Temperament and character inventory (TCI) and depression.

in Journal of Psychiatric Research (1999), 33(1), 31-6

Although several studies have assessed the relationships between the temperament dimensions of the Cloninger model of personality and depression, little is known about the role played by the character ... [more ▼]

Although several studies have assessed the relationships between the temperament dimensions of the Cloninger model of personality and depression, little is known about the role played by the character dimensions proposed by the seven-factor model of Cloninger in depression. In this study, the relationships between the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) and depression were examined in a sample of 40 major depressive patients and 40 healthy controls. Depressed patients exhibit higher harm avoidance and self-transcendence scores as well as lower self-directedness and cooperativeness scores as compared to healthy controls. However, the three other dimensions do not differ between depressive patients and controls. Among the depressive group, harm avoidance, self-directedness and cooperativeness dimensions are related to the severity of depression as assessed by the Hamilton scale. This study confirms the state dependence of the harm avoidance dimension and suggests a relationship between the character dimensions of the Cloninger model and depression. [less ▲]

Temperature Adaptation of Proteins: Stability, Folding and Flexibility in Mesophilic-like Engineered Alpha-Amylases

Poster (2009, July 02)

Habitats of permanently cold temperature, like polar regions for example, have been colonized by a great variety of psychrophilic organisms producing enzymes adapted to function efficiently in these cold ... [more ▼]

Habitats of permanently cold temperature, like polar regions for example, have been colonized by a great variety of psychrophilic organisms producing enzymes adapted to function efficiently in these cold environments. According to the hypothesis developed in our laboratory, the adaptation to cold temperature involves relationships between activity, flexibility and stability. Even if activity and stability are not physically linked in proteins 1, the consensus for the adaptive strategy is to take advantage of the lack of selective pressure for stable proteins to lose stability, therefore increasing the flexibility or mobility of the enzyme at low temperatures that restrict molecular motions. 2 Working on alpha-amylase, we have investigated the role of weak interactions in thermal adaptation of proteins by site-directed mutagenesis. We have built two multiple-mutants (Mut5 and Mut5CC) of the psychrophilc alpha-amylase (AHA) from the Antarctic bacterium, Pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis. The single mutations were selected by comparison of the presence of weak interactions in a mesophilic chloride-dependant homolog from pig pancreas, PPA. The study of selected single mutations prompt us to construct two multiple-mutants, Mut5 and Mut5CC, carrying 5 and 6 additional weak interactions found in PPA, that showed an increased stability and a lower activity at 25 °C.3 We have compared AHA, Mut5 and Mut5CC with additional methods like differential scanning calorimetry, thermal and chemical unfolding and circular dichroism in order to determine the gain in stability. We also studied the flexibility or breathing of the enzymes by acrylamide-induced fluorescence quenching. The newly introduced weak interactions stabilized the proteins, protected them against heat and chemical unfolding and also induced an effective loss of flexibility. These results and those of the previous work 3, unambiguously support the capital role of weak interactions in the balance between activity, flexibility and stability and provide a better knowledge of the adaptation of enzymes to cold temperatures. [less ▲]

Temperature dependence in random matrix models with pairing condensates

in Physical Review D (2005), 72(1), 016003

We address a number of issues raised by a manuscript of Klein, Toublan, and Verbaarschot [hep-ph/0405180] in which the authors introduce a random matrix model for QCD with two colors, two flavors, and ... [more ▼]

We address a number of issues raised by a manuscript of Klein, Toublan, and Verbaarschot [hep-ph/0405180] in which the authors introduce a random matrix model for QCD with two colors, two flavors, and fermions in the fundamental representation. Their inclusion of temperature terms differs from the approach adopted in previous work on this problem [Phys. Rev. D 64, 074016 (2001)]. We demonstrate that the two approaches are related by a transformation that leaves the thermodynamic potential invariant and which therefore has no effect on physical observables. [less ▲]

Temperature dependence of mycosubtilin homologue production in Bacillus subtilis ATCC6633.

in Research in Microbiology (2008), 159(6), 449-57

Bacillus subtilis ATCC6633 produces mycosubtilin, a non-ribosomally synthesized lipopeptide of the iturin family which presents antagonistic activities toward various phytopathogens. Different homologues ... [more ▼]

Bacillus subtilis ATCC6633 produces mycosubtilin, a non-ribosomally synthesized lipopeptide of the iturin family which presents antagonistic activities toward various phytopathogens. Different homologues with fatty acid moiety varying from C15 to C17 are usually co-produced, with their biological activities increasing with the number of carbons in the fatty acid chain. In the present report, we highlight that growth temperature modulates both the extent of mycosubtilin production and the relative abundance of the different homologues. A 30-fold increase in mycosubtilin production was observed when the temperature was decreased from 37 degrees C to 25 degrees C for both strain ATCC6633 and its derivative BBG100, a constitutive mycosubtilin overproducer. However, no significant difference in either the expression of the mycosubtilin synthetase encoding genes or in the intracellular synthetase concentration could be found, suggesting that the observed phenotype originated from a higher mycosubtilin synthetase turnover at lower temperature. We also point out that lower growth temperature leads to an increased proportion of odd-numbered fatty acid homologues as a consequence of de novo synthesis of C17 anteiso fatty acid following cell adaptation to low temperatures. [less ▲]

Température effective des ions dans un spectromètre de mobilité ionique de type "travelling wave ion guide"

Conference (2010, October 14)

Temperature gradients in the core overshooting region

in Communications in Asteroseismology (2007), 150

The term overshooting is used to describe two situations: the chemical mixing induced by the convective elements crossing the boundary given by Schwarzschild's criterion (overshooting), or, in addition to ... [more ▼]

