Elastic properties of the oesophageal wall in the dynamic measurement of intrathoracic pressure in cattle

in Research in Veterinary Science (1984), 37(3), 366-367

The elastance of the midthoracic portion of the oesophagus was measured in 14 healthy Dutch Friesians. These were divided into three groups with mean ages of six, 126 and 1636 days, respectively. Mean ... [more ▼]

The elastance of the midthoracic portion of the oesophagus was measured in 14 healthy Dutch Friesians. These were divided into three groups with mean ages of six, 126 and 1636 days, respectively. Mean elastance was 0.17, 0.10 and 0.06 kPa ml-1, respectively. The calculated percentage of error, in relating the endoesophageal pressure with that in the thorax, was found to be smaller than 1 per cent for each animal. [less ▲]

Des-, syn- and anti-oxyimino-delta 3-cephalosporins. Intrinsic reactivity and reaction with RTEM-2 serine beta-lactamase and D-alanyl-D-alanine-cleaving serine and Zn2+-containing peptidases

in Biochemical Journal (1984), 218(3), 933-937

The presence and configuration (syn or anti) of an oxyimino group in the 7 (beta)-acyl side chain of 3-cephems do not modify the intrinsic reactivity of the beta-lactam ring, but have highly enzyme ... [more ▼]

The presence and configuration (syn or anti) of an oxyimino group in the 7 (beta)-acyl side chain of 3-cephems do not modify the intrinsic reactivity of the beta-lactam ring, but have highly enzyme-specific effects. When compared with the corresponding desoxyimino beta-lactam compound: (i) with the plasmid-mediated Escherichia coli RTEM-2 serine beta-lactamase, the substrate activity of the anti isomer is increased and that of the syn isomer is decreased; (ii) with the Streptomyces R61 serine D-alanyl-D-alanine cleaving peptidase (a highly penicillin-sensitive enzyme), the rate of enzyme acylation is not or only little affected when the oxyimino group is in the syn configuration, but is decreased when the oxyimino group is in the anti configuration; (iii) with the Actinomadura R39 serine D-alanyl-D-alanine-cleaving peptidase (an exceedingly highly penicillin-sensitive enzyme), the rate of enzyme acylation is unaffected whatever the configuration of the substituent. The oxidation of the sulphur atom of the dihydrothiazine ring on the beta-face of the molecule makes it both a poorer inactivator of the DD-peptidases and a poorer substrate of the beta-lactamase. The Streptomyces albus G Zn2+-containing D-alanyl-D-alanine-cleaving peptidase (a highly penicillin-resistant enzyme) remains highly resistant to all compounds tested. [less ▲]

On the accuracy of the reduction of UVBY photometry

in Astronomy and Astrophysics (1984), 132

By simulating uvby observations under various conditions, an analysis has been made of the precision reachable by a photometric reduction algorithm proposed in an earlier paper (Manfroid and Heck, 1983 ... [more ▼]

By simulating uvby observations under various conditions, an analysis has been made of the precision reachable by a photometric reduction algorithm proposed in an earlier paper (Manfroid and Heck, 1983). The influence of variations in parameters, such as the number of nights or the number of standard stars, is discussed. It is shown how the grouping of nights in the reduction procedure allows the observer to spend less time on standard stars measurements, while improving the accuracy of the results. The difficulty of giving a realistic value for the precision of the reductions in actual conditions is stressed. The inclusion of secondary standards is also recommended. [less ▲]

The global distribution of thermospheric odd nitrogen for solstice conditions during solar cycle minimum

in Journal of Geophysical Research (1984), 89

A two-dimensional model of odd nitrogen in the thermosphere and upper mesosphere is described. The global distributions of nitric oxide and atomic nitrogen are calculated for the solstice period for quiet ... [more ▼]

A two-dimensional model of odd nitrogen in the thermosphere and upper mesosphere is described. The global distributions of nitric oxide and atomic nitrogen are calculated for the solstice period for quiet and moderate magnetic activity during the solar minimum period. The effect of thermospheric transport by winds is investigated along with the importance of particle-induced ionization in the auroral zones. The results are compared with rocket and satellite measurements, and the sensitivity of the model to eddy diffusion and neutral winds is investigated. Downward fluxes of NO into the mesosphere are given, and their importance for stratospheric ozone is discussed. The results show that the summer-to-winter pole meridional circulation transports both NO and N(S-4) across the solar terminator into the polar night region where there is a downward vertical transport toward the mesosphere. The model shows that odd nitrogen densities at high winter latitudes are entirely controlled by particle precipitation and transport processes. [less ▲]

