ses distances à l’égard de la pensée « apocalyptique » de Giorgio Agamben. Tel est bien l’argument décisif de Survivance des lucioles : face au constat tragique du « dépérissement culturel » de nos sociétés actuelles, deux attitudes sont possibles. Soit on souligne le pire, en reprochant aux images leur pacte secret avec le pouvoir aliénant, et on prend le ton défaitiste du chroniqueur de la fin des temps, attendant désespérément une rédemption venue d’on ne sait où. Soit on souligne les efforts de résistance, les lueurs du contre-pouvoir et la « capacité de suspension, de transformation, de bifurcation » de l’image s’insérant dans la sphère politique. Mais on ne peut pas parler pour autant d’un « tournant politique » de l’esthétique didi-hubermanienne, tant les thèmes aujourd’hui avancés dans les ouvrages récents font écho aux premières interventions. Le débat épistémologique entamé très tôt avec les maîtres à penser de l’histoire de l’art traditionnelle montrait déjà à quel point les opérations théoriques relatives aux images (décrire, interpréter, analyser, retracer l’histoire) sont lourdes de conséquences d’un point de vue idéologique. Je voudrais faire voir la continuité très nette que l’on peut établir entre l’esthétique du symptôme et la politique de l’image. [less ▲]

Organometallic-mediated radical polymerization of vinyl amides: Effect of metal coordination

Conference (2012, September 04)

The structural complexity of phosphates in the Li-Fe2+-Fe3+ (+ PO4) system

Conference (2012, September 03)

Cognitive Mediation and hyper-reflexivity: Analyzing a “non-valid” Rorschach protocol of a schizophrenic patient

Conference (2012, September 01)

Nous proposons de réaliser une analyse du Rorschach d’un sujet schizophrène en phase de stabilisation. Le protocole ne répond pas aux critères de validité (moins de 14 réponses et refus de planche à 3 ... [more ▼]

Nous proposons de réaliser une analyse du Rorschach d’un sujet schizophrène en phase de stabilisation. Le protocole ne répond pas aux critères de validité (moins de 14 réponses et refus de planche à 3 reprises) et ne permet donc pas de réaliser une analyse structurale complète selon les recommandations du Système Intégré. Cependant, une étude que nous qualifierons de « phénoménologique » se révèle intéressante. En centrant notre réflexion sur le processus de médiation cognitive, que le sujet emploie de manière idiosyncrasique lorsqu’il est confronté à la consigne du test, nous observerons que la démarche implicite de « fausse perception » qui est suggérée au sujet (« qu’est-ce que cela pourrait-être ? ») semble difficilement tolérable. La principale particularité de ce protocole consiste en une remise en question par le sujet des éléments perçus, pour finir, la plupart du temps, par rejeter la réponse fournie. Le recours à ce « doute méthodique » est superposable à ce que les théorisations modernes de la psychopathologie phénoménologique appellent l’« hyper-réflexivité schizophrénique » (Sass, 1992, 1994, 2001 ; Stanghellini, 2006). Nous pouvons également réaliser un rapprochement entre ce processus perceptif et les théories du « salience syndrome » développées par la neuropsychologie sociale (Van Os, 2009 ; Van Os & Kapur, 2009). Ces considérations nous permettent de rediscuter la pertinence de la remédiation cognitive basée sur la connaissance de la maladie et la reconnaissance des symptômes associés à laquelle a été soumis le patient. L’analyse du Rorschach nous donne également des informations intéressantes sur la stabilisation symptomatologique de notre patient et sur la composante résiduelle de son trouble schizophrénique. Ces observations semblent incompatibles avec des hypothèses homéostatiques et la possibilité d’un retour à un état antérieur à la schizophrénie, et démontrent l’utilité du diagnostic de schizophrénie résiduelle. Enfin, cette présentation cherchera à construire des ponts entre la méthode du Système Intégré et la psychopathologie phénoménologique moderne. [less ▲]

Strategic bypass deterrence

Conference (2012, September)

The Uranus System Explorer (USE) – Unveiling the evolution and formation of icy giants

Conference (2012, September)

The results presented are the output of a student exercise carried out at the Alpbach Summer School 2012 , the topic of which pertained to the exploration of the giant planets and their systems. In this ... [more ▼]

