Neurostimulation for headaches

Conference (2012, October 07)

L’argumentation par le pathos dans la métaphore. Analyse énonciative d’un phénomène dialogique.

Conference (2012, October 05)

En nous plaçant dans la perspective de la linguistique pragma-énonciative et de l’analyse du discours, nous envisagerons le rôle argumentatif de la dimension pathémique de la métaphore (souvent liée à la ... [more ▼]

En nous plaçant dans la perspective de la linguistique pragma-énonciative et de l’analyse du discours, nous envisagerons le rôle argumentatif de la dimension pathémique de la métaphore (souvent liée à la dimension idéologique). Nous verrons comment cette argumentation est déterminée par deux phénomènes, qui relèvent, chacun à leur manière, de l’hétérogénéité énonciative : d’une part la mobilisation d’une série de lieux communs inducteurs d’émotion et d’autre part l’identification de la source énonciative de la métaphore, celle-ci pouvant être plus ou moins assumée ou déléguée, avec des cas d’indétermination où les points de vue se superposent. [less ▲]

CPB AND AORTIC SURGERY The state of the Art (From a Theoritical to a Practical Approach)

Conference (2012, October 04)

Background Despite recent improvements in prevention, medical treatment [1]and endovascular aortic repair , invasive surgery associated with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) remains the best option of ... [more ▼]

Background Despite recent improvements in prevention, medical treatment [1]and endovascular aortic repair , invasive surgery associated with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) remains the best option of treatment for some patients. The aim of this study is to make a review of the specific CPB protocols associated with these invasive surgical approaches, based on our clinical experience and according to the recent literature. Up to now, these protocols are not supported by evidence based in medicine (EBM) [2] or in perfusion (EBP). Discrepancies can be observed regarding target temperature , selective cerebral protection , CPB circuit concept and arterial cannulation sites . Variables guidelines are suggested concerning regional flow , transfusion requirements [3], coagulation monitoring blood gas management[4] as for cerebral and CPB monitoring tools. Conclusions In the absence of EBM and EBP in the aortic surgery field, the short and long terms clinical outcomes of the patients elected to invasive surgery for aortic diseases must guide and substantiate our choices of techniques and of CPB protocols. [less ▲]

Logging concession as semi-protected areas for gorillas'conservation? A case study in central Gabon

Conference (2012, October 04)

Le jugement du goût, du gustatif à l’esthétique

Conference (2012, October 02)

Fonctionnalisation surfacique de poudre de carbone pour greffer des nanoparticules métalliques par plasma.

Conference (2012, October 01)

Propriétés physicochimiques et électrochimiques de catalyseurs Pt/xérogel de carbone synthétisés par la méthode de SEA multiple.

Conference (2012, October 01)

Nonlinear Dynamic Analysis of Aerospace Structures

Conference (2012, October)

Current practice in industry is to rely on linear finite element simulations. However, nonlinearity is a frequent occurrence in engineering structures. It is at the origin of rich and complex dynamical ... [more ▼]

Current practice in industry is to rely on linear finite element simulations. However, nonlinearity is a frequent occurrence in engineering structures. It is at the origin of rich and complex dynamical phenomena that cannot be observed in linear structures. Solving both the direct and inverse problems in nonlinear structural dynamics therefore warrants the development of appropriate methodologies. The focus of the presentation will first be on the inverse problem. We will describe the different steps of the nonlinear system identification process and discuss the current capabilities of existing methods. The presentation will then address the direct problem during which the identified model is used for accurately predicting the structure’s dynamic characteristics. A rigorous nonlinear extension of modal analysis will be presented, and we will show that it represents a very useful framework for understanding nonlinear dynamical phenomena and supporting design decisions. Two real-life aerospace structures will be considered for illustrating the proposed developments. [less ▲]

Proposition de Règlement europén régimes matrimoniaux : le choix de la loi applicable

Conference (2012, October)

In this presentation I review the provisions of the EU Draft Proposed Regulation on Matrimonial Property, focusing on the choice of law, in the light of the amendments suggested by the EP. Based on this ... [more ▼]

In this presentation I review the provisions of the EU Draft Proposed Regulation on Matrimonial Property, focusing on the choice of law, in the light of the amendments suggested by the EP. Based on this critical review, I offer some suggestions for amendment of the Draft Proposal. [less ▲]