Lecture/écriture en 4e année (première partie)

in Revue de la Direction Générale de l’Organisation des Etudes (1984)

Structural Path Analysis and Multiplier Decomposition within a Social Accounting Matrix Framework

in Economic Journal (1984), 94

Période photométriqe de l'étoile Ap HR 3831

in Astronomy and Astrophysics (1984), 131

From 32 observations made in February 1977, in the uvby system, a photometric period P = 1.428 + or - 0.005 day was previously found for the A7p SrCrEu star HR 3831 = HD 83368. A series of 26 measurements ... [more ▼]

From 32 observations made in February 1977, in the uvby system, a photometric period P = 1.428 + or - 0.005 day was previously found for the A7p SrCrEu star HR 3831 = HD 83368. A series of 26 measurements in December 1975, a few measurements in December 1978, both also in the Stromgren system, and the measurements recently published by Kurtz (1982) in B and V (Johnson system) improve the precision on P. The value obtained is P = 1.42602 + or - 0.00006 day. The photometric variations with this period are displayed. As found previously, a null-wavelength appears in the blue. Kurtz's suggestion that the photometric period is equal to twice the value above does not seem to be justified; however, other considerations favor a rotation period equal to twice the photometric one. [less ▲]

Theoretical study of the C-N bond breakage catalyzed by the serine peptidases

in Journal of Molecular Structure : Theochem (1984), 16

The conditions of C---N bond breakage by the serine peptidases have been analysed. A two-way table has been generated where either formamide or protonated formamide serves as minimal model of the scissile ... [more ▼]

The conditions of C---N bond breakage by the serine peptidases have been analysed. A two-way table has been generated where either formamide or protonated formamide serves as minimal model of the scissile C---N bond and where either methanol or the couple CH3O− H+ serves as minimal model of the attacking nucleophile. An addition-elimination reaction is proposed which links the enzyme acylation and deacylation steps. [less ▲]

Pulmonary function testing in calves : technical data

in American Journal of Veterinary Research (1984), 45(2), 342-345

Measurements of airflow (V), tidal volume (Vt), and intrapleural pressure (Ppl) were tested for accuracy in 5 healthy Dutch Friesian calves with an average body weight of 153 kg. A face mask was ... [more ▼]

Measurements of airflow (V), tidal volume (Vt), and intrapleural pressure (Ppl) were tested for accuracy in 5 healthy Dutch Friesian calves with an average body weight of 153 kg. A face mask was constructed, using fiberglass and polyester, taking into account the typical facial morphology of the calf. It was tested for airtightness, dead space, laminarity of the expiratory V, and absence of saliva into the pneumotachograph. Three different systems for measuring Ppl (pleura puncturing, esophageal balloon catheter, and esophageal saline solution-filled catheter) were tested in vitro, in a Woulfe's flask, and in vivo, in the 5 calves previously described. Moreover, Ppl measured at 3 different puncture sites of the thorax and at 3 different thoracic positions of the esophagus were compared. The frequency-response was flat to 5 Hz for the intrapleural needle and the balloon catheter, but not for the saline solution-filled catheter. The pulmonary function values obtained by puncture of the pleura at the right 9th intercostal space on a line running from the tuber coxae to the shoulder joint and by the esophageal balloon catheter, the balloon being positioned between the crossing point with the aorta and the 2 largest caudal mediastinal lymph nodes, did not differ significantly. The Ppl changes during normal breathing were greatest in the ventral site of the thorax and in the caudal thoracic portion of the esophagus, less in the dorsal site of the thorax and the middle thoracic portion of the esophagus, and least in the cranial site of the thorax and the cranial thoracic portion of the esophagus. When the balloon was positioned between the crossing point with the aorta and the 2 largest caudal mesiastinal lymph nodes, Ppl recordings showed a twice smaller variability than with the 2 other esophageal positions. [less ▲]

Les encodeurs portables: une nouvelle voie pour l'enregistrement electronique des donnees en foret.