The term overshooting is used to describe two situations: the chemical mixing induced by the convective elements crossing the boundary given by Schwarzschild's criterion (overshooting), or, in addition to that mixing, the change in the temperature gradient in the overshoot region when convection is efficient enough (penetration; Zahn 1991). We show that for models with the same mass of the mixed central region the oscillation frequencies are sensitive to the kind of overshoot treatment adopted. This effect is especially obvious for SPB stars and is high enough to be detected by CoRoT long run observations. That would imply the possibility of disentangling penetration from overshooting. [less ▲]

Temperature responsive complex coacervate core micelles with a PEO and PNIPAAm corona

in Journal of Physical Chemistry B (2008), 112(35), 10833-10840

In aqueous solutions at room temperature, poly(N-methyl-2-vinyl pyridinium iodide)-block-poly(ethylene oxide), P2MVP38-b-PEO211 and poly(acrylic acid)-block-poly(isopropyl acrylamide), PAA55-b-PNIPAAm88 ... [more ▼]

In aqueous solutions at room temperature, poly(N-methyl-2-vinyl pyridinium iodide)-block-poly(ethylene oxide), P2MVP38-b-PEO211 and poly(acrylic acid)-block-poly(isopropyl acrylamide), PAA55-b-PNIPAAm88 spontaneously coassemble into micelles, consisting of a mixed P2MVP/PAA polyelectrolyte core and a PEO/PNIPAAm corona. These so-called complex coacervate core micelles (C3Ms), also known as polyion complex (PIC) micelles, block ionomer complexes (BIC), and interpolyelectrolyte complexes (IPEC), respond to changes in solution pH and ionic strength as their micellization is electrostatically driven. Furthermore, the PNIPAAm segments ensure temperature responsiveness as they exhibit lower critical solution temperature (LCST) behavior. Light scattering, two-dimensional 1H NMR nuclear Overhauser effect spectrometry, and cryogenic transmission electron microscopy experiments were carried out to investigate micellar structure and solution behavior at 1 mM NaNO3, T = 25, and 60 °C, that is, below and above the LCST of 32 °C. At T = 25 °C, C3Ms were observed for 7 < pH < 12 and NaNO3 concentrations below 105 mM. The PEO and PNIPAAm chains appear to be (randomly) mixed within the micellar corona. At T = 60 °C, onion-like complexes are formed, consisting of a PNIPAAm inner core, a mixed P2MVP/PAA complex coacervate shell, and a PEO corona. [less ▲]

Temperature rise during photo-activated disinfection of root canals.

in Lasers in Medical Science (2007)

The aim of this study was to determine whether it is safe to use photo-activated disinfection (PAD) during root canal treatment without heating the periodontal tissues. Root canals of 30 freshly extracted ... [more ▼]

The aim of this study was to determine whether it is safe to use photo-activated disinfection (PAD) during root canal treatment without heating the periodontal tissues. Root canals of 30 freshly extracted single-rooted teeth were prepared using ProFiles up to size ISO 40 and then filled with photo-sensitiser: tolonium blue (1.2 mg/l). The 635 nm diode laser was used with the manufacturer's endo-tip. Samples were irradiated for 150 s (output power 100 mW, approximate energy density 106.16 J/cm(2)). Temperatures were recorded at working length on the external root surface. After 150 s of PAD irradiation, the average temperature rise was 0.16 +/- 0.08 degrees C. All values were lower than the 7 degrees C safety level for periodontal injury. It was concluded that, regarding the temperature increase, the use of PAD in root canals could be considered harmless for periodontal tissues. [less ▲]

Temperature wrinkling prediction in metal/polymer multilayer coatings

in International Journal of Material Forming (2010, April), 3(supplement 1), 559-562

Two modeling approaches, analytical and numerical ones were carried out to simulate the mechanical behaviour of a coated metal steel sheet under thermo-mechanical loads. As the metallic film and the ... [more ▼]

Two modeling approaches, analytical and numerical ones were carried out to simulate the mechanical behaviour of a coated metal steel sheet under thermo-mechanical loads. As the metallic film and the polymer layer have different dilatation coefficients, temperature increase and/or humidity variation can result in a compressive state in the metallic film, and yield to bucking. This phenomenon is called wrinkling. It can be prevented by a stiff polymer layer or a stable film due to adapted thickness and mechanical properties. Wrinkling phenomenon has received increasing attention because of important uses of polymeric coating in many industrial applications. To better understand and predict this phenomenon, analytical and numerical models have been developed and compared. [less ▲]

Temperature, air humidity and air pollution levels in breeding pig houses

in Pigs News and Information (1993), 14(2), 77-78

A study was undertaken to provide practical information concerning the frequency of temp. and RH measurements required to obtain a good estimate of their averages and of their daily variations, and to ... [more ▼]

A study was undertaken to provide practical information concerning the frequency of temp. and RH measurements required to obtain a good estimate of their averages and of their daily variations, and to determine the relationships between ammonia, carbon dioxide and bacterial concn in a pig house. Measurements were made in 9 artificially ventilated farrowing or weaner houses with slatted floors. Temp. and RH were measured every 20 min for 7 d. Sensors were placed inside buildings in the middle of the houses, 0.8 m above floor level, and outside the buildings. Data were recorded using a datalogger. Ammonia and carbon dioxide concn were measured using 8 h Gastec diffusion tubes. Three readings were taken in the same location at 2-day intervals. The airborne bacterial concn was measured with a 6-stage Andersen sampler. Bacteria colony forming particles (BCFP) were collected by impacting onto agar-filled petri dishes which are placed in an incubator for 24 h prior to counting the colonies formed. Results are discussed, indicating no significant correlation between the 3 measures of pollution (NH3 and CO2 concn, BCFP levels) despite careful microclimate control. [less ▲]