Innovative green supercritical fluid chromatography development for the separation of neurotransmitters using design space strategy

Conference (2012, October)

A design for living: metaleptic devices and trends of gnostic imagination in contemporary science-fiction

Conference (2012, October)

As a narrative pattern and a cultural motif, the confusion between fictional worlds and reality traditionally leads to metaphysical arguments about liberty and destiny. Despite their drawing heavily on ... [more ▼]

As a narrative pattern and a cultural motif, the confusion between fictional worlds and reality traditionally leads to metaphysical arguments about liberty and destiny. Despite their drawing heavily on scientific imagination and technoscientific artefacts, science fiction movies exploring that theme never really broke with the way it has been treated since Calderon de la Barca’s Life is a dream: the hero’s quest leads him to doubt his own identity and dispute the ontological status of the world he lives in, leaving him and the viewer perplexed as to the ultimate nature of things. Yet, in the last fifteen years, an increasing number of science-fiction movies renewed that interrogation, notably by placing the issue of design at the centre of the plot: fictional worlds are not only denounced as fictional, but also shown as works in progress, literally rebuilt according to the plan of not-so-hidden designers acting as demiurges. In Dark City, Vanilla Sky or, more recently, Inception and The Adjustment Bureau, the emphasis on design and architecture together with the use of computational metaphors result in the promotion of one particular world to the status of “reference” universe, to be held as more “real” than other, fabricated and computed worlds made accessible by sophisticated devices operating as metaleptic instruments (such as Neo’s cable plug or the “bio-ports” in ExistenZ). This paper wishes to explore this shift towards “gnostic", Matrix-like science-fictional narratives, particularly in relation to the dramatic development of networking and surveillance capabilities that occurred during the same period. [less ▲]

Modelling the excavation damaged zone in Callovo-Oxfordian claystone with strain localization

Conference (2012, October)

Gallery excavation in clayey rocks induces stress perturbations that trigger damage propagation. The excavation process creates then the so-called excavation damaged zone in which properties are modified ... [more ▼]

Gallery excavation in clayey rocks induces stress perturbations that trigger damage propagation. The excavation process creates then the so-called excavation damaged zone in which properties are modified. The prediction of the extension and especially of the fracturing structure in this zone remains a crucial issue in the context of underground storage. Since strain localization in shear band mode is frequently observed in experimental works, the excavation damaged zone can be modeled by considering the development of strain localization bands. A hydro-mechanical modelling of a gallery excavation is performed. The numerical results exhibit an excavation damaged zone extension similar to the in situ measurements and provides information about the rock state within this zone. [less ▲]

Optimization of POP analysis in small sample amounts.

Conference (2012, October)

RADIATION SHIELDING OF COMPOSITE SPACE ENCLOSURES

Conference (2012, October)

Space electronic systems employ enclosures to shield sensitive components from space radiation. The purpose of shielding is to attenuate the energy and the flux of ionizing radiation as they pass through ... [more ▼]

Space electronic systems employ enclosures to shield sensitive components from space radiation. The purpose of shielding is to attenuate the energy and the flux of ionizing radiation as they pass through the shield material, such that the energy per unit mass (or dose) absorbed in silicon is sufficiently below the maximum dose ratings of electronic components. The received radiation amount varies significantly depending on several variables that include mission parameters (orbit, altitude, inclination and duration), spacecraft design (spacecraft wall thickness and panel-enclosure location). To achieve the optimum shielding with the minimum weight, all these variables have to be considered in the design. Energetic particles, mainly electrons and protons, can destroy or cause malfunctions in spacecraft electronics. The standard practice in space hardware is the use of aluminium as both a radiation shield and structural enclosure. Composite structures show potential for significant mass savings. However, conventional graphite epoxy composites are not as efficient shielding materials as aluminium because of their lower density, that is, for the same mass, composites provide 30 to 40% less radiation attenuation than aluminium. A solution is to embed high density (atomic weight) material into the laminate. This material, typically metallic material, can be dispersed in the composite or used as layers in the laminate (foils). The main objective of the “Radiation Shielding of Composite Space Enclosures” (SIDER) project is the development of the technologies and tools required to obtain lightweight, safe, robust and reliable composite structures. Two different strategies are being analysed as alternatives for radiation shielding: and he incorporation of a high density material foil. This paper will present and analyse the radiation shielding obtained by the incorporation of nanomaterials in composite structures. [less ▲]

