Bioremediation of diesel-polluted soils.

Poster (1995, February)

Bioremediation of hydrocarbon polluted soil - Improvement of in situ bioremediation by bioaugmentation with endogenous and exogenous strains

Poster (2010, September 03)

Petroleum pollution has now become a real problem because hydrocarbons are persistent contaminants in soils and water. Contamination problems increase when ages of relevant facilities, such as oil storage ... [more ▼]

Petroleum pollution has now become a real problem because hydrocarbons are persistent contaminants in soils and water. Contamination problems increase when ages of relevant facilities, such as oil storage tanks and pipelines, increase over time. The evolution of Legislation concerning soil pollution has led to the need of efficient techniques able to restore the polluted ground. Unfortunately, these techniques are expensive. Bioremediation of hydrocarbon polluted soils has been recognized as an efficient, economic and environmentally sound treatment. Particularly biostimulation and bioaugmentation are being studied in labs. A lot of studies tried to determine which method is the most efficient, but the conclusions diverge. Moreover, conditions are different in labs and contaminated sites. [less ▲]

Biorthogonal wavelets in H-m(R)

in Journal Of Fourier Analysis And Applications (1998), 4(6), 749-768

This article is concerned with constructions of biorthogonal basis of compactly supported wavelets in Sobolev spaces of integer order. Using techniques of [1] and [2], the results presented here ... [more ▼]

This article is concerned with constructions of biorthogonal basis of compactly supported wavelets in Sobolev spaces of integer order. Using techniques of [1] and [2], the results presented here generalize to Sobolev spaces some constructions of Cohen et al. [7] and Chui and Wang [5] established in L-2(R). [less ▲]

Biosafety of Herpesvirus Vectors

in Current Gene Therapy (2003), 3(6), 597-611

Herpesviruses are large DNA viruses, which possess a number of advantages as gene delivery vectors. These relate to an ability to package large DNA insertions and establish lifelong latent infections in ... [more ▼]

Herpesviruses are large DNA viruses, which possess a number of advantages as gene delivery vectors. These relate to an ability to package large DNA insertions and establish lifelong latent infections in which the viral genome exists as a stable episome in the nucleus. For gene therapy to become a potential future treatment option, biosafe therapeutically efficient gene transfer is a central, but more and more stringent requirement. This review highlights the progress in development of herpesvirus based vectors, describes their properties as wall as discusses the biosafety concerns that are associated with their use in gene therapy. Thought was also given to biosafety issues pertaining to design and production of herpesvirus vector systems in therapeutic gene delivery. [less ▲]

Biosensors based on electrochemically prepared polyanilines

Poster (2005, June 01)

Biosensors in Forensic Sciences

in Biotechnologie, Agronomie, Société et Environnement = Biotechnology, Agronomy, Society and Environment [=BASE] (2011), 15(3), 449-458

A biosensor is a device that uses biological materials to monitor the presence of specific chemicals in an area. Traditional methods of volatile detection used by the law enforcement agencies and rescue ... [more ▼]

A biosensor is a device that uses biological materials to monitor the presence of specific chemicals in an area. Traditional methods of volatile detection used by the law enforcement agencies and rescue teams consist in the canine olfaction. This concept of using dogs to detect specific substances is quite old. However, dogs have some limitations such as cost of training, time of conditioning. Thus, the possibility of using other organisms as biosensors including rats, dolphins, honeybees, parasitic wasps in detection of explosives, narcotics and cadavers has been developed. But, insects have several advantages unshared by mammalians. Insects are very sensitive, cheap to produce and can be conditioned with impressive speed for a specific chemical-detection task. Moreover, insects might be a preferred sensing method in scenarios that are deemed too dangerous to use mammalian. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the biosensors used in forensic sciences [less ▲]

Biosignatures morphologiques: quelques pistes de réflexion

Conference (2006)

Biospheric carbon stocks reconstructed at the Last Glacial Maximum: comparison between general circulation models using prescribed and computed sea surface temperatures

in Global and Planetary Change (2002), 33(1-2), 117-138

The terrestrial biosphere model Carbon Assimilation in the Biosphere (CARAIB) was improved by introducing two vegetation storeys and implementing a new module which simulates the equilibrium distribution ... [more ▼]

The terrestrial biosphere model Carbon Assimilation in the Biosphere (CARAIB) was improved by introducing two vegetation storeys and implementing a new module which simulates the equilibrium distribution of the vegetation inferred from physiological processes and climatic constraints. In this fourth version of CARAIB, we differentiate ground-level grasses from tree canopies, which allows us to determine the light available to grasses as a direct function of the leaf area index (LAI) of the forest canopy. Both of these storeys are potentially composed of several plant functional types (PFT). The cover fraction of each PFT within each storey is estimated according to its respective net primary productivity (NPP). A biome is assigned to each grid cell on the basis of three physiological criteria: (1) the cover fraction, (2) the NPP, and (3) the LAI; and two climatic constraints: (1) the growing degree-days (GDD) and (2) the lowest temperature reached during the cold season (T-min), which are well-known indices of vegetation expansion boundaries. Total biospheric carbon stocks (vegetation + soil) are reconstructed by forcing the model with eight climatic scenarios of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, 21 ka BP), which were obtained from the Palco-Modelling Intercomparison Project (PMIP) from four general circulation models (MRI2, UGAMP, LMD4, and GEN2) using prescribed and computed sea surface temperatures (SSTs). The model was also forced with a current climate together with a preindustrial atmospheric CO2 level of 280 ppm as reference simulation, To validate the model, current biome distribution is reconstructed and compared, for the modem climate, with two distributions of potential vegetation and, for the LGM, with pollen data. The model simulations are in good agreement with broad-scale patterns of vegetation distribution, The results indicate an increase in the total biospheric carbon stock of 827.8-1106.1 Gt C since the LGM. Sensitivity analyses were performed to discriminate the relative effects of the atmospheric CO, level ("fertilization effect"), the climate (present or LGM), and the sea level. Our results suggest that the CO, fertilization effect is mostly responsible for the total increase in vegetation and soil carbon stocks. The four GCMs diverged in their predicted responses of continental climate to calculated SSTs. Only one of them, i.e., MRI2, predicted a marked decline of the continental temperatures in response to lower calculated SSTs. For this GCM, the effect of reduced SSTs on continental biospheric carbon stocks was a decrease of 544.1 Gt for the soil carbon stock and of 283.7. [less ▲]

Biostatistical studies on western European Dactylorhiza (Orchidaceae)-the D. maculata group

in Plant Systematics & Evolution (1991), 175(1-2), 55-72

Multivariate analysis tools are exploited on a data set composed of quantitative characteristics collected on 35 populations of plants of the Dactylorhiza maculata (L.)Soó group from Western-Europe. These ... [more ▼]

Multivariate analysis tools are exploited on a data set composed of quantitative characteristics collected on 35 populations of plants of the Dactylorhiza maculata (L.)Soó group from Western-Europe. These samples lead to four well-defined clusters; this, together with qualitative, cytological and ecological arguments, allows for the recognition of four specific entities:D. maculata s.str., D. fuchsii (Druce)Soó, D. saccifera (Brongn.)Soó and D. caramulensis (Vermeulen)Tyteca. It is concluded that the floral characters play an essential role in the taxonomical distinction. It also appears that the set of characters measured, as well as the methods exploited, are especially well-suited and valuable tools for the morphological study of the genus Dactylorhiza. © 1991 Springer-Verlag. [less ▲]

Biostratigraphic chart of the Famennian Stage (Upper Devonian) in the type localities of Belgium: a preliminary report

in Journal of Paleontology (1969), 43(3), 727-734