in Schweizerische Zeitschrift für Forstwesen = Journal Forestier Suisse (1984), 135(1), 27-35

Tragbare Datenregistriergeräte gleichen kleinen Rechenmaschinen; sie weisen eine grosse Speicherkapazität auf und können direkt mit einem Computer gekoppelt werden. Dieses System zur Datenerfassung ... [more ▼]

Tragbare Datenregistriergeräte gleichen kleinen Rechenmaschinen; sie weisen eine grosse Speicherkapazität auf und können direkt mit einem Computer gekoppelt werden. Dieses System zur Datenerfassung reduziert die Fehler bei der Codierung und der Kontrolle gegenüber den bisherigen Methoden. Zudem wird die Zeitspanne zwischen der Datenerfassung und der Auswertung wesentlich verkürzt. Nach unseren Erfahrungen sind die Datenregistriergeräte einfach in der Handhabung und eignen sich für zahlreiche forstliche Anwendungen. [less ▲]

Efficacite contre de Ditylenchus dipsaci (Kuhn) Fil. De nematicides incorpores dans l'enrobage de graines de feverole (Vicia faba L.).

in Mededelingen (Rijksuniversiteit te Gent. Fakulteit van de Landbouwkundige en Toegepaste Biologische Wetenschappen) (1984), 49(2b), 635-641

Compte rendu de J. Kollesch, D. Nickel, Antike Heilkunst. Ausgewählte Texte aus dem medizinischen Schrifttum der Griechen und Römer, Leipzig, 1979

in Antiquité Classique : Revue Interuniversitaire d'Etudes Classiques (1984), 53

A propos des substances toxiques recherchées dans les poudres à éternuer

in Journal de Pharmacie de Belgique (1984), 39(4), 233-237

Poisoning due to sneezing powders made it necessary to control commercialized samples to detect possible presence of toxic products such as poisonous plants ( Veratrum sp., Helleborus viridis, Quillaja sp ... [more ▼]

Poisoning due to sneezing powders made it necessary to control commercialized samples to detect possible presence of toxic products such as poisonous plants ( Veratrum sp., Helleborus viridis, Quillaja sp....) or synthetic chemicals (benzidine, dianisidine, o-nitrobenzaldehyde). The authors give a summary of analytical and toxicological data. results of experiments on samples collected in belgium are also provided. [less ▲]

On the structural analogy between D-alanyl-D-alanine terminated peptides and beta-lactam antibiotics

in European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry (1984), 4

Structural analogy between D-alanyl-D-alanine terminated peptides (and analogues) of varying substrate activity toward D-alanyl-D-alanine-cleaving peptidases, and bicyclic fused ring azetidinone ... [more ▼]

Structural analogy between D-alanyl-D-alanine terminated peptides (and analogues) of varying substrate activity toward D-alanyl-D-alanine-cleaving peptidases, and bicyclic fused ring azetidinone structures of varying inactivating potency toward the same enzymes has been exa-mihed by comparing the relative spatial disposition of the carboxylate function at the C-terminal position and the amide function at the N-terminal position with respect to the scissile amide bond at the central position. The observed variations in the geometric parameters and the molecular electrostatic potential maps generated by these functional groups suggest multiple modes of binding. In the monobactam sulfazecin, the relative disposition of at least the scissile amide bond and the terminal sulphamate group is comparable to that of the corresponding functions in the bicyclic β-lactams. [less ▲]

Phosphate derivatives of thiamine and Na-channel in conducting membranes

in Journal of Neurochemistry (1984), 43

Functional study of human tonsillar follicular dendritic cells.

in Acta Oto-Rhino-Laryngologica Belgica (1984), 38(3), 278-87

Follicular dendritic cells (FDC) isolated from human tonsils and adenoids appear as round clusters where the FDC surround lymphoid cells. Using fluorescein and colloidal gold labelled antibodies we ... [more ▼]

Follicular dendritic cells (FDC) isolated from human tonsils and adenoids appear as round clusters where the FDC surround lymphoid cells. Using fluorescein and colloidal gold labelled antibodies we determined their surface antigens, the immunoglobulins they fix and the cells they envelope. Isolated FDC react with specific anti-FDC antibodies but also with an anti-monocyte/macrophage antibody and with anti-HLA-DR antibodies. They retain IgG, IgM, IgA and IgE but not IgD immunoglobulins; this retention occurs, according to our results, via their Fc and C3b receptors. The cells they envelope are mainly B cells, but also occasionally T helper cells. T suppressor cells were only rarely found in contact with FDC. We suggest that FDC create a micro-environment favourable to the proliferation and differentiation of B cells during the humoral response. [less ▲]