The results presented are the output of a student exercise carried out at the Alpbach Summer School 2012 , the topic of which pertained to the exploration of the giant planets and their systems. In this context, we propose in this paper the Uranus System Explorer (USE), a mission to investigate the Uranus planetary system and gain new insight into the formation and evolution of icy giants. [less ▲]

The OUFTI-1 nanosatellite system in mid-2012: architectures of ground and space segments

Conference (2012, September)

We describe the current status of the OUFTI-1 nanosatellite project, the main payload of which is an innovative D- STAR radiocommunication system. We describe the architectures of the ground and space ... [more ▼]

We describe the current status of the OUFTI-1 nanosatellite project, the main payload of which is an innovative D- STAR radiocommunication system. We describe the architectures of the ground and space segments. [less ▲]

Time evolution of the O2 IR Atmospheric nightglow: VIRTIS observations and comparison with a 2-D model

Conference (2012, September)

Proceedings of the 12th Nordic Steel Construction Conference

Conference (2012, September)

Dioxin Food Crises and New POPs: Challenges in Analyses

Conference (2012, September)

Constant 2-labelling of a graph

Conference (2012, September)

We introduce the concept of constant 2-labelling of a weighted graph and show how it can be used to obtain periodic sphere packing. Roughly speaking, a constant 2-labelling of a weighted graph is a 2 ... [more ▼]

We introduce the concept of constant 2-labelling of a weighted graph and show how it can be used to obtain periodic sphere packing. Roughly speaking, a constant 2-labelling of a weighted graph is a 2-coloring (black and white) of its vertex set which preserves the sum of the weight of black vertices under some automorphisms. In this manuscript, we study this problem on weighted complete graphs and on weighted cycles. Our results on cycles allow us to determine (r,a,b)-codes in Z^2 whenever |a-b|>4 and r>1. [less ▲]

Power line dynamic rating: forecasting potential period of low wind speed is crucial

Conference (2012, September)

The replacement and building of new electrical power lines (50 000 km in Europe) can’t cope with the growth of RES development in EU for the ten upcoming years. New solutions have to be found to manage ... [more ▼]

The replacement and building of new electrical power lines (50 000 km in Europe) can’t cope with the growth of RES development in EU for the ten upcoming years. New solutions have to be found to manage such power transmission needs. Dynamic Line Rating (DLR) systems are part of the global solution. They allow to increase the power line capacity by an average 20% over the static rating (which is defined as the maximum current-carrying capacity as designed). The ampacity or thermal rating, is calculated thanks to (i) sensors installed directly on the power line conductors, like Ampacimon, (ii) weather data, and (iii) standard thermal models (IEEE, CIGRE). However, in order to be fully effective and to allow an efficient use of assets, ampacity calculation in real-time is not enough; it has to be forecasted as well. Beyond 6h-forecast, weather forecasts are necessary to compute the line ampacity up to two days ahead, as needed by network operation. As wind convection has a major impact on conductor cooling, even low wind speeds (2m/s up to 5m/s) allow a huge ampacity increase (the actual rating can be doubled). Therefore, low wind speed forecast up to 2-days ahead finds a major application in dynamic rating of overhead transmission and distribution lines. [less ▲]

The diversification of early eukaryotes

Conference (2012, September)

A la recherche de l'interface entre la GRH et la coordination du travail: une étude de cas en milieu hospitalier

Conference (2012, September)

Quand l’art parle des restructurations : au-delà du dévoilement, une forme d’expérimentation

Conference (2012, September)

La perception de la pénibilité au travail dans les métiers du social

Conference (2012, September)

Conversion from HST ACS and STIS auroral counts into brightness, precipitated power and radiated power for H2 giant planets

Conference (2012, September)

Light as a modulator of cognitive brain functions

Conference (2012, September)

Bye, Bye Europe »…. Congolese diaspora in Canada and the Congolese migrations reorganization

Conference (2012, September)

Fusion alpha and proton diagnostics by thin layer activation

Conference (2012, September)

Les carrières professionnelles des cadres : regard croisé du genre et de l'âge

Conference (2012, September)

Ce papier a pour objectif de réaliser une revue de littérature qui doit permettre de construire une recherche empirique visant à apporter une vision comparative des carrières des hommes et des femmes ... [more ▼]

