Superior Renal Function Sustained for 24 Months through Early Everolimus-Facilitated Reduction of Tacrolimus Versus Standard Tacrolimus in De Novo Liver Transplant Recipients: Results of a Randomized Trial.

in American Journal of Transplantation (2013, April), 13(S5), 169450

mTOR inhibitors have the potential to reduce calcineurin inhibitor nephrotoxicity by minimizing or eliminating the need for their use. The 12 month (M) results of H2304 (NCT00622869) study demonstrated ... [more ▼]

mTOR inhibitors have the potential to reduce calcineurin inhibitor nephrotoxicity by minimizing or eliminating the need for their use. The 12 month (M) results of H2304 (NCT00622869) study demonstrated superior renal function with everolimus (EVR) plus reduced tacrolimus (rTAC) vs. standard TAC (TAC-C) in de novo liver transplant recipients (LTxR). Presented here are 24M renal function results. For this 24M, multicenter, open-label study 719 de novo LTxR were randomized (1:1:1) after a 30-day (±5 days) run-in period with TAC (±mycophenolate mofetil), to receive either EVR (C0 3-8 ng/mL) with rTAC (C0 3-5 ng/mL; EVR+rTAC, N=245) or EVR (C0 6-10 ng/mL) with TAC withdrawal (TAC-WD; N=231) at M4 or TAC-C (C0 6-10 ng/mL; TAC-C, N=243); all patients received corticosteroids. Enrollment in TAC-WD arm was stopped early due to higher rejection rates. Main endpoints at M24 included composite ef􏰀cacy failure rate of treated biopsy proven acute rejection, graft loss or death, and evolution of renal function from randomization (RND) to M24 measured as eGFR by MDRD4. At M24, composite ef􏰀cacy failure rate in EVR+rTAC arm was comparable to TAC-C (10.3% vs. 12.5%, p=0.452). Evolution of renal function from RND to M24 was superior for EVR+rTAC vs. TAC-C with an adjusted mean difference in eGFR change of 6.66 mL/min/1.73m2 (p=0.0018; ITT population). Signi􏰀cantly higher eGFR with EVR+rTAC was achieved at M2 post-LTx and was maintained until M24. On-treatment data showed a decrease in mean eGFR from RND to M24 of 6.6 mL/min/1.73m2 with EVR+rTAC vs. 13 mL/min/1.73m2 with TAC-C and 2.5 mL/ min/1.73m2 gain with TAC-WD. Urinary protein:creatinine ratio (mg/g) at M24 was higher with EVR+rTAC vs. TAC-C (Mean±SD: 194±280 vs. 159±284, p=0.006). Early introduction of EVR at 1M post-LTx with rTAC showed superior renal function sustained for 24M compared to TAC-C, without compromising ef􏰀cacy in de novo LTxR. [less ▲]

Superiority of blue (470nm) light in eliciting non-image forming brain responses during auditory working memory in humans : a fMRI study

Conference (2006)

Superiority of blue (470nm) light in eliciting non-image forming brain responses during auditory working memory in humans : a fMRI study

Conference (2006)

Supernova 1987a in the Large Magellanic Cloud: an observational overview

Article for general public (1987)

Supernumerary Outer Hair Cells Arise External to the Last Row of Sensory Cells in the Organ of Corti

in Acta Oto-Laryngologica (2001), 121(2), 164-8

During the development of the mammalian inner ear, the number of hair cells produced is highly regulated and remains constant throughout life. The mechanism underlying this regulation is beginning to be ... [more ▼]

During the development of the mammalian inner ear, the number of hair cells produced is highly regulated and remains constant throughout life. The mechanism underlying this regulation is beginning to be understood although many aspects still remain obscure. When late embryonic or early postnatal rat organs of Corti were cultured, the production of supernumerary hair cells was observed. This overproduction of sensory cells could be modulated by the addition of several growth factors. In this study, we examined explants of rat organs of Corti that produced supernumerary hair cells. In the supernumerary hair cell region, up to two rows of inner hair cells and five rows of outer hair cells were observed. Morphological evaluation of these specimens revealed that less mature hair cells were located in the most external rows of these sensory cells. When a supernumerary hair cell was produced, a supporting cell (i.e. Deiters' cell) was also produced, strongly suggesting that the conversion of a Deiters' cell into a hair cell was not the mechanism that produced these extra hair cells. Based on these results, we propose that prosensory cells located at the external edge of the organ of Corti retain a capacity to form hair cells and that it is these prosensory cells that differentiate into supernumerary hair cells and Deiters' cells. [less ▲]

