Study of the mixing time evolution during the scale-up of an animal cells culture in a stirred tank bioreactor

Poster (2009, April 01)

Study of the molecular mechanisms involved in the response of tumor and host to the treatment with the antiangiogenic factor 16K prolactin

Poster (2007, January)

Study of the morphology of copper hydroxynitrate nanoplatelets obtained by controlled double jet precipitation and urea hydrolysis

in Journal of Crystal Growth (2003), 254(1-2), 176-187

A copper hydroxynitrate of stoichiometry Cu-2(OH)(3)NO3, analogous to the layered double hydroxide family, was synthesized by the so-called controlled double jet precipitation technique, and by hydrolysis ... [more ▼]

A copper hydroxynitrate of stoichiometry Cu-2(OH)(3)NO3, analogous to the layered double hydroxide family, was synthesized by the so-called controlled double jet precipitation technique, and by hydrolysis of urea in the presence of copper nitrate. Special attention has been focused on the size, morphology and agglomeration tendency of the particles. The aim of this work is to define the optimum precipitation conditions in terms of quality and dispersability of the recovered product. Such platelet-like particles Can be used as anisotropic fillers in nanocomposite materials. Several reaction parameters such as flow and concentration of the reactant solutions, design of the reactor and addition of a growth modifier were studied. (C) 2003 Elsevier -Science B.V. All rights reserved. [less ▲]

Study of the near infrared reflectance spectroscopy performances for the determination of soil parameters useful for the fertility diagnosis

(2008, April 17)

Study of the near infrared reflectances spectroscopy performances for the determination of soil parameters useful for the fertility diagnosis

Poster (2008, January 29)

Study of the nuclear localization and cellular dynamics of Arabidopsis SR proteins by using different confocal microscopy-based approaches

Poster (2007, November 16)

Study of the origin of the unexpected pearlite during the cooling stage of two cast high-speed steels

in Solid State Phenomana (2011), 172-174

Two HSS grades (A and B) belonging to the complex system Fe-Cr-C-Si-X, where X is a strong carbide-forming element such as V, Mb or W, were studied. Samples in the as-received conditions came from an ... [more ▼]

Two HSS grades (A and B) belonging to the complex system Fe-Cr-C-Si-X, where X is a strong carbide-forming element such as V, Mb or W, were studied. Samples in the as-received conditions came from an industrial spin casting process, with a varying cooling rate during processing. Chemical compositions of both alloys were closed to each other and were chosen to enhance their hardenability and to avoid less resistant phases such as pearlite and ferrite. Differential Thermal Analysis was performed on both alloys, in order to increase their crystallization behaviour. Light microscopy and SEM associated with EDS analyses were done to characterize the microstructure of both alloys in the as-received conditions and after DTA trials. The matrix of both HSS grades was composed of eutectic carbides, martensite and retained austenite, these phases exhibiting similar chemical compositions in both alloys. Unexpected pearlite was found in the as-cast HSS alloy B without W, this grade containing more Mo, more V and less Cr than the HSS grade A. It appeared from DTA tests that pearlite found in the alloy B arose more from the destabilisation of the Cr-rich retained austenite associated with the plate-like M2C carbide, than from the matrix itself. In fact, pearlite zones located in the vicinity of M2C are due to related isothermal solid phase transformations form the previous austenitic eutectic phase that is enriched with Cr and Mo. [less ▲]

Study of the oxygen budget of the Black Sea waters using a 3D coupled hydrodynamical-biogeochemical model

in Journal of Marine Systems (2001), 31(1-mars Sp. Iss. SI), 175-202

The ventilation of the Black Sea waters by physical and biogeochemical processes is investigated using the Geohydrodynamics and Environment Research (GHER) laboratory 3D coupled hydrodynamical ... [more ▼]