Glipizide increases plasma insulin but not C-peptide level after a standardized breakfast in type 2 diabetic patients.

in European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology (1984), 26(4), 471-4

Peripheral blood glucose, plasma insulin and C-peptide levels were investigated after giving a standardized breakfast (500 kcal, 60 g carbohydrates) to 10 nonobese Type 2 diabetic patients previously ... [more ▼]

Peripheral blood glucose, plasma insulin and C-peptide levels were investigated after giving a standardized breakfast (500 kcal, 60 g carbohydrates) to 10 nonobese Type 2 diabetic patients previously treated by diet alone. Each patient received at random, at 1 week intervals, either 5 mg glipizide (meal + glipizide) or a placebo (meal alone) 30 min before breakfast. Basal values of blood glucose, plasma insulin and C-peptide were similar on both occasions. After meal + glipizide, the blood glucose increase was sharply limited whereas the rise in plasma insulin was steeper and reached twice as high a level. In contrast, the rise in plasma C-peptide was similar in both conditions. Consequently, the areas under the curves (0-300 min) showed a marked reduction in blood glucose after meal + glipizide (2289 +/- 149 versus 3101 +/- 169 mmol X min/1; 2p less than 0.001), associated with a significant increase in plasma insulin (14219 +/- 3261 versus 7591 +/- 1173 microU X min/ml; 2p less than 0.025) but no significant change in plasma C-peptide (342 +/- 45 versus 326 +/- 34 pmol X min/ml; N.S.). The insulin/C-peptide molar ratio was thus significantly increased after meal + glipizide (0.41 +/- 0.06 versus 0.23 +/- 0.04 at the 60th min; 2p less than 0.02). The dissociation between the responses of insulin and C-peptide suggests that a single dose of 5 mg glipizide in Type 2 diabetic subjects may enhance availability of peripheral insulin by extrapancreatic mechanism(s). This phenomenon may result in a higher circulating level of the hormone and therefore represent a further mode of action of sulphonylureas.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) [less ▲]

Cloning and structure analysis of the rat apolipoprotein A-I cDNA

in European Journal of Biochemistry (1984), 140(3), 493-8

Apolipoprotein A-I, the major protein in mammalian high-density lipoprotein, acts as a cofactor for lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase during the formation of cholesterol ester and as such, is thought ... [more ▼]

Apolipoprotein A-I, the major protein in mammalian high-density lipoprotein, acts as a cofactor for lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase during the formation of cholesterol ester and as such, is thought to promote cholesterol efflux from peripheral cells to the liver. In this paper, we report the partial purification of rat liver apolipoprotein A-I mRNA by a polysome immunoadsorption technique, and its cDNA cloning. Isolation of two overlapping cDNA clones enabled us to derive the whole rat apolipoprotein A-I cDNA coding sequence. Comparison of the deduced protein sequence with its human counterpart reveals a striking homology between the prepropeptide precursors. Both mature protein amino-terminal regions are very homologous, suggesting that this particular domain could be involved in lipid/protein binding or lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase activation. [less ▲]

Metabolic alterations after a two-hour nocturnal interruption of a continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion.

in Diabetes Care (1984), 7(4), 338-42

In order to evaluate the metabolic consequences of a 2-h nocturnal interruption of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII), seven insulin-dependent diabetic patients without residual insulin ... [more ▼]