Superovulation in cows with FSH preparation containing different amounts of LH

in Roczniki Naukowe Zootechniki (1995), 22(2), 103-108

One of the main factors influencing the effectiveness of superovulation is the quality of gonadotropin used.Especially the proportion of FSH to Lh can play an important role.In the experiment ... [more ▼]

One of the main factors influencing the effectiveness of superovulation is the quality of gonadotropin used.Especially the proportion of FSH to Lh can play an important role.In the experiment superovulatory response of cows treated with FSH containing different amounts of LH was evaluated.Observations were carried out on 120 Polish Black-and-White Lowland cows aged from 5 to 8 years.On day 9, 10 and 11 after oestrus, 40 mg of FSH containing 10,20 or 40% of LH was injected in 8 decreasing doses at 12 h intervals.In the control group 3000 IU PMSG per cow was administrated.Forty-eight hours after the initial FSH or PMSG injection, 3 ml PGF 2-alpha analog was injected to donors to induce oestrus.An average of 5.6, 5.3, 3.9 and 1.7 transferable embryos was recovered after treatment of the cows with FSH +20% LH, FSH +40% LH, FSH +10% LH and PSMG, respectively. [less ▲]

Superovulation of goats with purified pFSH supplemented with defined amounts of pLH

in Theriogenology (1995), 43

The superovulatory response of goats treated with purified pFSH supplemented with 30, 40 or 50% pLH was compared. Sixty-four Boer goat does were synchronized by progestagen-containing ear implant ... [more ▼]

The superovulatory response of goats treated with purified pFSH supplemented with 30, 40 or 50% pLH was compared. Sixty-four Boer goat does were synchronized by progestagen-containing ear implant, randomly allotted to 3 groups and, beginning 2 d before implant removal, treated with purified pFSH supplemented with 30, 40 or 50% pLH. Each animal received 16 Armour Units of pFSH administered in 6 descending doses at 12-h intervals. Along with the last 2 injections, the does received 5 mg PGF(2alpha). Embryos were flushed either surgically or after slaughter on Day 5 or 6 after the last day of standing estrus. The percentage of animals responding to treatment was not different among groups treated with pFSH supplemented with 30, 40 or 50% pLH (76, 71 and 63%, respectively). The corresponding data for number of ovulations was 11.3 +/- 1.6, 16.3 +/- 1.8 and 16.4 +/- 2.6, for number of ova and embryos recovered 8.1 +/- 1.9, 12.0 +/- 1.5 and 13.5 +/- 2.9 and for number of transferable embryos 6.6 +/- 1.9, 9.1 +/- 1.5 and 7.1 +/- 2.1 (x +/- SEM). Results confirm the earlier finding of a good response of goats to pFSH preparations with a high FSH:LH ratio, and, although group differences were statistically nonsignificant (P > 0.05), they suggest that supplementation with approximately 40% pLH may be close to the optimum [less ▲]

A superposed epoch analysis of auroral evolution during substorms: Local time of onset region

in Journal of Geophysical Research. Space Physics (2010), 115

Previous workers have shown that the magnetic local time (MLT) of substorm onset depends on the prevailing east-west component of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF). To investigate the influence of ... [more ▼]

Previous workers have shown that the magnetic local time (MLT) of substorm onset depends on the prevailing east-west component of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF). To investigate the influence of the onset MLT on the subsequent auroral response we perform a superposed epoch analysis of the auroral evolution during approximately 2000 substorms using observations from the FUV instrument on the Imager for Magnetopause-to-Aurora Global Exploration (IMAGE) spacecraft. We subdivide the substorms by onset latitude and onset local time before determining average auroral images before and after substorm onset, for both electron and proton aurorae. We find that during the growth phase there is preexisting auroral emission in the MLT sector of the subsequent onset. After onset the auroral bulge expands eastward and westward, but remains centered on the onset sector. Approximately 30 min after onset, during the substorm recovery phase, the peaks in electron and proton auroral emission move into the postnoon and prenoon sectors, respectively, reflecting the “average” auroral precipitation patterns determined by previous studies. Superposed epoch analysis of the interplanetary magnetic field for the substorms under study suggests that the B[SUB]Y[/SUB] component of the IMF must be biased toward positive or negative values for up to a day prior to onset for the onset MLT to be influenced. [less ▲]

SUPERSPACE FORMULATION OF N=2 PSEUDOMECHANICS AND SUPERPOTENTIALS

in Journal of Mathematical Physics (1987), 28(2), 477-484

Superthermal particules in planetary atmospheres

in Non-stable processes in the Univers (1994)