The ventilation of the Black Sea waters by physical and biogeochemical processes is investigated using the Geohydrodynamics and Environment Research (GHER) laboratory 3D coupled hydrodynamical-biogeochemical model. In particular, the penetration at depth of the winter mixing, the generation of unstable motions by frontal instabilities, the exchanges between the north-western shelf and the open sea along the shelf break, the primary production distribution, the generation of detritus and the resulting consumption of oxygen for their recycling are studied. The GHER 3D hydrodynamic model is used to simulate the Black Sea's general circulation and the associated synoptic and mesoscale structures. This model is coupled with a simple ecosystem model defined by a nitrogen cycle which is described by seven state variables: nitrate, ammonium, dissolved oxygen, phytoplankton, zooplankton, pelagic and benthic detritus. The model simulates the space-time variations of the biogeochemical state variables. In particular, the spatial variability of the phytoplankton biomass annual cycle, imparted by the horizontal and vertical variations of the physical and chemical properties of the water column, is clearly illustrated. For instance, on the north-western shelf, the seasonal variability of the circulation and in particular, the reversal of the surface current at the end of spring, has a strong influence on the transport of the rich nutrient Danube waters and, thus, on the repartition of the primary production. Furthermore, the results illustrate the seasonal and vertical variations of the dissolved oxygen concentration resulting (a) from its atmospheric and photosynthetic productions in the surface layer, (b) from its loss to the atmosphere in spring and summer and (c) from its consumption associated with the detritus decomposition, the ammonium oxidation during the nitrification process, as well as the oxidation of hydrogen sulfide. The simulated sea surface, phytoplankton fields are compared with satellite estimates of chlorophyll-a fields. Comparisons are made with seasonal mean pictures and snapshot images, illustrating the mesoscale motions of the main coastal current. In the central Black Sea and the Danube delta area, comparisons with available field data are also made. As a general rule, all these comparisons show a quite good qualitative agreement. In particular, at the surface, the simulated phytoplankton space-time distribution is in a good qualitative agreement with satellite observations. However, on a quantitative point of view, the model underestimates the bloom intensity especially in the Danube discharge area. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. [less ▲]

Study of the physical changes of spray-dried inulin during storage.

Poster (2006, October 17)

Study of the physiological component involved in the development of crown rot in bananas and the role of phenolics in susceptibility variation mechanisms

Doctoral thesis (2012)

Crown rot is a post-harvest disease caused by a broad unspecific and opportunistic parasitic complex, which affects the quality of export bananas in Cameroon, as well as in most of the production areas ... [more ▼]

Crown rot is a post-harvest disease caused by a broad unspecific and opportunistic parasitic complex, which affects the quality of export bananas in Cameroon, as well as in most of the production areas around the world. The originality of this research is that it is sets out, not only to investigate on the conditions surrounding the development of the disease and the variable factors of fruit’s susceptibility, but equally to characterize the phenolic content of the banana crown with differential susceptibility levels. The study therefore aims at showing the influence of abiotic and biotic factors on the fruit’s physiological component at harvest and the involvement of phenolic compounds in the mechanism staked in fruit’s susceptibility variations to this pathology. At the end of this study, it appears that abiotic and biotic factors influence the fruit’s physiological component at harvest, affecting thus its susceptibility level and therefore favours the development of crown rot disease. The reliability of internal necrosis surface (INS) assessments method was improved. The influence of abiotic factors (production area and harvest date) on fruit susceptibility was demonstrated without season influence. Fruits grown in high altitudes (Ekona, 500 m) were less susceptible to crown rot than the ones grown in low altitudes (Dia-Dia, Koumba, 80 m). It was noticed that at certain harvest dates within the rainy season, fruit susceptibility was higher in plantations with low altitudes. Concerning biotic factors, Mycosphaerella leaf spot disease’s influence was shown in two geographical areas. In Cameroon, black leaf streak disease significantly influenced banana’s sensitivity to crown rot (P< 0.001). In Guadeloupe, Sigatoka disease had no effect (P> 0.05) on banana’s susceptibility to the development of crown rot disease. The influence of the source-sink ratio variations, an abiotic factor, on fruit physiology could explain these differences. The influence of severe source-sink ratio modification on fruit susceptibility to crown rot was shown. Fruits with low source-sink ratio were the most susceptible. Bananas of extreme modalities (12leaves/1hand, 1leaf/8hands) and with differential susceptibility (S-, S+) to crown rot were used for the biochemical characterization of their phenolic content at two stages: the day of harvest before inoculation (dhbi) and 13 days post-inoculation (13dpi) by chromatographic methods (GC-MS, HPLC, LC-MS). Dopamine was identified as the major secondary metabolite (phenolic alkaloid) in banana crown. Norepinephrine and normetanephrine levels were high in the dhbi, especially in the S+ crowns. Hydroxycinnamic acids (ferulic acid, coumaric acid and their derivatives) and other unidentified compounds were accumulated in highly significant quantities (P <0.001) in the dhbi in the less susceptible crown (S-) as compared to the susceptible ones (S+), with decreased 13dpi mostly in the susceptible fruits (S+). These results suggest a possible role of these phenolics in banana crown biochemical defense. However, the main role of each phenolic detected in the susceptibility variations mechanism remains unclear. This study is the starting point to understanding the function(s) of phenolics in banana crown defense. This is a pioneer study on the influence of abiotic and biotic factors on the banana fruit’s physiological component at harvest through the assessment of their incidence on crown rot development. This work appears to be the first to link the level of fruit’s susceptibility at two stages (dhbi and13dpi) with their crown phenolic content. [less ▲]