In order to evaluate the metabolic consequences of a 2-h nocturnal interruption of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII), seven insulin-dependent diabetic patients without residual insulin secretion were investigated. The changes in blood glucose, plasma free insulin, glucagon, free fatty acids, and 3-hydroxybutyrate (3 OH-B) concentrations have been compared during two randomized tests carried out either during the normal functioning of a Mill-Hill pump from 10 p.m. to 8 a.m. (1.00 +/- 0.06 U insulin/h, keeping adequate metabolic control) or during the same conditions but with a deliberate arrest of the pump between 11 p.m. and 1 a.m. Considering the value recorded at 11 p.m. as reference, interruption of the insulin infusion resulted in: (1) a rapid (already significant after 1 h) and sustained (maximal fall: --12.5 +/- 2.5 mU/L at 3 a.m.) decrease in plasma free insulin; (2) a delayed (significant after 4 h) and linear rise in blood glucose (maximal increase: + 4.0 +/- 1.3 mmol/L at 5 a.m.); (3) an early (significant at midnight) and prolonged rise in plasma free fatty acids (+ 387 +/- 148 mumol/L at 3 a.m.); (4) a delayed (significant after 3 h) and sustained increase in plasma 3 OH-B (+ 347 +/- 88 mumol/L at 3 a.m.); and (5) no significant changes in plasma glucagon. Thus, a 2-h interruption of CSII in resting nocturnal conditions is sufficient to induce significant, delayed, and sustained metabolic alterations in C-peptide-negative patients despite good baseline blood glucose control. Resetting the pump at its basal rate is insufficient to quickly restore adequate circulating insulin levels and effectively counteract the metabolic disturbances. The efficacy of a bolus insulin injection in these conditions should be evaluated. [less ▲]

Les institutions d'hébergement pour personnes handicapés mentales adultes exercent-elles une influence sur les capacités d'autonomie et d'intégration social de leurs résidents ?

in International Journal of Rehabilitation Research (1984), 7(4), 409-418

Epitopes of BLV glycoprotein gp51 recognized by sera infected cattle and sheep

in Leukemia Research (1984), 8

Evolution of perinatal mortality in 4 maternal health centers in the Walloon region from 1977 to 1982]

in Revue Médicale de Liège (1984), 39

Children's interpretation of referential ambiguities and pragmatic inference

in Journal of Child Language (1984), 11(3), 665-672

Estimation de la surface forestière Wallonne par comptage de points.

in Bulletin de la Societe Royale Forestiere de Belgique (1984), 91(4), 150-158

The total forest area of Walloonia (south part of Belgium) has been estimated by a dot grid method which consists in counting the number of dots that fall within the boundaries of the forests drawn on ... [more ▼]

The total forest area of Walloonia (south part of Belgium) has been estimated by a dot grid method which consists in counting the number of dots that fall within the boundaries of the forests drawn on maps. All the concerned points were counted and their assignment have been checked on the field (grid of 1000 m x 500 m). According to this method 530.350 hectares should be covered by the forest. [less ▲]

Immunoreactive trypsin in the adult respiratory distress syndrome

in Intensive Care Medicine (1984), 10

Pion form factor and the Klein-Gordon equation

in Physical Review. C : Nuclear Physics (1984), 30

Essai synécologique sur les micromammifères d'Europe atlantique et ouest méditerranéenne: étude par analyse du régime alimentaire de Tyto alba (Scopoli)

in Cahiers d'Ethologie (1984), 4(2), 1-202

Methods: owl pellets in Belgium, Corsica and in East Pyrenees. Quality of the samples: exhaustivity and representativity. Habitat evaluation in the barn owl home range: climate, orography, vegetation ... [more ▼]

Methods: owl pellets in Belgium, Corsica and in East Pyrenees. Quality of the samples: exhaustivity and representativity. Habitat evaluation in the barn owl home range: climate, orography, vegetation. Discussion for the method. Landscape structure and the mammal communities. Interspecific competition in island biocoenoses. [less ▲]

Texture of manganese nodules used as a catalyst for demetalizing and desulfurizing petroleum residua

in Colloids and Surfaces A : Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects (1984), 11

Unimolecular Decay Paths of Electronically Excited Species. V. The A2B1 State of H2CO+

in Journal of Chemical Physics (1984), 81

Compte rendu de I. Mazzini, G. Flammini, De conceptu. Estratti di un'antica traduzione latina del Peri gynaikeiôn pseudoippocratico l. I, Bologna, 1983

in Etudes Classiques (Namur, Belgium) (1984), 52

Colour rendering and spectral power distribution: a new parametric approach

in Lighting Research & Technology (1984), 16 (3)

L'estimation du volume de peuplements de hêtres au moyen de tarifs de cubage de peuplements.K

in Bulletin de la Société Royale Forestière de Belgique = Tijdschrift van de Koninklijke Belgische Bosbouwmaatschappij (1984), 91e année(6), 221-229

