Blunted erythropoietin production and decreased erythropoiesis in early pregnancy.

in Blood (1991), 78(1), 89-93

After decreasing in the first trimester of pregnancy, the total red blood cell mass increases in the second and third trimesters to peak at term at about 120% to 125% of nonpregnant values, but how this ... [more ▼]

After decreasing in the first trimester of pregnancy, the total red blood cell mass increases in the second and third trimesters to peak at term at about 120% to 125% of nonpregnant values, but how this is brought about by changes in the rate of erythropoiesis is not known. We evaluated erythropoiesis by measuring serum transferrin receptor (TfR) levels in 406 women during normal pregnancy (N = 317), at delivery (N = 63), or in the early postpartum (N = 27). Despite the presence of the placenta and the frequent occurrence of iron deficiency, TfR levels remained low in the first two trimesters and increased in the third trimester and at delivery. To explain why erythropoiesic activity was relatively low in early pregnancy, we also measured serum immunoreactive erythropoietin (Epo) in relation to the degree of anemia. There was a very strong correlation between serum TfR and Epo levels in the entire group (r = .59, P less than .0001) as well as in each period of pregnancy. Epo levels remained low for the degree of anemia and did not correlate with hematocrit in the first two trimesters, but recovered afterwards. In the early postpartum, Epo production and erythropoiesis were normal. We conclude that: (1) erythropoiesis is decreased in the first part of pregnancy but increases afterwards; and (2) blunted Epo production in early pregnancy could be responsible for that observation. [less ▲]

Blunted response of growth hormone to clonidine and apomorphine in endogenous depression

in British Journal of Psychiatry (1988), 153

Blurring in Tomograms Made with X-ray Beams of Finite Width

in Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography (1979), 3

BM 34, an anticonvulsant sulfonylthiourea with a phenitoin-like profile

Conference (1996, May)

BM-520, an original TXA(2) modulator, inhibits the action of thromboxane A(2) and 8-iso-prostaglandin F-2 alpha in vitro and in vivo on human and rodent platelets, and aortic vascular smooth muscles from rodents

in Prostaglandins & Other Lipid Mediators (2007), 84(1-2), 14-23

Thromboxane A(2) (TXA(2)) and 8-iso-PGF(2 alpha). are two prostanoid agonists of the thromboxane A(2) receptor (TP), whose activation has been involved in platelet aggregation and atherosclerosis. Agents ... [more ▼]

Thromboxane A(2) (TXA(2)) and 8-iso-PGF(2 alpha). are two prostanoid agonists of the thromboxane A(2) receptor (TP), whose activation has been involved in platelet aggregation and atherosclerosis. Agents able to counteract the actions of these agonists are of great interest in the treatment and prevention of cardiovascular events. Here, we investigated in vitro and in vivo the pharmacological profile of BM-520, a new TP antagonist. In our experiments, this compound showed a great binding affinity for human washed platelets TP receptors, and prevented human platelet activation and aggregation induced by U-46619, arachidonic acid and 8-iso-PGF(2 alpha). The TP receptor antagonist property of BM-520 was confirmed by its relaxing effect on rat aorta smooth muscle preparations precontracted with U-46619 and 8-iso-PGF(2 alpha). Further, its TP antagonism was also demonstrated in vivo in guinea pig after a single intravenous injection (10 mg kg(-1)). We conclude that this novel TP antagonist could be a promising therapeutic tool in pathologies such as atherosclerosis where an increased production of TXA(2) and 8-iso-PGF2., as well as TP activation are well-established pathogenic events. (c) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. [less ▲]

BM-573 INHIBITS THE EARLY ATHEROSCLEROTIC LESIONS IN APO-E DEFICIENT MICE BY BLOCKING TP RECEPTORS AND THROMBOXANE SYNTHASE

in Congress of the International Society of Thrombosis and Hemostasis- 57th Annual SSC Meeting (2011, July)

Atherosclerosis is the principal cause of mortality in industrialized countries. Its development is influenced by several mediators of which thromboxane A(2) (TXA(2)) and 8-iso-PGF(2() have recently ... [more ▼]

Atherosclerosis is the principal cause of mortality in industrialized countries. Its development is influenced by several mediators of which thromboxane A(2) (TXA(2)) and 8-iso-PGF(2() have recently received a lot of attention. This study aimed to investigate the effect of a dual thromboxane synthase inhibitor and thromboxane receptor antagonist (BM-573) and ASA on lesion formation in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. The combination of ASA and BM-573 was also studied. Plasma measurements demonstrated that the treatments did not affect body weight or plasma cholesterol levels. BM-573, but not ASA, significantly decreased atherogenic lesions as demonstrated by macroscopic analysis. Both treatments alone inhibited TXB(2) synthesis but only BM-573 and the combination therapy were able to decrease firstly, plasma levels of soluble intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1) and secondly, the expression of these proteins in the aortic root of Apo E. These results were confirmed in endothelial cell cultures derived from human saphenous vein endothelial cells (HSVECs). In these cells, BM-573 also prevented the increased mRNA expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 induced by U-46619 and 8-iso-PGF(2(). Our results show that a molecule combining receptor antagonism and thromboxane synthase inhibition is more efficient in delaying atherosclerosis in Apo E(-/-) mice than sole inhibition of TXA(2) formation. [less ▲]