Ce papier a pour objectif de réaliser une revue de littérature qui doit permettre de construire une recherche empirique visant à apporter une vision comparative des carrières des hommes et des femmes cadres en regard de trois groupes d’âge : les moins de 35 ans, les [35-50] ans et les plus de 50 ans. Nous considérons les deux sexes étant donné que les trajectoires professionnelles sont influencées par le sexe de la personne ainsi que par les stéréotypes et les rôles qui y sont directement associés (genre). Les générations, quant à elles, nous permettront de tenir compte de l’évolution des facteurs de contexte que sont notamment ces rôles attribués au masculin et au féminin à travers les époques. En effet, les constructions sociales liées au sexe des individus sont susceptibles de changer d’une génération à l’autre et donc d’agir distinctement sur les intentions de carrière. Le fait d’introduire la dimension générationnelle, en plus de celle du genre, est l’occasion d’aborder le concept d’intersectionnalité qui consiste en un croisement des groupes cibles propres à la gestion de la diversité. A l’issue de cet aperçu théorique faisant état de la littérature existante relative à cette thématique des carrières des individus occupant un poste à responsabilités, nous pourrons mettre en évidence différentes questions de recherche qu’il nous faudra, dans un second temps, confronter à la réalité du terrain. [less ▲]

Symmetries in the three-Higgs-doublet model

Conference (2012, August 31)

Peut-on améliorer l'enseignement de concepts scientifiques par la mise en place d'un dispositif de collaboration en formation initiale des enseignants ?

Conference (2012, August 31)

Evaluation sommaire du dispositif de formation initiale à l'ULg et pistes d'amélioration.

Conference (2012, August 31)

Dans cette communication, nous présentons d'abord le dispositif de formation initiale des enseignants du secondaire supérieur dans la Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles. Ensuite, nous épinglons quelques points ... [more ▼]

Dans cette communication, nous présentons d'abord le dispositif de formation initiale des enseignants du secondaire supérieur dans la Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles. Ensuite, nous épinglons quelques points forts et problèmes liés à cette formation. Enfin, nous proposons des pistes de solutions pour optimiser le dispositif actuel. [less ▲]

Accompaniment - a professional care?

Conference (2012, August 30)

In the European contexts where the structure of service supply is divided and where the initial trainings of professionals of childcare services are inaccurate (low levels, a focus on medical approach ... [more ▼]

In the European contexts where the structure of service supply is divided and where the initial trainings of professionals of childcare services are inaccurate (low levels, a focus on medical approach without adopting a more global psycho-educational view, etc.), several ways of professional developments could be considered as « professional care». The case of the Brussels-Wallonia Federation shows the importance of educational orientations for all services (for children between 0-12 years) thanks to curricula understood as tools of professionalization (rather than of standardization) (OCED, 2001, 2006, 2012). The case also illustrates the necessity to have a comprehensive set of coordinated actions of professional accompaniment for several years (Pirard, 2011; Pirard, Barbier, 2012). This accompaniment could be considered as a «professional care» that acknowledges the process of individual and collective competencies growing when certain conditions are guaranteed (Urban, al., 2011). [less ▲]

The role of distinctiveness in person recognition from faces and voices

Conference (2012, August 30)

Objectives: When we recognize a familiar person, we can retrieve different kinds of information about her/him: semantic information (e.g. the person’s occupation), episodic information, such as a memory ... [more ▼]

Objectives: When we recognize a familiar person, we can retrieve different kinds of information about her/him: semantic information (e.g. the person’s occupation), episodic information, such as a memory of a specific occasion on which this person has previously been encountered and lexical information (i.e. the name). Recent findings indicated that semantic and episodic information retrieval is more likely to be elicited following familiar face than voice recognition. The present study was designed in order to explore the potential role of stimulus distinctiveness as an underlying factor of the face advantage. Design: The design included two within-subject factors: the stimulus domain (faces or voices) and the stimulus distinctiveness (distinctive or typical). Methods: The proportions of episodic and semantic information recalled following the recognition of famous faces and voices was assessed, using an adapted version of the Remember/Know paradigm. Results: In line with earlier results, more semantic and episodic information was retrieved from faces than voices. Moreover, semantic information was better retrieved from distinctive than typical stimuli. Nonetheless, distinctiveness impacted less than domain on the recall of semantic information, since more semantic details were retrieved from typical faces than from distinctive voices. Conclusions: These results are discussed in the light of current models of person recognition. [less ▲]

Interaction between the antifungal lipopeptide fengycin and lipid membrane

Conference (2012, August 28)

Thermochemical conversion routes of lignocellulosic biomass

Conference (2012, August 28)