Various types of stand volume tables have been constructed for beech stands (Fagus sylvatica L.) in the southern part of Belgium. Volumes per hectare are calculated to 10 specified top girths. They are ... [more ▼]

Various types of stand volume tables have been constructed for beech stands (Fagus sylvatica L.) in the southern part of Belgium. Volumes per hectare are calculated to 10 specified top girths. They are based upon basal area and top height. [less ▲]

Vascular factors in the pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia: recent findings

in Revue Française de Gynécologie et d'Obstétrique (1984), 79(4), 249-252

Normal, rigid and fibrotic utero-placental arteries are resistant to the action of circulating vaso-motor substances. In contrast, the persistence and the hyperplasia of smooth muscle fibres result in a ... [more ▼]

Normal, rigid and fibrotic utero-placental arteries are resistant to the action of circulating vaso-motor substances. In contrast, the persistence and the hyperplasia of smooth muscle fibres result in a reduced flow in the intervillous compartment and a sensitivity of the vessels to vaso-constrictor substances. These lesions, which develop after the twentieth week, provide the necessary conditions for the subsequent development of the characteristic vicious cycles of eclampsia. [less ▲]

Trente ans d'urbanisme dans la Métropole Liégeoise

in Bulletin de la Société Géographique de Liège (1984), (20), 43-59

The Liege area is a pilot region as far as town and country planning in Belgium is concerned. Furthermore, most of the planning docu¬ments that determined its development were not those specified by ... [more ▼]

The Liege area is a pilot region as far as town and country planning in Belgium is concerned. Furthermore, most of the planning docu¬ments that determined its development were not those specified by general legislation but ones that preceded the legal mesures. When referring to the two main plans (1958 and 1966), we come to the conclusion that the entire town planning of Liege has been governed by three main ideas : traffic flow (roads), conversion of the economy and structuring of Liege and its suburbs. [less ▲]

Caractérisation d'Escherichia coli entérotoxinogène d'origine bovine par hybridation ADN-ADN sur colonies

in Annales de Recherches Vétérinaires = Annals of Veterinary Research (1984), 128

Isolation of follicular dendritic cells from human tonsils and adenoids. I. Procedure and morphological characterization.

in Journal of Immunological Methods (1984), 66(2), 235-44

Follicular dendritic cells have been isolated from human tonsils and adenoids and characterized at the ultrastructural level. Follicles were dissected and digested with different hydrolytic enzymes. The ... [more ▼]

Follicular dendritic cells have been isolated from human tonsils and adenoids and characterized at the ultrastructural level. Follicles were dissected and digested with different hydrolytic enzymes. The cells were separated by sedimentation at unit gravity. By this procedure we obtained follicular dendritic cells enveloping lymphocytes with their cytoplasmic extensions in a way analogous to that described for isolated thymic nurse cells. The ultrastructural features of isolated follicular dendritic cells are similar to those observed in situ. Prolonged enzymatic action caused loss of the enveloped lymphocytes. [less ▲]

Atlas des Mammifères sauvages de Wallonie (suite). Le genre Mustela L. en Belgique

in Cahiers d'Ethologie (1984), 4(4), 279-313

The distribution and the present status of the polecat, stoat and weasel in Belgium are presented. At this time, these species are widely distribution all over the country and it seems that they aren't ... [more ▼]

The distribution and the present status of the polecat, stoat and weasel in Belgium are presented. At this time, these species are widely distribution all over the country and it seems that they aren't shortly threatened. Some original data on mortality causes are briefly discussed. Undoubtely, it appears that the major ones are trapping and killing by gamekeepers and road casualties, both accounting for more 70 % of the polecat's (n=96) and stoat's (n=45) losses and for 63% (n=101) of the weasel's ones. No information is available about possible death cases due to ingestion of poisoned baits. Poisoning, trapping and hunting are no longeur allowed in the northern part of Belgium (Flanders) but they are permitted in the southern part (Wallony) all over the year without any limitation (except for poisonning). With the legal protection of these animals in prospect, their dietary habits and their main behavioural and demographical characteristics are reviewed. [less ▲]

Improvement of pretreatments and technologies for enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose from industrial and agricultural refuse and comparison with acidic hydrolysis.