GCxGC-TOFMS for VOC Analyses: Forensic and Medical Applications

Conference (2012, October)

Xérogels de carbone à base de résorcinol-formaldéhyde en tant que matériaux d’anode pour batterie Li-ion : influence de la porosité sur la capacité et le comportement lors des cycles d’insertion-désinsertion

Conference (2012, October)

A large-scale gas injection test in the Meuse/Haute-Marne research laboratory: data analysis and numerical approach

Conference (2012, October)

Transplantation et don d'organes en Belgique

Conference (2012, September 29)

About the diagnosis of acute transfusion-related reaction during cardiopulmonary bypass

Conference (2012, September 29)

Many advances have been realized in the field of blood safety during the last decade: donors’ selection, leukoreduction of packed red blood cells and platelet concentrates, genomic screening of blood ... [more ▼]

Many advances have been realized in the field of blood safety during the last decade: donors’ selection, leukoreduction of packed red blood cells and platelet concentrates, genomic screening of blood-borne diseases, viral and bacterial inactivation process,... However, transfusion of blood components remains unsafe. Therefore, detecting and reporting transfusion-related complications are still essential means for both the patients’ management and the public health approach, since these measures help to adjust preventive measures to be applied in a haemovigilance purpose. Most acute transfusion-related complications occur within minutes or hours after transfusion and require urgent medical care; delayed transfusion reactions may also develop days, even months later, implying a longer follow-up. Transfusion of red blood cells is not infrequent during cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. Symptoms of acute transfusion-related reactions include hypotension, diffuse bleeding, hemoglobinuria and oliguria. These symptoms are identical to those that can be observed during a complicated cardiopulmonary bypass. Consequently, identification of acute transfusion-related reactions in this particular situation is quite difficult and probably leads to an under-reporting of their occurrence. In this paper, we explore how to track acute transfusion-related reactions during cardiopulmonary bypass. Any suspicion of such reactions must leads to investigations, in order to confirm the diagnosis. Their detection would allow to better focus their specific treatment and further their notification in a global blood safety policy. [less ▲]

Ce que les théories du vieillissement "réussi" nous disent sur l'activité de nos aînés

Conference (2012, September 28)

The Double Awareness of Vertigo Comics or Reassessing the Mainstream vs. Independent/Alternative Dichotomy

Conference (2012, September 27)

Isolating the 130.4 nm and 135.6 nm emissions in Ganymede’s aurora using broadband optics

Conference (2012, September 27)

We discuss a technique for isolating the two main Far Ultraviolet emission lines in Ganymede’s aurora by adding flight proven transmission filters to a broad- band, wide-field imager design. We find that ... [more ▼]

We discuss a technique for isolating the two main Far Ultraviolet emission lines in Ganymede’s aurora by adding flight proven transmission filters to a broad- band, wide-field imager design. We find that the ra- tio of OI emissions at 135.6 nm and 130.4 nm can be recovered if the transmission of the filters and other optical elements are well known. This ratio allows constraints to be placed on the relative abundances of O atoms and O2 molecules within Ganymede’s at- mosphere, leading to more accurate models of atmo- spheric composition. [less ▲]

Satellite-induced electron acceleration and related auroras

Conference (2012, September 26)

Satellite-induced auroral emissions are known since decades, in particular those associated with the interaction of Io with the Jovian ionosphere. These emissions range from low frequency radio to UV ... [more ▼]

Satellite-induced auroral emissions are known since decades, in particular those associated with the interaction of Io with the Jovian ionosphere. These emissions range from low frequency radio to UV. Flyby of Io allowed to better understand the power generation close to the satellite, and showed the existence of electron beams accelerated at high latitude. We will present a study of the power transfer between the local interaction at Io and the electron accelerated close to Jupiter. It shows that Alfvén acceleration can explain the morphology and brightness of the Io-related auroraeand the observed accelerated electrons in Io’s wake. The study is extended to the Europa, Ganymede and Enceladus for which auroral emissions have been observed, as well as to Callisto and to the principal inner satellites of Saturn. [less ▲]

La répétition comme fond ou comme figure : une étude de cas

Conference (2012, September 25)

While addressing the matter of the effects of tension produced by repetitive elements in texts, we came across the question of the level of pertinence where such effects would arise. After a brief ... [more ▼]