The thermo-chemical route, especially the gasification process is considered. This process converts carbonaceous biomass into combustible gas (CO, H2, CO2, CH4 and impurities) called syngas and this ... [more ▼]

The thermo-chemical route, especially the gasification process is considered. This process converts carbonaceous biomass into combustible gas (CO, H2, CO2, CH4 and impurities) called syngas and this syngas can be converted into a large range of products. Production of four of these compounds is specifically investigated: ethylene, propylene, diesel and DME. Diesel can be produced via a Fischer-Tropsch process, whereas DME (dimethyl ether) can be obtained directly or from methanol which is obtained from syngas. DME and diesel can serve as fuels in traditional motors. Syngas can also be used to produce ethylene and propylene, two building blocks for the chemical industry. An important bibliography study has been done to understand these processes in order to evaluate their environmental impacts. The Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology will be used in this regard. A bibliography study on the LCA articles published in this filled has been performed and it appears that few studies have yet focused on the environmental impacts of the gasification process and production of biofuels. Most of the time, they do not use the LCA methodology or they do not take into account land use change impact and are only “well-to-tank” studies. Moreover, it seems that the production of building blocks for the chemical industry has never been investigated. During the next stages of this work, the best conversion routes of lignocellulosic biomass, in an environmental sense, will be determined. Gasification will also be compared with the fossil sector and the results will be checked by sensitivity and uncertainty analyses. The economic aspect will also be taken into account, for the better process, in an environmental view. So, the results of the full study will be a decision making tool for the industries involved in biomass valorisation and for governments. [less ▲]

Estimation of Myostatin gene effects on production traits and fatty acid contents in bovine milk

Conference (2012, August 27)

Genetics of the mineral contents in bovine milk predicted by mid-infrared spectrometry

Conference (2012, August 27)

Knowing the contents of minerals in milk like Ca or Na could be interesting to improve the nutritional quality of milk and to assess the animal health status. This study had two aims: 1) development of ... [more ▼]

Knowing the contents of minerals in milk like Ca or Na could be interesting to improve the nutritional quality of milk and to assess the animal health status. This study had two aims: 1) development of mid-infrared equations for mineral contents in milk by using an approach combining multiple countries, breeds, and production systems and 2) study of the genetic variability of these traits in the Walloon Holstein dairy cattle. Samples included in the calibration set were collected in Belgium, Luxembourg and France over 5 years. The calibration set included at least 400 samples analyzed by coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry to quantify the contents of Na, Ca, Mg, P and K. The calibration coefficient of determination ranged between 0.69 for K and 0.93 for Na. The standard error of cross-validation was 63.35, 49.24, 64.33, 7.04, and 93.22 mg/kg of milk for Na, Ca, P, Mg and K. From these results, the quantification of milk minerals by mid-infrared is feasible. These equations were applied to more than 140,000 spectral records collected from 43,797 first parity Holstein cows in 1,233 herds. The variance components were estimated using Gibbs Sampling using single trait random regression models derived from the one used for the Walloon genetic evaluation of milk production traits. First results gave a daily heritability of 0.26 for Na, 0.45 for Ca, 0.48 for P, 0.46 for Mg, and 0.41 for K. Moderate negative genetic correlations were found between Na and the other studied traits. The highest correlation (0.69) was observed between P and Mg. These results confirmed the genetic variability of these traits. Further studies will be conducted to study the relationship between these traits and other traits (e.g., production, health). [less ▲]

Choosing an aphid partner: a matter of taste and smell

Conference (2012, August 27)

Honeydew is the keystone upon which ants and aphids build their mutualistic relationship. We have investigated how sugar and volatile compounds from honeydew are involved in the discovery, the recognition ... [more ▼]

Honeydew is the keystone upon which ants and aphids build their mutualistic relationship. We have investigated how sugar and volatile compounds from honeydew are involved in the discovery, the recognition and the exploitation of aphid colonies by the black garden ant Lasius niger. In addition to semiochemicals produced by aphids, honeydew volatile compounds are used by ant scouts to orient themselves and distantly recognize myrmecophilous species. Once discovered, aphid colonies producing sugars which are the most beneficial to the ants are preferentially tended. In this respect, the ways each sugar acts upon the feeding behavior of ant foragers and triggers the laying of a recruitment trail are essential to understand how their collective exploitation of aphid colonies proceeds and why mutualistic interactions between ants and aphids are maintained. Sensitivity of ant scouts to honeydew sugars was also investigated. Dose-response curves revealed between-sugar differences with foragers being very sensitive even to small amounts of melezitose, a sugar specifically produced by aphid colonies. We discuss about the relevance of honeydew cues used by ants in the selection of sugary resources, the recognition of their honeydew-producing partners as well as in the assessment of size and nutritive value of exploited aphid colonies. [less ▲]

Amélioration des performances génétiques des races tropicales par les races wallonnes.