Scientific journal (1984)

Chemical and enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose are compared. Basic research on paper mill celluloses shows that it is mainly the endo- and exocellulase activities which are absorbed on the substrate. In ... [more ▼]

Chemical and enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose are compared. Basic research on paper mill celluloses shows that it is mainly the endo- and exocellulase activities which are absorbed on the substrate. In the case of the Trichoderma reesei complex with Aspergillus niger beta-glucosidase, the exocellulase activity has proved to be the limiting factor in the design of a reactor which recycles the enzyme complex. Tests were carried out on various pretreatments for substrates of more complex chemical composition, such as straw, maize stalks, beet pulp. The rate and overall degree of hydrolysis, especially for straw, were improved by chemical treatments in combination with mechanical processes. A first pilot plant for straw hydrolysis was set up with the aim of attaining high sugar concn in the fermenter. [less ▲]

Flash patterns of oxygen evolution in greening etioplasts of oat

in Zeitschrift für Naturforschung. Section C : Biosciences (1984), 39c

Diagnostic de la colibacillose entérotoxique du veau au moyen de deux sondes ST : application sur le contenu intestinal

in Annales de Médecine Vétérinaire (1984), 128

Indirect Uv Detection of Hydrophilic Ionized Compounds in Reversed-Phase Liquid Chromatography by Use of a Uv-Absorbing Ion of the Same Charge

in Journal of Pharmaceutical & Biomedical Analysis (1984), 2(2), 241-53

Ion-pair reversed-phase liquid chromatographic systems have been developed that allow the detection and quantitation of low amounts of hydrophilic ionized substances, which otherwise display little or no ... [more ▼]

Ion-pair reversed-phase liquid chromatographic systems have been developed that allow the detection and quantitation of low amounts of hydrophilic ionized substances, which otherwise display little or no capability for optical detection. The mobile phase contains a UV-absorbing ion of the same charge and hydrophobic character as the samples, most often together with a hydrophobic counter-ion to give the samples suitable retention; the stationary phase consists of octadecylsilica. Chromatograms featuring two system peaks are usually obtained, and these give rise to some deviations from the usual response pattern. In the present work the influence on retention and detection sensitivity of the non-absorbing counter-ion, the UV-absorbing ion and the uncharged organic modifier have been studied systematically. Principles for optimizing the detector response by changing the mobile phase composition have been deduced. Examples of applications of the indirect detection technique to the analysis of hydrophilic compounds of pharmaceutical and biological interest, such as amino acids, water-soluble vitamins and piperazine, are presented. [less ▲]

Type IV and V collagens in von Recklinghausen's neurofibromas. An immunohistochemical and electrophoretical study.

in Virchows Archiv. B : Cell pathology (1984), 47(4), 291-301

Type IV and V collagens were localized in neurofibromas from six patients with von Recklinghausen's neurofibromatosis (NF) using the peroxidase anti-peroxidase (PAP) technique. The collagens were also ... [more ▼]

Type IV and V collagens were localized in neurofibromas from six patients with von Recklinghausen's neurofibromatosis (NF) using the peroxidase anti-peroxidase (PAP) technique. The collagens were also isolated from neurofibromas by pepsin digestion and fractionating salt precipitations and demonstrated with sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Staining reactions for both collagens were detected in most of the cells in the disorganized NF tumor tissue. These cells also were S-100 protein-positive and were considered to be of Schwannian cell origin, while the type IV collagen-negative cells showed fibroblastoid, mast cell and histiocytic characteristics. Type IV collagen detection was also used to study the structure of a neurofibroma after 3 weeks in tissue culture. The proportion of fibroblastoid, type IV collagen-negative cells increased significantly in the cultured neurofibromas and "buds" containing solely fibroblastoid cells were seen at the periphery of the tumor fragments. Cultured 6th passage tumor cells produced type V but no type IV collagen as estimated with SDS-PAGE. Further, two malignant Schwannomas from a patient with NF were stained with antibodies to type IV collagen. A positive staining reaction was associated only with the vascular walls in the malignant Schwannomas suggesting that type IV collagen expression is linked with cell differentiation. The present data show that the detection of type IV collagen using the PAP-method is useful in studying the organization of tumors with mixed cell populations such as neurofibromas. Large neurofibromas might also serve as a source for the isolation of human type IV and V collagens. [less ▲]