While addressing the matter of the effects of tension produced by repetitive elements in texts, we came across the question of the level of pertinence where such effects would arise. After a brief investigation of linguistic levels (sounds, words, phrases, sentences) and of semiotic levels (figures, themes, motifs, narrative structures), this approach proved to be of little consequence, seeing as it is possible to find, in each level, examples of repetitions that are relevant and that are irrelevant for the effects under study. Borrowed from the Gestalt theory and the more recent developments in Cognitive Linguistics, the concepts of figure and ground may serve as tools in the research. The level of pertinence is then established through relations, i.e. it is subject to the relative position of the repetitive elements in the whole of the text, as well as in its combination with the other parts of the text. Français : À partir de l'étude des effets de tension produits par les éléments répétitifs dans les textes, la question se pose à propos du niveau de pertinence où ces effets sont ressentis. Cependant, après une brève investigation des niveaux linguistiques (sons, mots, syntagmes, phrases) et des niveaux sémiotiques (figures, thèmes, motifs, structures narratives), la question se trouve dénuée de conséquence, vu qu'il est possible de trouver des répétitions et pertinentes et non pertinentes à chaque niveau. Pour avancer sur ce point, les concepts de fond et figure, empruntés de la théorie de la Gestalt et des nouveaux développements de la Linguistique Cognitive, peuvent servir d'outils. La pertinence de la répétition s’établit alors de manière relationnelle, c'est-à-dire en fonction de la position relative des éléments répétitifs dans le tout et par rapport aux autres parties du texte. [less ▲]

The applications of biodegradable polymers for drug delivery and tissue engineering

Conference (2012, September 25)

Culture and hallucinations: a review of the literature

Conference (2012, September 23)

Societal Vulnerability and self-control : do violent values mediate this relation for boys and girls?

Conference (2012, September 22)

Pour une critique du concept d’empathie : dimensions épistémologique, clinique, et diagnostique

Conference (2012, September 21)

Le concept d’empathie, s’il est très « à la mode », est rarement défini et encore moins souvent critiqué. Nous proposons de discuter de cette définition et de différencier ce concept de celui de sympathie ... [more ▼]

Le concept d’empathie, s’il est très « à la mode », est rarement défini et encore moins souvent critiqué. Nous proposons de discuter de cette définition et de différencier ce concept de celui de sympathie. Différentes propositions issues de la philosophie (notamment la distinction que M. Foucault fait de l’éthique et la morale ou le concept d’« intercorporéité » de M. Merleau-Ponty et M. Henry) nous permettront de formuler une critique du concept d’empathie. En clinique, on peut distinguer deux « types » d’empathie : celle du clinicien (il s’agit de l’empathie à visée méthodologique - conative) et celle du patient (il s’agit de l’empathie à visée diagnostique - implicite). L’empathie à visée méthodologique serait l’un des fondements de la relation clinique et de toutes les pratiques psychothérapeutiques. Néanmoins ce type de compréhension de l’autre présente des limites que nous discuterons. L’empathie à visée diagnostique est un phénomène clinique qui permet de poser un diagnostic. Le concept sera discuté dans le cas de différents troubles psychopathologiques (schizophrénie, psychopathie principalement). [less ▲]

Strategies to decrease bleeding and biliary fistula

Conference (2012, September 21)

Furan formation upon degradation of carbohydrates in combination with proteins and lipids

Conference (2012, September 20)

Zinc hyperaccumulation: a model to examine metal homeostasis in plants

Conference (2012, September 20)

The plant Arabidopsis halleri exhibits naturally selected metal hypertolerance and extraordinarily high levels of leaf metal accumulation. Metal hyperaccumulator species attract interest as they represent ... [more ▼]

The plant Arabidopsis halleri exhibits naturally selected metal hypertolerance and extraordinarily high levels of leaf metal accumulation. Metal hyperaccumulator species attract interest as they represent an extreme end of natural variation of the metal homeostasis network. This might be useful to reveal the global functioning of metal homeostasis networks and uncover key nodes whose alterations can drastically modify metal accumulation and tolerance. In addition, metal hyperaccumulation is a compelling model to study adaptation. In the last few years, major progress has been achieved in our understanding of the mechanisms underlying metal hyperaccumulation in A. halleri. High rates of metal uptake by roots, root-to-shoot translocation and efficient shoot vacuolar sequestration play central roles in determining hyperaccumulation and hypertolerance. Enhanced functions of several metal transporter-encoding genes result from gene copy number amplification and/or (cis)-regulatory changes. We will describe the function of several transporters in zinc and cadmium hyperaccumulation and hypertolerance, and in the adjustment of nutrient homeostasis in A. halleri. Recent work aiming to determine if selection acted during the evolutionary history of A. halleri on a loci required for metal tolerance and accumulation will be presented. [less ▲]