Conference (2012, August 25)

As part of the genetic improvement of production, selection of breeds (purebred selection) on the one hand and crossbreeding, exploiting the complementarity between breeds and hybrid vigor or heterosis ... [more ▼]

As part of the genetic improvement of production, selection of breeds (purebred selection) on the one hand and crossbreeding, exploiting the complementarity between breeds and hybrid vigor or heterosis other hand, are methods choice used by animal husbandry. The pure breeding as practiced in the developed world, based on the individual performance of breeding as well as the placement of the offspring, uses expensive infrastructure and significant human resources. In addition, genetic progress is slow and must be sustained effort. For all these reasons, in the less favored regions of the world, although the intra-breed selection is operational, most stakeholders are most often uses the crossbreeding technique leading to immediate results and protecting local breeds. Thus, in dairy cattle, many countries have used the Holstein, Brown in the Alps, and the Montbéliarde Normande with varying success. In the meat sector, in cattle, swine and sheep, as well as in the area of ​​poultry meat, crossing indigenous breeds with exotic breeds imported leads to interesting results. In the Walloon Region, due to the hard work of breeders, animals have emerged exceptional and, in cattle, swine and sheep, they are in fact, more muscular animals in the world. Thus, bulls Belgian Blue reared under natural conditions, have average daily gains as high as 2000 g / d with yields close to slaughter 70% Pietrain pigs reach values ​​of the performance slaughter of around 83% and the yield values ​​as high as 59% were observed in Texel sheep. All these animals have the characteristic of being very efficient while presenting carcasses with more muscle, less fat and less bone. As for local poultry type Ardennaise, it has remarkable phenotypes leading to immediate traceability (black members), more than 150 eggs per clutch and a darker meat.The author gives in detail examples of the use of crossbreeding with cattle, sheep, pig and poultry all originated from the Walloon Region of Belgium. [less ▲]

Une bibliothèque modèle à l’Université de Liège? : le projet De Laet

Conference (2012, August 24)

Durant les années 1930, la situation des bâtiments occupés par la bibliothèque de l’Université de Liège s’avère particulièrement préoccupante. Devant la menace imminente de l’effondrement d’une partie de ... [more ▼]

Durant les années 1930, la situation des bâtiments occupés par la bibliothèque de l’Université de Liège s’avère particulièrement préoccupante. Devant la menace imminente de l’effondrement d’une partie de la bibliothèque, les autorités universitaires décident la construction d’une nouvelle bibliothèque, plus adaptée aux besoins de l’époque. Le projet est confié à l’architecte Armand De Laet. Celui-ci proposera au cours des années suivantes plusieurs versions d’un bâtiment imposant, en collaboration avec le bibliothécaire en chef de l’époque. Les hostilités du second conflit mondial empêcheront néanmoins à ce projet de voir le jour. Mis de côté au début de la guerre, ce projet sera définitivement abandonné en 1945. L’heure n’est désormais plus tant à l’esthétique et au grandiose qu’au pragmatisme et à la fonctionnalité des lieux. Les documents redécouverts récemment dans les archives de la bibliothèque permettent de retracer la conception et l’évolution de ce projet de grande envergure qui s’inscrit dans la lignée de ceux qui seront réalisés à la bibliothèque de l’Université de Gand et à la Bibliothèque Royale. [less ▲]

Yvon Falise, architecte moderniste

Conference (2012, August 24)

La résistance de Liège en août 14 et la reconnaissance française : histoire, mythe et mémoire

Conference (2012, August 24)

Il n’est pas exagéré de dire que la décision belge de refuser l’ultimatum allemand du 2 août et la résistance consécutive de la position de Liège furent pour la France une « divine surprise ». Les ... [more ▼]