Immunohistochemical localization of basement membrane components and interstitial collagen types in preovulatory rat ovarian follicles.

in Collagen and Related Research (1984), 4(4), 279-87

Cryosections of ovaries from rats treated with pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG) were immunostained with antibodies against collagen types, I, III, IV and V, laminin and heparan sulphate ... [more ▼]

Cryosections of ovaries from rats treated with pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG) were immunostained with antibodies against collagen types, I, III, IV and V, laminin and heparan sulphate proteoglycan using the peroxidase-antiperoxidase technique. A uniform belt-like staining was observed between the granulosa and theca interna layers with antibodies against type IV collagen, laminin and heparan sulphate proteoglycan. Interstitial collagens type I and III stained the connective tissue in the theca externa layer but gave only faint staining in the area between the granulosa and theca interna zones. If the PMSG-treated rats were injected with human chorionic gonadotropin the number of follicles that showed a discontinuous, ragged or disrupted staining reaction in the area between the granulosa and theca interna layers was clearly increased. Surprisingly in such cases also a punctate staining reaction was seen in the basal granulosa cells. When the rats were injected with radioactive human chorionic gonadotropin, most of the ovarian follicles were labeled within 2 hours. These follicles still showed a continuous staining reaction with antibodies against basement membrane components at the border of the granulosa and theca interna cell layers. These results suggest that there is a basement membrane-like structure in Graafian follicles between the granulosa cells and theca interna layer, and that this basement membrane is disrupted after human chorionic gonadotropin stimulation. [less ▲]

Effects of gold compounds, free or incorporated in liposomes, on human synovial cells in culture

in Archives de Biologie (1984), 95(4), 413-21

Two gold compounds with anti-inflammatory action are separately introduced into fluid negative liposomes : Aurol-sulfide (colloidal gold compound) into the aqueous phase of liposomes, Auranofin (soluble ... [more ▼]

Two gold compounds with anti-inflammatory action are separately introduced into fluid negative liposomes : Aurol-sulfide (colloidal gold compound) into the aqueous phase of liposomes, Auranofin (soluble organic compound) into the lipidic phase. Their effects are analysed in synovial cells in culture. Aurol-sulfide, given alone, rapidly enters into the cells where it is found inside membrane limited inclusions. Under our experimental conditions, this agent is atoxic and has no effect on the cell cycle. When transported inside liposomes, Aurol-sulfide is found free, at least in part, in the cytoplasm and rapidly induces cell degeneration. Auranofin, given alone, is very cytotoxic under some experimental conditions. On the contrary, synovial cells are less sensitive to Auranofin whe encapsulated in liposomes. [less ▲]

A Dissociative Electroionization Study of Nitrous Oxide. The O+ and N+ Dissociation channels.

in Chemical Physics (1984), 84

After the investigation of the decay of N2O into NO+ and N2+ the dissociation channels leading to O+ and N+ are examined by electroionization using ion kinetic energy and mass analysis. Appearance ... [more ▼]

After the investigation of the decay of N2O into NO+ and N2+ the dissociation channels leading to O+ and N+ are examined by electroionization using ion kinetic energy and mass analysis. Appearance energies of O+ and N+ are measured as a function of the kinetic energy of the fragment ions. Predissociation is the main mechanism for ion production in both channels. In the O+ decay channel the 4Sigma- state is an important intermediate. The neutral N2(X1Sigma+/g) mainly appears vibrationally excited. In the N+ dissociation channel, 2Pi states have to play an important role by predissociating the N2O(C2Sigma+) state and the higher-lying doubly excited states of N2O+. [less ▲]

Art et écriture

in Art&fact (1984), 3

Particular points of elastic analysis of clad pitched roof portal frame structures

in Thin-Walled Structures (1984), 2(2), 165-174

Particular points of elastic analysis of clad pitched roof portal frame structures

in Thin-Walled Structures (1984), 2(2), 165-174

Quand les fantômes viennent à notre rencontre (à propos du gros plan)

in Revue Belge du Cinéma (1984), 10(Hiver), 75-84

Le gros plan de visage comme image-pellicule.

Hydrodemetalation and hydrodesulfurization of petroleum residua using manganese nodules in trickle bed reactor

in Applied Catalysis (1984), 11