Utriusque sermonis cognatio : la lexicographie bilingue à la fin de l'Antiquité

Conference (2012, September 20)

Dosage sérique des antimycosiques azolés par chromatographie liquide à ultra-haute pression couplée à un détecteur à barrette de diodes. Application au suivi thérapeutique pharmacologique

Conference (2012, September 19)

La Société Fernand De Visscher et le droit romain médiéval dans le cadre du projet IRMAE (Ius Romanum Medii Aevi)

Conference (2012, September 19)

Etat des lieux exploratoire de l’évolution de l’aide juridique de deuxième ligne

Conference (2012, September 18)

Impact du travail sur la santé.

Conference (2012, September 18)

Le rôle du pharmacien comme conseiller en allaitement: perception des étudiants en pharmacie

Conference (2012, September 15)

L’OMS et l’UNICEF recommandent un allaitement maternel exclusif durant les six premiers mois de vie et un allaitement maternel complété jusque deux ans. En Belgique, l’avis du Conseil Supérieur de la ... [more ▼]

L’OMS et l’UNICEF recommandent un allaitement maternel exclusif durant les six premiers mois de vie et un allaitement maternel complété jusque deux ans. En Belgique, l’avis du Conseil Supérieur de la Santé relatif à la vente exclusive en pharmacie des préparations pour nourrissons (2008) souligne « l’importance d’un conseil éclairé de la part d’un universitaire sensibilisé et formé aux problématiques de santé et de nutrition ». Le pharmacien, par le contact fréquent qu’il a avec les jeunes parents, peut donc jouer un rôle dans l’allaitement. Cette étude vise à explorer la perception du rôle du pharmacien comme conseiller en allaitement. Cinquante-trois étudiants de dernière année de pharmacie de l’Université de Liège ont complété un questionnaire incluant des questions relatives à leurs perceptions, leur niveau de connaissances et leur expérience en matière d’allaitement, ainsi qu’une échelle d’attitude vis-à-vis de l’alimentation du nourrisson, l’IIFAS (Iowa Infant Feeding Attitude Scale). 92% des étudiants pensent que le pharmacien a un rôle (très) important à jouer comme conseiller en allaitement à différents niveaux (recommandations, prise de médicaments, lait artificiel,…), et 77% estiment qu’il peut influencer les décisions prises par les mères, même si l’officine n’apparaît pas toujours comme un lieu propice pour répondre en toute discrétion aux questions posées (41%). Bien que l’expérience professionnelle et personnelle des étudiants soit faible, leur attitude est plutôt favorable à l’allaitement maternel selon l’échelle IIFAS (score de 61.25 ± 7.17). Toutefois, les étudiants évaluent globalement leur niveau de connaissance comme faible à très faible (insuffisance de lait maternel, stimulation de la lactation, utilisation du tire-lait, conservation du lait maternel, stérilisation des biberons,…). Les futurs pharmaciens estiment avoir un rôle de conseiller important en matière d’allaitement, mais il y aurait lieu de renforcer leur curriculum de formation actuel pour leur permettre de remplir adéquatement, en officine, ce rôle de conseiller auprès des parents. [less ▲]

Vom "Reichsbeauftragten für Eupen-Malmedy" zum Staatssekretär der Regierung Adenauer: Franz Thedieck (1900-1995)

Conference (2012, September 15)

Compensating for Doppler effect in satellite D-STAR radiocommunications: On-board and on-the-ground solutions

Conference (2012, September 14)

A major issue in the design of a D-STAR radiocommunication system for a satellite is the issue of Doppler shift compensation. We describe the various constraints we faced, and the solutions we implemented ... [more ▼]

A major issue in the design of a D-STAR radiocommunication system for a satellite is the issue of Doppler shift compensation. We describe the various constraints we faced, and the solutions we implemented on-board and on the ground for the OUFTI-1 nanosatellite system. [less ▲]

Status of on-board radiocommunication system of OUFTI-1 nanosatellite as of mid-2012: design, implementation, and tests