Bm-573, a thromboxane receptor antagonist, reduces development of atherosclerosis in apoe–deficient mice

Poster (2007, June 22)

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, according to World Health Organization, is the primary cause of heart disease and stroke. Atherosclerosis is a chronic vascular disease whose development is ... [more ▼]

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, according to World Health Organization, is the primary cause of heart disease and stroke. Atherosclerosis is a chronic vascular disease whose development is influenced by several mediators. Among them, the action of eicosanoïds such as thromboxane A2 and 8-iso-PGF2a have recently received a lot of attention. The aim of our study was the evaluation of benefits of original molecules, synthesised in our lab, targeting the thromboxane receptor (TP) in an apo E deficient mouse. We previously demonstrated in several in vitro and in vivo pharmacological experiments that our original sulfonylurea derivate, BM-573 was a potent combined inhibitor of the thromboxane synthase and antagonist of TP. Since TP is implied in atherosclerosis development, such antagonist could have a great therapeutic impact in atherogenesis.To test the efficacy of BM-573 in atherogenesis, the effect of 10 weeks of treatment with BM573 (10 mg/kg) on early aortic atherosclerotic lesions of apo E deficient mice was assessed. These mice were fed with chow diet, with spontaneous increase of total plasma cholesterol and triglycerides. In this experiment, while BM-573 did not affect body weight, it significantly decreased early atherogenesis lesions confirmed by macroscopic, microscopic and biochemical analysis. These results confirm that selective antagonism of TP receptor is effective in reducing atherosclerotic lesion in apo E deficient mice. Consequently, BM-573 could be a potential drug for prevention of atherosclerosis. [less ▲]

Bm-573, an original thromboxane receptor antagonist, reduces development of atherosclerosis in apoe–deficient (apo e-/-) mice

Poster (2007, October 11)

To test the efficacy of BM-573 in atherogenesis, the effect of 10 weeks of treatment with BM573 (10 mg/l) on early aortic atherosclerotic lesions of apo E deficient mice was assessed. These mice were fed ... [more ▼]

To test the efficacy of BM-573 in atherogenesis, the effect of 10 weeks of treatment with BM573 (10 mg/l) on early aortic atherosclerotic lesions of apo E deficient mice was assessed. These mice were fed with chow diet, with spontaneous increase of total plasma cholesterol and triglycerides. In this experiment, while BM-573 did not affect body weight, it significantly decreases early atherogenesis lesions confirmed by macroscopic, microscopic and biochemical analysis. These results confirm that selective antagonism of TP receptor is effective in reducing atherosclerotic lesion in apo E deficient mice. Consequently, BM-573 could be a potential drug for prevention of atherosclerosis [less ▲]

Le bm-573, un antagoniste original du récepteur au thromboxane a2, réduit le développement des lésions athéromateuses chez des souris déficientes en apolipoprotéine e (apo e-/-) contrairement a l’aspirine.

(2009, May 28)

Afin d’examiner l'efficacité de l’aspirine et du BM-573 dans l'athérogenèse, des souris apo E-/- femelles ont été traitées durant 10 et 20 semaines avec le BM-573 (10mg/kg/j), l’aspirine (30mg/kg/j) ou un ... [more ▼]

Afin d’examiner l'efficacité de l’aspirine et du BM-573 dans l'athérogenèse, des souris apo E-/- femelles ont été traitées durant 10 et 20 semaines avec le BM-573 (10mg/kg/j), l’aspirine (30mg/kg/j) ou un placébo. Au cours de cette expérience, aucune modification du poids corporel ou de la cholestérolémie n’a été observée. Par contre, le traitement des animaux par le BM-573, a eu pour effet de diminuer les lésions athéromateuses de manière significative tandis que l’aspirine a été sans effet sur ce paramètre. Ces données ont été confirmées par des analyses histopathologiques et biochimiques. Ces résultats confirment que l'antagonisme sélectif des récepteurs TP associé à une inhibition de la thromboxane synthétase réduit significativement les lésions athéromateuses chez les souris apo E-/-. Le BM-573 est, par conséquent, un agent thérapeutique potentiel pour la prévention de l'athérosclérose. [less ▲]

BM-613, a new thromboxane A2 antagonist, is characterized by a preferential activity on platelet thromboxane A2 receptors

Poster (2003, December)