Il n’est pas exagéré de dire que la décision belge de refuser l’ultimatum allemand du 2 août et la résistance consécutive de la position de Liège furent pour la France une « divine surprise ». Les rapports de l’ambassade française à Bruxelles au cours des mois et même des années précédentes n’avaient en effet guère préparé le Quai d’Orsay au respect par le Gouvernement belge d’une stricte neutralité en cas de conflit. L’impact dans l’opinion publique française fut considérable au point que dès le 7 août 1914, la Ville de Liège se voit remettre la plus haute distinction de la République : La Légion d’Honneur. Décoration méritée car résistance il y a bien eu… Néanmoins, autour de cet événement qui aurait pu comme beaucoup d’autres histoires militaires tomber après quelques années dans les oubliettes de l’Histoire, sont venues se greffer rapidement de nombreuses implications historiographiques, politiques et culturelles. Sur le plan historiographique, il fut de bon ton de magnifier cette résistance à l’excès jusqu’à déclarer que la résistance de Liège avait permis à l’armée française de gagner du temps pour réaliser la manœuvre salvatrice de la Marne : la Ville de Liège connue pour sa francophilie séculaire avait donc permis à elle seule de sauver la République d’un désastre militaire ! Cette version de l’histoire bataille fut enseignée à des générations d’écoliers et jusqu’à l’Ecole de guerre à Bruxelles. Sur le plan politique, les cérémonies de commémoration magnifiant la résistance liégeoise constituent des occasions récurrentes de rapprochement franco-belge saluées d’ailleurs par les militants wallons et francophiles. [less ▲]

Survivances et métamorphoses. Les gemmes isiaques remployées au Moyen Âge et leur interprétation

Conference (2012, August 23)

L’impact des modèles de Lambert Lombard et de son entourage sur la sculpture sur pierre à Liège au XVIe siècle

Conference (2012, August 23)

La montée d’un courant esthétique italianisant à Liège, au XVIe siècle, est bien perceptible dans l’art de la sculpture sur pierre, et plus particulièrement dans la production des reliefs dits en ... [more ▼]

La montée d’un courant esthétique italianisant à Liège, au XVIe siècle, est bien perceptible dans l’art de la sculpture sur pierre, et plus particulièrement dans la production des reliefs dits en marbre noir de Theux. L’installation, dans la cité épiscopale, d’un sculpteur d’origine italienne, Nicolas Palardin, a sans doute eu un effet catalyseur, mais l’apport de cet artiste demeure difficile à cerner précisément, parce qu’aucune œuvre ne peut lui être attribuée avec certitude. En revanche, une étude attentive et systématique des reliefs conservés permet de mesurer l’empreinte profonde de la figure dominante de la Renaissance liégeoise, Lambert Lombard, et de son entourage. Nous proposerons des rapprochements inédits, jetant sur la question un éclairage nouveau. De manière plus large, nous présenterons une synthèse critique des données relatives à la production dite en marbre noir de Theux. [less ▲]

Le problème de Prouhet

Conference (2012, August 22)

Si on pense aux nombres, à leur théorie et à l'arithmétique, on fait rapidement face à de nombreuses questions simples à énoncer (elles ne font intervenir que des sommes, des produits ou des puissances de ... [more ▼]

Si on pense aux nombres, à leur théorie et à l'arithmétique, on fait rapidement face à de nombreuses questions simples à énoncer (elles ne font intervenir que des sommes, des produits ou des puissances de nombres entiers) mais leurs éventuelles solutions peuvent s'avérer redoutables. Dans cet exposé, on s'intéressera à un problème accessible dû à Prouhet (1851) : "partitionner l'ensemble {0,1,2,...,2^N-1} en deux sous-ensembles A et B de même taille de telle sorte que les sommes des éléments de A et B soient égales, les sommes des carrés des éléments de A et B soient égales, ..., les sommes des puissances (N-1)-ièmes des éléments de A et B soient égales ". Par exemple, pour N=3, on trouve 0+3+5+6=1+2+4+7 et 0^2+3^2+5^2+6^2=1^2+2^2+4^2+7^2. On en présentera une solution reposant de façon élégante sur les écritures en base 2 et on s'autorisera quelques digressions : produit de sinus, répétition et chevauchement, jeu d'échecs, généralisations, pavages colorés, composition musicale, tours de Hanoï, cubes magiques, ... Cet exposé est construit pour être une balade arithmétique amusante et inattendue, pouvant montrer à des élèves ouverts, un peu comme le prétend André DELEDICQ, que les mathématiques peuvent être jubilatoires. [less ▲]