Conference (2012, September 14)

We describe the space-segment component of the radiocommunication system of the OUFTI-1 nanosatellite system, providing D-STAR digital voice & data communication, AX.25 telecommand & telemetry, and OOK ... [more ▼]

We describe the space-segment component of the radiocommunication system of the OUFTI-1 nanosatellite system, providing D-STAR digital voice & data communication, AX.25 telecommand & telemetry, and OOK beacon transmissions. [less ▲]

Error distribution function for parametrically truncated and censored data

Conference (2012, September 14)

"Echos en série : formes et enjeux de la réplique dans The Wire"

Conference (2012, September 13)

Territorial Politics in inter and intra-party competition. Insights from Belgium

Conference (2012, September 13)

In territorial politics, political parties are key actors – be it state-wide or regionalist parties – for constitutional reforms underlying regionalisation or federalisation processes. From the agenda ... [more ▼]

In territorial politics, political parties are key actors – be it state-wide or regionalist parties – for constitutional reforms underlying regionalisation or federalisation processes. From the agenda-setting to the implementation of the reforms, they aggregate and catalyse territorial/national interest in order (not) to enable institutional reforms. In most representative democracies under such regionalist pressures – such as the Belgian case we explore, it is however individual MPs that ultimately vote the constitutional reforms. Of course, party discipline strongly constrains MPs’ freedom and frames parliamentary behaviour. The literature thus often explores territorial politics from a macro-perspective – political parties’ positions – rather than at a micro level – individual MPs. Yet, exploring MPs’ views on constitutional reforms bring interesting perspectives on intra-party dynamics complementing inter-party approaches. What explains MPs’ preferences on constitutional reforms? To explore this question, we surveyed every representative of Belgium’s six legislative assemblies with a standardized questionnaire (Summer 2011). We hypothesize that ethno-linguistic identity and party affiliation are strong variables explaining MPs’ preferences but that candidates’ attributes – be it (multi-level) former political experience, gender, political generation, or district origins – should also be taken into account. Based on the Belgian case study, this research will help us apprehend the rationale behind political elites’ attitudes negotiating the new boundaries of the state and above all shed light on territorial politics in Europe. [less ▲]

Autofill remote storage form on the OPAC holdings page

Conference (2012, September 13)

A big part of our library collections are located in a remote storage which is about 12 km from its managing library. Until recently, the only way to request a volume was by filling in a paper form at a ... [more ▼]

A big part of our library collections are located in a remote storage which is about 12 km from its managing library. Until recently, the only way to request a volume was by filling in a paper form at a library desk. The form was then faxed to the remote storage whose staff treated the request and delivered the ordered item to the pickup library. This workflow forced patrons to go to the library desk, no remote request was allowed. In order to modernize the workflow, we wanted to implement Aleph remote storage functionalities. We found it not so easy to set up and were faced moreover with two additional problems: we wanted to allow patrons to request (1) some items which are not in a remote storage and (2) serial issues from older collections which had never been itemized and so could not be requested through the traditional Aleph functionalities. Therefore, we set up a PHP form that any registered patron can call from the OPAC holding page (item-global) and that automatically contains patron information, bibliographic information and item details (location, call number, description, status, barcode). The patron just needs to select the appropriate pickup library before the form is sent by e-mail to the remote storage. That form can be used for any location (not necessarily for volumes located in a remote storage) and for serial holdings with few itemized volumes (a Z30 is not required to make a request). [less ▲]

Pierre Bruegel l'Ancien ou l'art de critiquer sans s'exposer. Un siècle d'interrogations sur deux tableaux célèbres : le "Dénombrement de Bethléem" et le "Massacre des innocents"

Conference (2012, September 13)

L'emploi des jeunes d'origine étrangère peu qualifiés (joepq) en Belgique. Phase exploratoire

Conference (2012, September 12)

Ce document s'inscrit dans le cadre de la Chaire diversité et innovations sociales qui est un partenariat entre HEC-Liège (EGiD) et l’Université d’Hasselt (SEIN). Mobistar, GDF-Suez Electrabel et B ... [more ▼]

Ce document s'inscrit dans le cadre de la Chaire diversité et innovations sociales qui est un partenariat entre HEC-Liège (EGiD) et l’Université d’Hasselt (SEIN). Mobistar, GDF-Suez Electrabel et B-Holding (la Société Nationale des Chemins de fer Belge- SNCB) collaborent à cette recherche. Ma recherche se focalise sur l'emploi des jeunes d’origine étrangère peu qualifiés (JOEPQ) en Belgique abordé sous l’angle de la gestion. Ce document est le fruit d'entretiens exploratoires menés auprès de quatre agents d'insertion qui travaillent directement avec mon public-cible à Bruxelles. [less ▲]

Sedimentary development and correlation of Mid-Late Devonian fore-reef deposits from Central Europe

Conference (2012, September 12)

INTRODUCTION: Despite the interest for the reconstruction of environmental changes over a long period of time, long-term successions have been relatively poorly investigated using a mutli-disciplinary ... [more ▼]

INTRODUCTION: Despite the interest for the reconstruction of environmental changes over a long period of time, long-term successions have been relatively poorly investigated using a mutli-disciplinary approach compared to short-term intervals such as Kačák, Taghanic, punctata, Kellwasser and Hangenberg events. Recently, BOULVAIN et al. (2010) compared two km-thick Eifelian-Frasnian sections from Belgium and Czeck Republic using magnetic susceptibility (SM) technique. Regardless the very different background of palaeogeography, sedimentary rate, facies and local sea-level changes history, a remarkable similarity in the MS trends can be observed between these two sections. These similarities brought questions on the nature of the long-term forcing parameters that were active at the inter-regional scale. In order to get a better understanding of the factors responsible of the inter-regional forcing, a detailed records of microfacies observations, MS measurements, selected trace and major elemental concentrations and conodonts biostratigraphy have been performed on two Middle to Upper Devonian successions from Germany (Sauerland, Burgberg) and Austria (Carnics Alps, Freikofel). CONODONT BIOSTRATIGRAPHY: In the Burgberg section, conodont biostratigraphy allowed us to confirm that the studied section extend from the Middle Givetian to the Lower Carboniferous. In the Freikofel section, it allowed to precisely identify the Eifelian-Givetian and the Frasnian-Famennian boundaries. SEDIMENTOLOGY: The field and microfacies observations allowed us to reconstruct the sedimentary environment and to highlight several major variations of this environment. In the Middle Devonian, both sections are mainly characterized by fore-reef sediments. In the Burgberg section, those fore-reef sediments, mainly correspond to bioclastic grainstone and rudstone related to gravity flow deposits derived from the shallow-water area. In the Freikofel section, the fore-reef area is dominated by breccia sediments suggesting a strong debris flow influence. Through the Upper Devonian the sedimentary setting evolves to an off-reef pelagic environment in both sections and even a basinal setting in the Burgberg section. Sediments are then dominated by thin-bedded and nodular limestone. In this Upper Devonian part, locally both sections, debris coming from the shallow-water area are still observed (suggestion: Even in the Upper Devonian, occasionally debris deriving from shallow water areas has been observed in both sections. MAGNETIC SUSCEPTIBILITY AND GEOCHEMISTRY: The mean MS values for the Burgberg and Freikofel sections are respectively 1,88x10-8m³/kg and 7,72x10-9m³/kg. Compared to the MSmarine standard of 5.5x10-8m³/kg defined by ELLWOOD et al. (2011) on the basis of ~11,000 marine rocks samples, our values are low, mostly in the Freikofel section, which could indicate a low terrestrial influx seaward during the Middle and Upper Devonian. Regarding the magnetic susceptibility curves from these two sections, several large-scaled trends can be highlighted. The evolution curves of some selected clastic input proxies such as Zr, Si, Al, Ti, Sr display similar large-scaled trends. This indicates that clastic input proxies and MS are inherently linked and MS techniques can thus be used here as a proxi for changes in source or amount or type of weathering (RIQUIER et al. 2010). Most of the long-term MS variations occurring in both sections are interpreted as being related to second order eustatic variations (T-R Cycles). Through this multi-disciplinary investigation, we would like to get a better idea on the causes of long-term trends in MS variations and to document the sedimentary changes in response to these long-term variations. Further aim is to develop the application of MS techniques as a correlation tools. BOULVAIN, F., DA SILVA, A-C., MABILLE, C., HLADIL, J., GERSL, M., KOPTIKOVA, L., SCHONABL P., 2010. Magnetic susceptibility correlation of km-thick Eifelian-Frasnian sections (Ardennes and Moravia). Geologica Belgica, 13/4, 309-318. ELLWOOD, B.B., ALGEO, T.J., EL HASSANI, A., TOMKIN, J.H., ROWE, H.D., 2011. Defining the timing and duration of Kačák Interval within the Eifelian/Givetian boundary GSSP, Mech Irdane, Morocco, using geochemical and magnetic susceptibility patterns. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 304, 74-84. RIQUIER, L., AVERBUCH, O., DEVLEESCHOUWER, X., TRIBOVILLARD, N., 2010. Diagenetic versus detrital origin of the magnetic susceptibility variations in some carbonate Frasnian-Famennian boundary sections from Northern Africa and Western Europe: implications for palaeoenvironmental reconstructions. International Journal of Earth Sciences, 99, 57-73. [less ▲]

Some calcareous grasslands plant species harbor higher reproductive performances in restored habitats compared to reference habitats

Conference (2012, September 11)

Future projections of the Greenland ice sheet surface mass balance simulated by the regional climate model MAR forced by three CMIP5 global models.

Conference (2012, September 11)

As part of the ICE2SEA project, the regional climate model MAR was forced by the global models HadCM3 and ECHAM5 for making future projections of the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) Surface Mass Balance (SMB ... [more ▼]

As part of the ICE2SEA project, the regional climate model MAR was forced by the global models HadCM3 and ECHAM5 for making future projections of the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) Surface Mass Balance (SMB) over 1980-2099 at a resolution of 25km. However, the comparison with MAR forced by the ERA-40 reanalysis over 1980-1999 shows that MAR forced by these GCMs is not able to represent reliably the current SMB due to biases in the general circulation and in the free atmosphere summer temperature modelled by these GCMs around the GrIS. That is why, we present here first results of MAR forced by the next generation of GCMs from the CMIP5 data base (CanESM2, NorESM1 and MIROC5 here). The comparison with the ERA-INTERIM forced MAR simulations over current climate is a lot of better, which increases the reliability and the interest of these new MAR projections. In addition, the new scenarios (RCP 2.6, 4.5, 6.0 and 8.5) of the next IPCC Assessment Report (AR5) are used here. These new simulations show notably that the response of SMB to rising temperature is not a linear function of the temperature anomalies due to the positive albedo feedback which enhances the surface melt. For 2100, in case of extreme rising temperature (RCP 8.5 scenario), MAR simulates a surface GrIS mass loss corresponding to a cumulated sea level rise (SLR) of about 15 cm since 2000! Mainly the changes in SMB and in surface energy balance will be discussed here and estimations of the GrIS surface melt contribution to the SLR using all the CMIP5 outputs will be given. [less ▲]

A severe drop in Eurasian ichthyosaur diversity prior to their late Cenomanian extinction: local or global signal?

Conference (2012, September 11)

During the last decade, our knowledge of the taxonomic diversity of the Early Cretaceous ichthyosaurs (Mesozoic marine reptiles) has increased significantly, with the recognition of new species, genera ... [more ▼]

During the last decade, our knowledge of the taxonomic diversity of the Early Cretaceous ichthyosaurs (Mesozoic marine reptiles) has increased significantly, with the recognition of new species, genera, and subfamilies from Canada, Europe, and Russia. New data from England, France, and western Russia suggest ichthyosaurs remained diverse and abundant in western Eurasian marine ecosystems up to the late Albian–early Cenomanian, with the co-occurrence of three to four taxa occupying two to three distinct ecological niches in each formation considered (Cambridge Greensand Member, England; Marnes Bleues Formation, France; Stoïlensky quarry, Russia). However, the overlying formations (middle–late Cenomanian), consisting of chalk or glauconiferous sands, have yielded a very depauperate ichthyosaur fauna. These ichthyosaur assemblages are monospecific and comprise medium to large-sized, presumably opportunistic predators belonging the genus Platypterygius. This suggests a severe drop in ichthyosaur diversity some 5 millions years before their final extinction, which presumably occurred at or near the Cenomanian–Turonian boundary. However, it is difficult to know if this pattern is biased or genuine: the diversity drop may very well be an effect of preservational/ecological biases as well as a genuine extinction linked to the profound environmental changes occurring during the Cenomanian. The presence of similar impoverished assemblages in Cenomanian sediments worldwide favours the latter hypothesis, but the question remains open for now. [less ▲]